实现iOS图片等资源文件的热更新化: 一个最小化的补丁更新逻辑
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简介
以前写过一个补丁更新的文章,此处会做一个更精简的最小化实现,以便于集成.为了使逻辑具有通用性,将剥离对AFNetworking和ReativeCocoa的依赖.原来的文章,可以先看这里: http://www.ios122.com/2015/12/jspatconline/
这么做的意义
先交代动机和意义,或许应该成为自己博客的一个标准框架内容之一,不然以后自己需要看着,也不过是一堆干瘪的代码.基本的逻辑图,如上!此处,我就从简!
从简的原因有3:
- 补丁更新,状态可以设计的很复杂,就像开头那篇文章提到的那样,但是我感觉没多大必要,至少在我们的App中;
- 我想演示一个相对完整的逻辑,但是又不想耗费太多的时间构建场景;
- 从简后的方案,简单但够用了,至少目前针对我们的项目来说;
所以说:这篇文章的意义,其实是在于简化已有的热更新代码,越简单越好维护.
基本思路
- App启动时,判断特定的服务器接口所返回的图片url是否为最新,判断方式就是比对返回值中的md5字段与本地保存的资源的url是否一致;
- 如果图片资源有更新,则下载解压到指定的缓存目录,初步打算以资源文件的md5来划分文件夹,来避免冲突;
- 读取图片时,优先从缓存目录读取,缓存目录不存在再从ipa资源包中读取;
下面就一步一步来实现了.
App启动时,判断有无最新图片资源
此处主要涉及到的可能的技术点:
1. 如何用基础的网络类库发送网络请求?
先简单封装一个函数来获取,用到了block.block经常用,但到现在都记不太清形式,大都是从其他处copy下,然后改改参数.记不住,也懒得记!
- (void)fetchPatchInfo:(NSString *) urlStr completionHandler:(void (^)(NSDictionary * patchInfo, NSError * error))completionHandler
{
NSURLSessionConfiguration * defaultConfigObject = [NSURLSessionConfiguration defaultSessionConfiguration];
NSURLSession * defaultSession = [NSURLSession sessionWithConfiguration: defaultConfigObject delegate: self delegateQueue: [NSOperationQueue mainQueue]];
NSURL * url = [NSURL URLWithString:urlStr];
NSURLSessionDataTask * dataTask = [defaultSession dataTaskWithURL:url
completionHandler:^(NSData * data, NSURLResponse * response, NSError * error) {
NSDictionary * patchInfo = [NSJSONSerialization JSONObjectWithData:data options:0 error:&error];;
completionHandler(patchInfo, error);
}];
[dataTask resume];
}
基于block,调用的代码也就很简答了.
[self fetchPatchInfo: @"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/ios122/ios_assets_hot_update/master/res/patch_04.json" completionHandler:^(NSDictionary * patchInfo, NSError * error) { if ( ! error) { NSLog(@"patchInfo:%@", patchInfo); }else { NSLog(@"fetchPatchInfo error: %@", error); } }];
好吧,我承认AFNetworking用习惯了,好久没用原始的网络请求的代码了,有点low,莫怪!
2. 如何校验下载的文件的md5值,如果你需要的话?
开头那篇文章链接里,有提到.核心,其实是在于下载文件之后,md5值的计算,剩余的就是字符串比较操作了.
注意要先引入系统库
#include <CommonCrypto/CommonDigest.h>
/**
* 获取文件的md5信息.
*
* @param path 文件路径.
*
* @return 文件的md5值.
*/
-(NSString *)mcMd5HashOfPath:(NSString *)path
{
NSFileManager * fileManager = [NSFileManager defaultManager];
// 确保文件存在.
if( [fileManager fileExistsAtPath:path isDirectory:nil] )
{
NSData * data = [NSData dataWithContentsOfFile:path];
unsigned char digest[CC_MD5_DIGEST_LENGTH];
CC_MD5( data.bytes, (CC_LONG)data.length, digest );
NSMutableString * output = [NSMutableString stringWithCapacity:CC_MD5_DIGEST_LENGTH * 2];
for( int i = 0; i < CC_MD5_DIGEST_LENGTH; i++ )
{
[output appendFormat:@"%02x", digest[i]];
}
return output;
}
else
{
return @"";
}
}
3. 使用什么保存与获取本地缓存资源的md5等信息?
好吧,我打算直接使用用户配置文件,
NSString * source_patch_key = @"SOURCE_PATCH"; [[NSUserDefaults standardUserDefaults] setObject:patchInfo forKey: source_patch_key]; patchInfo = [[NSUserDefaults standardUserDefaults] objectForKey: source_patch_key]; NSLog(@"patchInfo:%@", patchInfo);
补丁下载与解压
此处主要涉及到的可能的技术点:
1. 如何基于图片缓存信息来找到指定的缓存目录?
问题本身有些绕口,其实我想做的就是根据补丁的md5,放到不同的缓存文件夹,如补丁md5为 e963ed645c50a004697530fa596f180b,则对应放到 patch/e963ed645c50a004697530fa596f180b 文件夹.封装一个简单的根据md5返回缓存路径的方法吧:
- (NSString *)cachePathFor:(NSString * )patchMd5
{
NSArray * LibraryPaths = NSSearchPathForDirectoriesInDomains(NSLibraryDirectory, NSUserDomainMask, YES);
NSString * cachePath = [[[LibraryPaths objectAtIndex:0] stringByAppendingFormat:@"/Caches/patch"] stringByAppendingPathComponent:patchMd5];
return cachePath;
}
使用时,类似这样:
NSString * urlStr = [patchInfo objectForKey: @"url"];
[weak_self downloadFileFrom:urlStr completionHandler:^(NSURL * location, NSError * error) {
if (error) {
NSLog(@"download file url:%@ error: %@", urlStr, error);
return;
}
NSString * cachePath = [weak_self cachePathFor: [patchInfo objectForKey:@"md5"]];
NSLog(@"location:%@ cachePath:%@",location, cachePath);
}];
2. 如何解压文件到指定目录?
如果需要安装 CocoaPods ,建议使用 brew:
brew install CocoaPods
解压本身推荐 SSZipArchive 库,一行代码搞定:
[SSZipArchive unzipFileAtPath:location.path toDestination: patchCachePath overwrite:YES password:nil error:&error];
3. 在什么时候更新本地的缓存资源的相关信息?
建议是在下载并解压资源文件到指定缓存目录后,再更新补丁的相关缓存信息,因为这个信息,读取图片时,也是需要的.如果删除某个补丁,按照目前的设计,一种比较偷懒的方案就是,在服务器上放上一个新的空资源文件就可以了.
NSString * source_patch_key = @"SOURCE_PATCH"; [[NSUserDefaults standardUserDefaults] setObject:patchInfo forKey: source_patch_key];
读取图片功能扩展
此处主要涉及到的可能的技术点:
1. 如何用基础的网络类库下载文件?
依然是要封装一个简单函数,下载完成后,通过block传出文件临时的保存位置:
-(void) downloadFileFrom:(NSString * ) urlStr completionHandler: (void (^)(NSURL *location, NSError * error)) completionHandler
{
NSURL * url = [NSURL URLWithString:urlStr];
NSURLSessionConfiguration * defaultConfigObject = [NSURLSessionConfiguration defaultSessionConfiguration];
NSURLSession * defaultSession = [NSURLSession sessionWithConfiguration: defaultConfigObject delegate:self delegateQueue: [NSOperationQueue mainQueue]];
NSURLSessionDownloadTask * downloadTask =[ defaultSession downloadTaskWithURL:url
completionHandler:^(NSURL * location, NSURLResponse * response, NSError * error)
{
completionHandler(location,error);
}];
[downloadTask resume];
}
2. 如何判断bundle中是否含有某文件?
可以使用 fileExistsAtPath,但其实使用 -pathForResource: ofType: 就够了,因为找不到资源问加你时,它返回nil,所以我们直接调用它,然后判断返回是否为 nil 即可:
NSString * imgPath = [mainBundle pathForResource:imgName ofType:@"png"];
3. 将代码如何与原有的imageNamed:逻辑合并?
不需要初始复制到缓存目录 + 初始请求最新的资源补丁信息 + 代码迁移合并 + 接口优化
相对完整的逻辑代码
注意,按照目前的设计,就不需要初始把原来ipa中的bundle复制到缓存目录了;当缓存目录中没有相关资源时,会自动尝试从ipa中的bundle读取,bundle约定统一使用 main.bundle 来简化操作,
类目,对外暴露两个方法:
#import <UIKit/UIKit.h> @interface UIImage (imageNamed_bundle_) /* load img smart .*/ + (UIImage *)yf_imageNamed:(NSString *)imgName; /* smart update for patch */ + (void)yf_updatePatchFrom:(NSString *) pathInfoUrlStr; @end
App启动时,或在其他合适的地方,要注意检查有无更新:
- (BOOL)application:(UIApplication *)application didFinishLaunchingWithOptions:(NSDictionary *)launchOptions {
// Override point for customization after application launch.
/* fetch pathc info every time */
NSString * patchUrlStr = @"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/ios122/ios_assets_hot_update/master/res/patch_04.json";
[UIImage yf_updatePatchFrom: patchUrlStr];
return YES;
}
内部实现,优化了许多,但也算不上复杂:
#import "UIImage+imageNamed_bundle_.h"
#import <SSZipArchive.h>
@implementation UIImage (imageNamed_bundle_)
+ (NSString *)yf_sourcePatchKey{
return @"SOURCE_PATCH";
}
+ (void)yf_updatePatchFrom:(NSString *) pathInfoUrlStr
{
[self yf_fetchPatchInfo: pathInfoUrlStr
completionHandler:^(NSDictionary *patchInfo, NSError *error) {
if (error) {
NSLog(@"fetchPatchInfo error: %@", error);
return;
}
NSString * urlStr = [patchInfo objectForKey: @"url"];
NSString * md5 = [patchInfo objectForKey:@"md5"];
NSString * oriMd5 = [[[NSUserDefaults standardUserDefaults] objectForKey: [self yf_sourcePatchKey]] objectForKey:@"md5"];
if ([oriMd5 isEqualToString:md5]) { // no update
return;
}
[self yf_downloadFileFrom:urlStr completionHandler:^(NSURL *location, NSError *error) {
if (error) {
NSLog(@"download file url:%@ error: %@", urlStr, error);
return;
}
NSString * patchCachePath = [self yf_cachePathFor: md5];
[SSZipArchive unzipFileAtPath:location.path toDestination: patchCachePath overwrite:YES password:nil error:&error];
if (error) {
NSLog(@"unzip and move file error, with urlStr:%@ error:%@", urlStr, error);
return;
}
/* update patch info. */
NSString * source_patch_key = [self yf_sourcePatchKey];
[[NSUserDefaults standardUserDefaults] setObject:patchInfo forKey: source_patch_key];
}];
}];
}
+ (NSString *)yf_relativeCachePathFor:(NSString *)md5
{
return [@"patch" stringByAppendingPathComponent:md5];
}
+ (UIImage *)yf_imageNamed:(NSString *)imgName{
NSString * bundleName = @"main";
/* cache dir */
NSString * md5 = [[[NSUserDefaults standardUserDefaults] objectForKey: [self yf_sourcePatchKey]] objectForKey:@"md5"];
NSString * relativeCachePath = [self yf_relativeCachePathFor: md5];
return [self yf_imageNamed: imgName bundle:bundleName cacheDir: relativeCachePath];
}
+ (UIImage *)yf_imageNamed:(NSString *)imgName bundle:(NSString *)bundleName cacheDir:(NSString *)cacheDir
{
NSArray * LibraryPaths = NSSearchPathForDirectoriesInDomains(NSLibraryDirectory, NSUserDomainMask, YES);
bundleName = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@.bundle",bundleName];
NSString * ipaBundleDir = [NSBundle mainBundle].resourcePath;
NSString * cacheBundleDir = ipaBundleDir;
if (cacheDir) {
cacheBundleDir = [[[LibraryPaths objectAtIndex:0] stringByAppendingFormat:@"/Caches"] stringByAppendingPathComponent:cacheDir];
}
imgName = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@@3x",imgName];
NSString * bundlePath = [cacheBundleDir stringByAppendingPathComponent: bundleName];
NSBundle * mainBundle = [NSBundle bundleWithPath:bundlePath];
NSString * imgPath = [mainBundle pathForResource:imgName ofType:@"png"];
/* try load from ipa! */
if ( ! imgPath && ! [ipaBundleDir isEqualToString: cacheBundleDir]) {
bundlePath = [ipaBundleDir stringByAppendingPathComponent: bundleName];
mainBundle = [NSBundle bundleWithPath:bundlePath];
imgPath = [mainBundle pathForResource:imgName ofType:@"png"];
}
UIImage * image;
static NSString * model;
if (!model) {
model = [[UIDevice currentDevice]model];
}
if ([model isEqualToString:@"iPad"]) {
NSData * imageData = [NSData dataWithContentsOfFile: imgPath];
image = [UIImage imageWithData:imageData scale:2.0];
}else{
image = [UIImage imageWithContentsOfFile: imgPath];
}
return image;
}
+ (void)yf_fetchPatchInfo:(NSString *) urlStr completionHandler:(void (^)(NSDictionary * patchInfo, NSError * error))completionHandler
{
NSURLSessionConfiguration *defaultConfigObject = [NSURLSessionConfiguration defaultSessionConfiguration];
NSURLSession *defaultSession = [NSURLSession sessionWithConfiguration: defaultConfigObject delegate: nil delegateQueue: [NSOperationQueue mainQueue]];
NSURL * url = [NSURL URLWithString:urlStr];
NSURLSessionDataTask * dataTask = [defaultSession dataTaskWithURL:url
completionHandler:^(NSData *data, NSURLResponse *response, NSError *error) {
NSDictionary * patchInfo = [NSJSONSerialization JSONObjectWithData:data options:0 error:&error];;
completionHandler(patchInfo, error);
}];
[dataTask resume];
}
+ (void) yf_downloadFileFrom:(NSString * ) urlStr completionHandler: (void (^)(NSURL *location, NSError * error)) completionHandler
{
NSURL * url = [NSURL URLWithString:urlStr];
NSURLSessionConfiguration *defaultConfigObject = [NSURLSessionConfiguration defaultSessionConfiguration];
NSURLSession *defaultSession = [NSURLSession sessionWithConfiguration: defaultConfigObject delegate:nil delegateQueue: [NSOperationQueue mainQueue]];
NSURLSessionDownloadTask * downloadTask =[ defaultSession downloadTaskWithURL:url
completionHandler:^(NSURL *location, NSURLResponse *response, NSError *error)
{
completionHandler(location,error);
}];
[downloadTask resume];
}
+ (NSString *)yf_cachePathFor:(NSString * )patchMd5
{
NSArray * LibraryPaths = NSSearchPathForDirectoriesInDomains(NSLibraryDirectory, NSUserDomainMask, YES);
NSString * cachePath = [[[LibraryPaths objectAtIndex:0] stringByAppendingFormat:@"/Caches"] stringByAppendingPathComponent:[self yf_relativeCachePathFor: patchMd5]];
return cachePath;
}
@end
现在,加载图片的代码更简单了:
UIImage * image = [UIImage yf_imageNamed:@"sub/sample"]; self.sampleImageView.image = image;
如果热更新生效,运行看到的应该是一个锤子图片:
后记
我觉得,这篇文章最大的特点是,完整记录了一次优化解决问题的过程;示例代码看起来前后有些不太统一,是因为: 我不是先有了方案再写博客,而是借助博客本身来梳理思路,简化逻辑!如此,写博客,就不单单是一个耗时的分享知识的过程,更成为了一个帮助自己思考的有力工具!赞!!!
参考资源:
- 本节内容完整可执行Xcode工程代码,不到100k
- 系列文章,专属github项目
- iOS NSURLSession Example (HTTP GET, POST, Background Downlads )
- 价值100W的经验分享: 基于JSPatch的iOS应用线上Bug的即时修复方案,附源码.
- ZipArchive is a simple utility class for zipping and unzipping files on iOS and Mac.
- pod 的安装和使用
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