《一头扎进Spring4》学习笔记Spring ioc 之详解
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第一节 Spring ioc 简介
IOC(控制反转:Inverse of Control),又称作 依赖注入,是一种重要的面向对象编程的法则来削减计算机程序的耦合问题,也是轻量级的Spring框架的核心。
第二节 Spring ico 实例
1、接口类
1 public interface Tester { 2 public void test(); 3 }
2、实体类继承接口类
1 public class Lisi implements Tester{ 2 public void test(){ 3 System.out.println("李四-测试程序"); 4 } 5 } 6 7 public class ZhangSan implements Tester{ 8 public void test(){ 9 System.out.println("张三-测试程序"); 10 } 11 }
3、控制类
public class JavaWork { private Tester tester; public void setTester(Tester tester) { this.tester = tester; } public void doTest(){ tester.test(); } }
4、beans.xml,Spring管理bean
1 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> 2 <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" 3 xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" 4 xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans 5 http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd"> 6 7 <bean id="zhangsan" class="com.java1234.service.ZhangSan"></bean> 8 9 <bean id="lisi" class="com.java1234.service.Lisi"></bean> 10 11 <bean id="javaWork" class="com.java1234.service.JavaWork"> 12 <property name="tester" ref="lisi"></property> 13 </bean> 14 15 </beans>
property标签设置参数,ref 设置会自动调用JavaWork的set方法给tester赋值
5、测试类
1 public class Test2 { 2 3 public static void main(String[] args) { 4 ApplicationContext ac=new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("beans.xml"); 5 JavaWork javaWork=(JavaWork)ac.getBean("javaWork"); 6 javaWork.doTest(); 7 } 8 }
第三节 装配一个bean
第四节 依赖注入
1、属性注入
2、构造函数注入(通过类型,通过索引,联合使用)
3、工厂方法注入(非静态工厂,静态工厂)
4、泛型依赖注入
5、实例:
实体类People
1 package com.java1234.entity; 2 3 public class People { 4 5 private int id; 6 private String name; 7 private int age; 8 9 public People() { 10 super(); 11 // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub 12 } 13 14 public People(int id, String name, int age) { 15 super(); 16 this.id = id; 17 this.name = name; 18 this.age = age; 19 } 20 21 public int getId() { 22 return id; 23 } 24 public void setId(int id) { 25 this.id = id; 26 } 27 public String getName() { 28 return name; 29 } 30 public void setName(String name) { 31 this.name = name; 32 } 33 public int getAge() { 34 return age; 35 } 36 public void setAge(int age) { 37 this.age = age; 38 } 39 40 @Override 41 public String toString() { 42 return "People [id=" + id + ", name=" + name + ", age=" + age + "]"; 43 } 44 45 }
非静态工厂类
1 package com.java1234.factory; 2 import com.java1234.entity.People; 3 4 public class PeopleFactory { 5 6 public People createPeople(){ 7 People p=new People(); 8 p.setId(5); 9 p.setName("小七"); 10 p.setAge(77); 11 return p; 12 } 13 }
静态工厂类
1 package com.java1234.factory; 2 import com.java1234.entity.People; 3 4 public class PeopleFactory2 { 5 6 public static People createPeople(){ 7 People p=new People(); 8 p.setId(8); 9 p.setName("小八"); 10 p.setAge(88); 11 return p; 12 } 13 }
beans.xml
1 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> 2 <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" 3 xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" 4 xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans 5 http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd"> 6 7 <bean id="people" class="com.java1234.entity.People"></bean> 8 9 <bean id="people2" class="com.java1234.entity.People"> 10 <property name="id" value="1"></property> 11 <property name="name" value="张三"></property> 12 <property name="age" value="11"></property> 13 </bean> 14 15 <bean id="people3" class="com.java1234.entity.People"> 16 <constructor-arg type="int" value="2"></constructor-arg> 17 <constructor-arg type="String" value="李四"></constructor-arg> 18 <constructor-arg type="int" value="22"></constructor-arg> 19 </bean> 20 21 <bean id="people4" class="com.java1234.entity.People"> 22 <constructor-arg index="0" value="3"></constructor-arg> 23 <constructor-arg index="1" value="王五"></constructor-arg> 24 <constructor-arg index="2" value="55"></constructor-arg> 25 </bean> 26 27 <bean id="people5" class="com.java1234.entity.People"> 28 <constructor-arg index="0" type="int" value="4"></constructor-arg> 29 <constructor-arg index="1" type="String" value="招六"></constructor-arg> 30 <constructor-arg index="2" type="int" value="66"></constructor-arg> 31 </bean> 32 33 <bean id="peopleFactory" class="com.java1234.factory.PeopleFactory"></bean> 34 35 <bean id="people7" factory-bean="peopleFactory" factory-method="createPeople"></bean> 36 37 <bean id="people8" class="com.java1234.factory.PeopleFactory2" factory-method="createPeople"></bean> 38 </beans>
注:
1) 属性注入 property[name,value]
2) 构造函数注入 constructor-arg[type|index,value]
3) 工厂注入 非静态工厂先声明工厂bean,再通过 factory-bean、factory-method 引用
静态工厂直接指定工厂类class,再 factory-method
测试类
1 package com.java1234.test; 2 import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext; 3 import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext; 4 import com.java1234.entity.People; 5 6 public class Test2 { 7 8 public static void main(String[] args) { 9 ApplicationContext ac=new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("beans.xml"); 10 People people=(People)ac.getBean("people"); 11 System.out.println(people); 12 13 // 属性注入 14 People people2=(People)ac.getBean("people2"); 15 System.out.println(people2); 16 17 // 构造方法注入 18 People people3=(People)ac.getBean("people3"); 19 System.out.println(people3); 20 21 People people4=(People)ac.getBean("people4"); 22 System.out.println(people4); 23 24 People people5=(People)ac.getBean("people5"); 25 System.out.println(people5); 26 27 // 工厂方法注入 28 People people7=(People)ac.getBean("people7"); 29 System.out.println(people7); 30 31 People people8=(People)ac.getBean("people8"); 32 System.out.println(people8); 33 } 34 }
第五节 注入参数
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