SimpleJdbcInsert由于自动生成的ID（HSQLDB）为空而无法插入

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大家早上好

我正在使用HSQLDB使用JUnit对项目的持久层进行单元测试。该项目正在使用带有Hibernate + JPA的Spring。我正在使用Spring的SimpleJdbcInsert在数据库中插入一些数据以进行测试。但是，每当我尝试插入某些内容时，我都会得到：org.hsqldb.HsqlException: violación del restricción de integridad: restricción ('check') NOT NULL; SYS_CT_10137 table: PICTURE column: PICTURE_ID如下所示：

org.springframework.dao.DataIntegrityViolationException: PreparedStatementCallback; SQL [INSERT INTO picture (DATA, MIME_TYPE, NAME, SIZE) VALUES(?, ?, ?, ?)]; violación del restricción de integridad: restricción ('check') NOT NULL; SYS_CT_10137 table: PICTURE column: PICTURE_ID; nested exception is java.sql.SQLIntegrityConstraintViolationException: violación del restricción de integridad: restricción ('check') NOT NULL; SYS_CT_10137 table: PICTURE column: PICTURE_ID

    at org.springframework.jdbc.support.SQLExceptionSubclassTranslator.doTranslate(SQLExceptionSubclassTranslator.java:85)
    at org.springframework.jdbc.support.AbstractFallbackSQLExceptionTranslator.translate(AbstractFallbackSQLExceptionTranslator.java:73)
    at org.springframework.jdbc.support.AbstractFallbackSQLExceptionTranslator.translate(AbstractFallbackSQLExceptionTranslator.java:81)
    at org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate.execute(JdbcTemplate.java:645)
    at org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate.update(JdbcTemplate.java:866)
    at org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate.update(JdbcTemplate.java:927)
    at org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate.update(JdbcTemplate.java:932)
    at org.springframework.jdbc.core.simple.AbstractJdbcInsert.executeInsertInternal(AbstractJdbcInsert.java:362)
    at org.springframework.jdbc.core.simple.AbstractJdbcInsert.doExecute(AbstractJdbcInsert.java:341)
    at org.springframework.jdbc.core.simple.SimpleJdbcInsert.execute(SimpleJdbcInsert.java:122)
    at ar.edu.itba.paw.tests.AppointmentDaoImplTest.insertPicture(AppointmentDaoImplTest.java:330)
    at ar.edu.itba.paw.tests.AppointmentDaoImplTest.insertUser(AppointmentDaoImplTest.java:345)
    at ar.edu.itba.paw.tests.AppointmentDaoImplTest.insertPatient(AppointmentDaoImplTest.java:449)
    at ar.edu.itba.paw.tests.AppointmentDaoImplTest.testCreateAppointmentSuccessfully(AppointmentDaoImplTest.java:557)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
    at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
    at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498)
    at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod$1.runReflectiveCall(FrameworkMethod.java:47)
    at org.junit.internal.runners.model.ReflectiveCallable.run(ReflectiveCallable.java:12)
    at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod.invokeExplosively(FrameworkMethod.java:44)
    at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.InvokeMethod.evaluate(InvokeMethod.java:17)
    at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.RunBefores.evaluate(RunBefores.java:26)
    at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunBeforeTestMethodCallbacks.evaluate(RunBeforeTestMethodCallbacks.java:75)
    at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunAfterTestMethodCallbacks.evaluate(RunAfterTestMethodCallbacks.java:86)
    at org.junit.rules.ExpectedException$ExpectedExceptionStatement.evaluate(ExpectedException.java:168)
    at org.junit.rules.RunRules.evaluate(RunRules.java:20)
    at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.SpringRepeat.evaluate(SpringRepeat.java:84)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runLeaf(ParentRunner.java:271)
    at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:254)
    at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:89)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$3.run(ParentRunner.java:238)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$1.schedule(ParentRunner.java:63)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runChildren(ParentRunner.java:236)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.access$000(ParentRunner.java:53)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$2.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:229)
    at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunBeforeTestClassCallbacks.evaluate(RunBeforeTestClassCallbacks.java:61)
    at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunAfterTestClassCallbacks.evaluate(RunAfterTestClassCallbacks.java:70)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:309)
    at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.run(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:193)
    at org.junit.runner.JUnitCore.run(JUnitCore.java:160)
    at com.intellij.junit4.JUnit4IdeaTestRunner.startRunnerWithArgs(JUnit4IdeaTestRunner.java:68)
    at com.intellij.rt.junit.IdeaTestRunner$Repeater.startRunnerWithArgs(IdeaTestRunner.java:33)
    at com.intellij.rt.junit.JUnitStarter.prepareStreamsAndStart(JUnitStarter.java:230)
    at com.intellij.rt.junit.JUnitStarter.main(JUnitStarter.java:58)
Caused by: java.sql.SQLIntegrityConstraintViolationException: violación del restricción de integridad: restricción ('check') NOT NULL; SYS_CT_10137 table: PICTURE column: PICTURE_ID
    at org.hsqldb.jdbc.JDBCUtil.sqlException(Unknown Source)
    at org.hsqldb.jdbc.JDBCUtil.sqlException(Unknown Source)
    at org.hsqldb.jdbc.JDBCPreparedStatement.fetchResult(Unknown Source)
    at org.hsqldb.jdbc.JDBCPreparedStatement.executeUpdate(Unknown Source)
    at org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate$2.doInPreparedStatement(JdbcTemplate.java:873)
    at org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate$2.doInPreparedStatement(JdbcTemplate.java:866)
    at org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate.execute(JdbcTemplate.java:629)
    ... 41 more
Caused by: org.hsqldb.HsqlException: violación del restricción de integridad: restricción ('check') NOT NULL; SYS_CT_10137 table: PICTURE column: PICTURE_ID
    at org.hsqldb.error.Error.error(Unknown Source)
    at org.hsqldb.Table.enforceRowConstraints(Unknown Source)
    at org.hsqldb.Table.insertSingleRow(Unknown Source)
    at org.hsqldb.StatementDML.insertSingleRow(Unknown Source)
    at org.hsqldb.StatementInsert.getResult(Unknown Source)
    at org.hsqldb.StatementDMQL.execute(Unknown Source)
    at org.hsqldb.Session.executeCompiledStatement(Unknown Source)
    at org.hsqldb.Session.execute(Unknown Source)
    ... 46 more

这是我的测试（insertPatient()失败）：

@Test
public void testCreateAppointmentSuccessfully() {
    cleanAllTables();
    insertPatient();

    ... some code ...
}

insertPatient功能（insertPicture()失败的地方：]]

private void insertPatient() {
    insertUser();

    ... some code ...
}

private void insertUser() {
    insertPicture();

    ... some code ...
}

private void insertPicture() {
    Map<String, Object> map = new HashMap<>();
    map.put("data", IMG_DATA);
    map.put("mime_type", MIME_TYPE);
    map.put("size", IMG_SIZE);
    map.put("name", PICTURE);
    pictureJdbcInsert.execute(map);
}

SimpleJdbcInsert pictureJdbcInsert实例通过以下方法设置：
@Before
public void setUp(){
    this.pictureJdbcInsert = new SimpleJdbcInsert(this.ds)
                .withTableName(PICTURES_TABLE) // private static final String PICTURES_TABLE = "picture";
                .usingGeneratedKeyColumns("picture_id");

    ... some code ...
}

测试类以@Sql(scripts = "classpath:sql/schema.sql")标注为schema.sql：
create table if not exists picture
(
    picture_id identity        not null constraint picture_pk primary key,
    name      varchar(1023),
    mime_type varchar(255)     not null,
    size      bigint           not null default 0,
    data      varbinary(65535) not null
);

... some more tables ...

如您所见，我不是手动放置密钥。我期望usingGeneratedKeyColumns方法会自动为我生成它。从stacktrace我知道这是试图执行以下查询：INSERT INTO picture (DATA, MIME_TYPE, NAME, SIZE) VALUES(?, ?, ?, ?)，其中?被映射中的相应值替换，但是失败了，因为没有为picture_id指定值。我不知道这种情况是否会发生，因为schema.sql文件指定picture_id的类型为identity，这意味着它是自动生成的，默认情况下是从0开始且以1为增量。

我一直在尝试并寻找解决方案，但是一切都表明这应该可行。

大家早上好，我正在使用HSQLDB使用JUnit对项目的持久层进行单元测试。该项目正在使用带有Hibernate + JPA的Spring。我正在使用Spring的SimpleJdbcInsert插入一些...

答案

[使用usingGeneratedKeyColumns()方法时，似乎必须使用相应的方法executeAndReturnKey()而不是execute()来在插入时自动生成密钥。使用execute方法时，您需要在参数映射中提供picture_id列和值。

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