Android 开发之Navigation Drawer
Posted zhenjie_chang
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侧滑菜单在android应用中应用很常见,Android 的API中提供了侧滑菜单,我们可以很方便的将他应用在我们的项目中。
那么如何创建一个侧滑菜单呢?
创建<DrawerLayout>布局
在项目的用户界面的xml布局文件中使用<DrawerLayout>标签,<DrawerLayout>标签必须为xml的根标签。在<DrawerLayout>标签中只能放置两个元素,其中一个放置界面的主要内容,另一个用来放置侧滑菜单。
<android.support.v4.widget.DrawerLayout
xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:id="@+id/drawer_layout"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent">
<!-- The main content view -->
<FrameLayout
android:id="@+id/content_frame"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent" />
<!-- The navigation drawer -->
<ListView android:id="@+id/left_drawer"
android:layout_width="240dp"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:layout_gravity="start"
android:choiceMode="singleChoice"
android:divider="@android:color/transparent"
android:dividerHeight="0dp"
android:background="#111"/>
</android.support.v4.widget.DrawerLayout>
如上面的布局,drawerlayout有两个子视图,一个FrameLayout用于放置主要的内容,另一个ListView用于放置侧滑菜单。
注意:内容布局必须放在第一个,因为在Z轴上,侧滑菜单应该位于内容之上
内容布局的宽和高必须match_parent填满父容器
侧滑菜单必须使用android:layout_gravity=“start”属性来指定它的水平gravity值
侧滑菜单高度应该填充满父容器,宽度使用dp值,且不能大于320dp
初始化侧滑菜单列表
侧滑菜单的条目根据应用的内容而定,但是侧滑菜单一般使用ListView存放菜单条目,初始化侧滑菜单和ListView的使用相似,注册ItemClick事件来出来菜单的点击事件。
public class MainActivity extends Activity
private String[] mPlanetTitles;
private DrawerLayout mDrawerLayout;
private ListView mDrawerList;
...
@Override
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState)
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
mPlanetTitles = getResources().getStringArray(R.array.planets_array);
mDrawerLayout = (DrawerLayout) findViewById(R.id.drawer_layout);
mDrawerList = (ListView) findViewById(R.id.left_drawer);
// Set the adapter for the list view
mDrawerList.setAdapter(new ArrayAdapter<String>(this,
R.layout.drawer_list_item, mPlanetTitles));
// Set the list's click listener
mDrawerList.setOnItemClickListener(new DrawerItemClickListener());
...
处理菜单点击事件
点击菜单选项的时候,系统会调用onItemClickListener接口的onItemClick()事件,具体处理逻辑要根据自己的应用内容而定,下面事例中点击不同的菜单,在content中切换不同的Fragment.
rivate class DrawerItemClickListener implements ListView.OnItemClickListener
@Override
public void onItemClick(AdapterView parent, View view, int position, long id)
selectItem(position);
/** Swaps fragments in the main content view */
private void selectItem(int position)
// Create a new fragment and specify the planet to show based on position
Fragment fragment = new PlanetFragment();
Bundle args = new Bundle();
args.putInt(PlanetFragment.ARG_PLANET_NUMBER, position);
fragment.setArguments(args);
// Insert the fragment by replacing any existing fragment
FragmentManager fragmentManager = getFragmentManager();
fragmentManager.beginTransaction()
.replace(R.id.content_frame, fragment)
.commit();
// Highlight the selected item, update the title, and close the drawer
mDrawerList.setItemChecked(position, true);
setTitle(mPlanetTitles[position]);
mDrawerLayout.closeDrawer(mDrawerList);
@Override
public void setTitle(CharSequence title)
mTitle = title;
getActionBar().setTitle(mTitle);
监听菜单打开和关闭的事件
开发的时候经常需要知道侧滑菜单是否处于打开状态,这就需要调用setDrawerListener()来注册DrawerLayout的监听事件,同其他注册监听事件一样,在注册的时候传入DrawerListener的实例
DrawerListener的实现如下:
DrawerLayout.DrawerListener d=new DrawerLayout.DrawerListener()
@Override
public void onDrawerStateChanged(int arg0)
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
@Override
public void onDrawerSlide(View arg0, float arg1)
// TODO 菜单滑动的时候
@Override
public void onDrawerOpened(View arg0)
// TODO 侧滑菜单打开
@Override
public void onDrawerClosed(View arg0)
// TODO 侧滑菜单关闭
;
当侧滑菜单打开关闭或者滑动的时候会调用相应的回调方法
当应用中使用了ActionBar之后,我们可以直接继承 ActionBarDrawerToggle 类,因为ActionBarDrawerToogle类已经实现了DrawerListener接口, 如果想
要实现自己特定逻辑我们还是可以重写接口的方法。以下是使用ActionBarDrawerToogle类的实现方式
public class MainActivity extends Activity
private DrawerLayout mDrawerLayout;
private ActionBarDrawerToggle mDrawerToggle;
private CharSequence mDrawerTitle;
private CharSequence mTitle;
...
@Override
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState)
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
...
mTitle = mDrawerTitle = getTitle();
mDrawerLayout = (DrawerLayout) findViewById(R.id.drawer_layout);
mDrawerToggle = new ActionBarDrawerToggle(this, mDrawerLayout,
R.drawable.ic_drawer, R.string.drawer_open, R.string.drawer_close)
/** Called when a drawer has settled in a completely closed state. */
public void onDrawerClosed(View view)
super.onDrawerClosed(view);
getActionBar().setTitle(mTitle);
invalidateOptionsMenu(); // creates call to onPrepareOptionsMenu()
/** Called when a drawer has settled in a completely open state. */
public void onDrawerOpened(View drawerView)
super.onDrawerOpened(drawerView);
getActionBar().setTitle(mDrawerTitle);
invalidateOptionsMenu(); // creates call to onPrepareOptionsMenu()
;
// Set the drawer toggle as the DrawerListener
mDrawerLayout.setDrawerListener(mDrawerToggle);
/* Called whenever we call invalidateOptionsMenu() */
@Override
public boolean onPrepareOptionsMenu(Menu menu)
// If the nav drawer is open, hide action items related to the content view
boolean drawerOpen = mDrawerLayout.isDrawerOpen(mDrawerList);
menu.findItem(R.id.action_websearch).setVisible(!drawerOpen);
return super.onPrepareOptionsMenu(menu);
点击应用图标打开或者关闭菜单
在使用侧滑菜单的时候,可以在屏幕左侧滑动打开菜单,同时我们也可以点击ActionBar的应用图标来打开侧滑菜单。
首先我们要创建ActionBarDrawerToogle类的实例。并且在Activity的生命周期的一些方法中调用该类的方法。
public class MainActivity extends Activity
private DrawerLayout mDrawerLayout;
private ActionBarDrawerToggle mDrawerToggle;
...
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState)
...
mDrawerLayout = (DrawerLayout) findViewById(R.id.drawer_layout);
mDrawerToggle = new ActionBarDrawerToggle(
this, /* host Activity */
mDrawerLayout, /* DrawerLayout object */
R.drawable.ic_drawer, /* nav drawer icon to replace 'Up' caret */
R.string.drawer_open, /* "open drawer" description */
R.string.drawer_close /* "close drawer" description */
)
/** Called when a drawer has settled in a completely closed state. */
public void onDrawerClosed(View view)
super.onDrawerClosed(view);
getActionBar().setTitle(mTitle);
/** Called when a drawer has settled in a completely open state. */
public void onDrawerOpened(View drawerView)
super.onDrawerOpened(drawerView);
getActionBar().setTitle(mDrawerTitle);
;
// Set the drawer toggle as the DrawerListener
mDrawerLayout.setDrawerListener(mDrawerToggle);
getActionBar().setDisplayHomeAsUpEnabled(true);
getActionBar().setHomeButtonEnabled(true);
@Override
protected void onPostCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState)
super.onPostCreate(savedInstanceState);
// Sync the toggle state after onRestoreInstanceState has occurred.
mDrawerToggle.syncState();
@Override
public void onConfigurationChanged(Configuration newConfig)
super.onConfigurationChanged(newConfig);
mDrawerToggle.onConfigurationChanged(newConfig);
@Override
public boolean onOptionsItemSelected(MenuItem item)
// Pass the event to ActionBarDrawerToggle, if it returns
// true, then it has handled the app icon touch event
if (mDrawerToggle.onOptionsItemSelected(item))
return true;
// Handle your other action bar items...
return super.onOptionsItemSelected(item);
...
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