新概念英语第2册-第01课笔记

Posted 2023-02-06 张欣-男

Lesson 1 A private conversation

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单词讲解
课文语法讲解：简单陈述句的构成和变化知识拓展：简单陈述句的分类

1 单词讲解

1. private adj. 私人的（私密的，私立的）

   • a private conversation
   • a private school / car
   • privacy n. 隐 私
   • public adj. 公共的，公开的

2. theatre n. 剧院，戏院th- 发音？

   • go to the theatre

3. angry adj. 生气的

   • angrily adv. 生气地
   • The angry boy shouted angrily.

• 形容词与副词区别
  • adj. 修饰名词
  • adv. 修饰名词以外的其他词

1. loudly adv. 大声地

   • loud adj. 大声的

2. rudely adv. 无礼地，粗鲁地

   • rude adj. 无礼的，粗鲁的

3. attention n. 注 意

   • pay attention to sb. / sth.
     • We pay attention to the new words. They did not pay any attention.
   • May I have your attention, please?
   • Attention, please. 请注意！
   • attract / catch / draw one’s attention 吸引某人的注意力。
     • draw 画画；牵引，拉过来

2 课文语法讲解：简单陈述句的构成和变化

• 句子类别型
  • 陈述句
  • 疑问句
  • 祈使句
  • 感叹句

1. 简单陈述句的构成——核心

• ① 名 词 + 动 词 （ n. + v. ）

  • 主语 + 谓语
  • 例 1：Birds fly.
  • 例 2：We walk.

• ② 主 语 + 谓 语 v. + ?

  • 例 1：I have ?

    • I have a seat.

  • 例 2：The play was ?

    • The play was interesting.

2. 简单陈述句的构成——语序

你吃苹果。苹果吃你。你苹果吃。

• 例 1：The policeman arrested the thief.

The thief arrested the policeman.

3. 简单陈述句的变化

例 1：

• Boys talk.

• Boys were talking.

• Lovely boys were talking loudly.

• Yesterday after class lovely boys were talking loudly about the exam in the classroom.

例 2：

• I go.

• I went.

• I went to the theatre.

• Last week I went to the theatre.

例 3：

• I have a seat.

• I had a seat.

• I had a very good seat.

例 4：简单陈述句的变化——谓语动词的变化

• 谓语动词的变化
  • 时态
  • 语态
  • 情态
  • 否定

They were talking loudly. （时态）

It was bought by my grandfather. （语态）

I could not hear the actors. （情态+否定）

I did not enjoy it. （时态+否定）

（课文…）
Last week I went to the theatre.

I had a very good seat.

The play was very interesting.

I did not enjoy it.

A young man and a young woman were sitting behind me.

They were talking loudly.

I got very angry.

I could not hear the actors.

I turned round.

I looked at the man and the woman angrily.

They did not pay any attention.

In the end, I could not bear it.

I turned round again.

”I can’t hear a word !” I said angrily.

”It’s none of your business,” the young man said rudely.

“This is a private conversation !”

练习：连词成句

• 词：the film；I; enjoyed；yesterday
  • 句 1：I enjoyed the film yesterday.
  • 句 2：Yesterday I enjoyed the film.
• 词：games; played; yesterday; in their room; the children; quietly
  • 句：The children played games quietly in their room yesterday.

3 知识拓展：

A 简单陈述句的分类

• They meet. 主谓
• I love you. 主谓宾
• I tell you a secret. 主谓双宾
• I find you interesting. 主谓宾补
• You are beautiful. 主系表

比较：

• They meet. 主谓 vi. 不及物
• I love you. 主谓宾 vt. 及 物
• You are beautiful. 主系表 系动词
  • ● 系动词：
    • ① be 动词（单独出现）
    • ② get become turn go grow “变得”
    • ③ look sound smell taste feel “看起来／听起来／闻起来／品尝起来／感觉起来…”
  • 例 1：The play was very interesting.
  • 例 2：They were talking loudly.
  • 例 3：I got very angry.

B 不规则变化的动词：

原型 过去时 过去分词

• go - went - gone
• have - had - had - having
• do - did - done
• be - was/were - been
• sit - sat - sat - sitting
• get - got - got/gotten - getting
• pay - paid - paid
• bear - bore - borne
• say - said - said