猿创征文 | 国产数据库实战之TiDB 数据库快速入门
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猿创征文 | 国产数据库实战之TiDB 数据库快速入门
- 一、系统检查
- 二、快速部署本地测试集群
- 三、连接 TiDB 数据库
- 四、清理TiDB 集群环境
- 五、TiDB数据库的用户管理
- 六、配置外部访问
- 七、创建测试数据表
- 八、在TiDB Dashboard界面查询信息
- 九、使用SQLyog查看数据表
一、系统检查
1.检查系统版本
[root@TiDB ~]# cat /etc/centos-release
CentOS Linux release 7.6.1810 (Core)
2.查看本地IP地址
[root@TiDB ~]# ifconfig eth0
eth0: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1500
inet 192.168.3.241 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 192.168.3.255
inet6 fe80::2a6e:d4ff:fe8a:1bd9 prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x20<link>
ether 28:6e:d4:8a:1b:d9 txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet)
RX packets 54547 bytes 7063009 (6.7 MiB)
RX errors 0 dropped 27 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 203 bytes 26090 (25.4 KiB)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
3.TiDB集群介绍
TiDB 是一个分布式系统。最基础的 TiDB 测试集群通常由 2 个 TiDB 实例、3 个 TiKV 实例、3 个 PD 实例和可选的 TiFlash 实例构成。通过 TiUP Playground，可以快速搭建出上述的一套基础测试集群。
二、快速部署本地测试集群
1.安装 TiUP工具
[root@TiDB ~]# curl --proto '=https' --tlsv1.2 -sSf https://tiup-mirrors.pingcap.com/install.sh | sh
% Total % Received % Xferd Average Speed Time Time Time Current
Dload Upload Total Spent Left Speed
100 7085k 100 7085k 0 0 947k 0 0:00:07 0:00:07 --:--:-- 1784k
WARN: adding root certificate via internet: https://tiup-mirrors.pingcap.com/root.json
You can revoke this by remove /root/.tiup/bin/7b8e153f2e2d0928.root.json
Successfully set mirror to https://tiup-mirrors.pingcap.com
Detected shell: bash
Shell profile: /root/.bash_profile
/root/.bash_profile has been modified to add tiup to PATH
open a new terminal or source /root/.bash_profile to use it
Installed path: /root/.tiup/bin/tiup
===============================================
Have a try: tiup playground
===============================================
2.声明全局环境变量
[root@TiDB ~]# source /root/.bash_profile
[root@TiDB ~]#
3.快速部署TiDB 集群
tiup playground v6.1.0 --db 2 --pd 3 --kv 3
CLUSTER START SUCCESSFULLY, Enjoy it ^-^
To connect TiDB: mysql --comments --host 127.0.0.1 --port 4001 -u root -p (no password)
To connect TiDB: mysql --comments --host 127.0.0.1 --port 4000 -u root -p (no password)
To view the dashboard: http://127.0.0.1:2379/dashboard
PD client endpoints: [127.0.0.1:2379 127.0.0.1:2382 127.0.0.1:2384]
To view the Prometheus: http://127.0.0.1:9090
To view the Grafana: http://127.0.0.1:3000
三、连接 TiDB 数据库
1.新开一个session 以访问 TiDB 数据库
Connecting to 192.168.3.241:22...
Connection established.
To escape to local shell, press 'Ctrl+Alt+]'.
WARNING! The remote SSH server rejected X11 forwarding request.
Last login: Tue Oct 11 23:28:56 2022 from 192.168.3.11
[root@TiDB ~]# tiup client
tiup is checking updates for component client ...timeout!
The component `client` version is not installed; downloading from repository.
download https://tiup-mirrors.pingcap.com/client-v1.11.0-linux-amd64.tar.gz 4.49 MiB / 4.49 MiB 100.00% 9.81 MiB/s
Starting component `client`: /root/.tiup/components/client/v1.11.0/tiup-client
Connected with driver mysql (5.7.25-TiDB-v6.1.0)
Type "help" for help.
my:root@127.0.0.1:4000=> show databases;
Database
--------------------
INFORMATION_SCHEMA
METRICS_SCHEMA
PERFORMANCE_SCHEMA
mysql
test
(5 rows)
my:root@127.0.0.1:4000=>
2.通过Mysql客户端连接TiDB 数据库
mysql --host 127.0.0.1 --port 4000 -u root
四、清理TiDB 集群环境
tiup clean --all
五、TiDB数据库的用户管理
1.创建用户
my:root@127.0.0.1:4000=> CREATE USER 'admin'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY '123456';
CREATE USER
2.删除用户
drop user 'admin'@'%';
3.修改用户密码
my:root@127.0.0.1:4000=> SET PASSWORD FOR 'admin'@'%' = PASSWORD('admin');
SET
4.给新建用户授权
my:root@127.0.0.1:4000=> grant all on *.* to 'admin'@'%' with grant option;
GRANT
my:root@127.0.0.1:4000=> flush privileges;
FLUSH
5.查看用户列表
my:root@127.0.0.1:4000=> select user,host from mysql.user;
user | host
-------+------
admin | %
root | %
(2 rows)
六、配置外部访问
1.修改端口绑定IP
重新启动测试TiDB 数据库集群
[root@TiDB ~]# tiup playground v6.1.0 --db 2 --pd 3 --kv 3 --host 192.168.3.241
tiup is checking updates for component playground ...timeout!
Starting component `playground`: /root/.tiup/components/playground/v1.11.0/tiup-playground v6.1.0 --db 2 --pd 3 --kv 3 --host 192.168.3.241
Playground Bootstrapping...
Start pd instance:v6.1.0
Start pd instance:v6.1.0
Start pd instance:v6.1.0
Start tikv instance:v6.1.0
Start tikv instance:v6.1.0
Start tikv instance:v6.1.0
Start tidb instance:v6.1.0
Start tidb instance:v6.1.0
Waiting for tidb instances ready
192.168.3.241:4000 ... Done
192.168.3.241:4001 ... Done
Start tiflash instance:v6.1.0
Waiting for tiflash instances ready
192.168.3.241:3930 ... Done
CLUSTER START SUCCESSFULLY, Enjoy it ^-^
To connect TiDB: mysql --comments --host 192.168.3.241 --port 4001 -u root -p (no password)
To connect TiDB: mysql --comments --host 192.168.3.241 --port 4000 -u root -p (no password)
To view the dashboard: http://192.168.3.241:2379/dashboard
PD client endpoints: [192.168.3.241:2379 192.168.3.241:2382 192.168.3.241:2384]
To view the Prometheus: http://192.168.3.241:9090
To view the Grafana: http://192.168.3.241:3000
2.测试远程访问TiDB数据库
[root@node ~]# mysql -h192.168.3.241 -P4000 -uroot -p
Enter password:
Welcome to the MariaDB monitor. Commands end with ; or \\g.
Your MySQL connection id is 413
Server version: 5.7.25-TiDB-v6.1.0 TiDB Server (Apache License 2.0) Community Edition, MySQL 5.7 compatible
Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others.
Type 'help;' or '\\h' for help. Type '\\c' to clear the current input statement.
MySQL [(none)]>
3.访问TiDB的Prometheus管理界面
4.访问TiDB的Grafana 界面
5.访问TiDB Dashboard页面
七、创建测试数据表
1.创建数据库
MySQL [(none)]> create database mydata;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.13 sec)
MySQL [(none)]> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| INFORMATION_SCHEMA |
| METRICS_SCHEMA |
| PERFORMANCE_SCHEMA |
| mydata |
| mysql |
| test |
+--------------------+
6 rows in set (0.01 sec)
2.新建数据表
MySQL [(none)]> use mydata;
Database changed
MySQL [mydata]> CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `student`(
-> `id` INT UNSIGNED AUTO_INCREMENT,
-> `name` VARCHAR(100) NOT NULL,
-> `gender` TINYINT NOT NULL,
-> `age` INT UNSIGNED,
-> `class` INT UNSIGNED,
-> PRIMARY KEY ( `id` )
-> )ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.07 sec)
MySQL [mydata]>
3.查询表中字段
MySQL [mydata]> show columns from student;
+--------+------------------+------+------+---------+----------------+
| Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+--------+------------------+------+------+---------+----------------+
| id | int(10) unsigned | NO | PRI | NULL | auto_increment |
| name | varchar(100) | NO | | NULL | |
| gender | tinyint(4) | NO | | NULL | |
| age | int(10) unsigned | YES | | NULL | |
| class | int(10) unsigned | YES | | NULL | |
+--------+------------------+------+------+---------+----------------+
4.新增字段
MySQL [mydata]> alter table student add course tinyint;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.25 sec)
5.修改字段类型
alter table student modify course VARCHAR(100);
6.向数据表插入数据
MySQL [mydata]> insert into student ( name, gender, age, class, course ) values ( "陈静", "0", "22", "4", "英语" ), ( "王成", "1", "15", "5", "化学" ), ( "李一天", "1", "18", "5", "物理" );
Query OK, 3 rows affected (0.01 sec)
Records: 3 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0
7.查看数据表
MySQL [mydata]> select * from student;
+----+-----------+--------+------+-------+--------+
| id | name | gender | age | class | course |
+----+-----------+--------+------+-------+--------+
| 1 | 陈静 | 0 | 22 | 4 | 英语 |
| 2 | 王成 | 1 | 15 | 5 | 化学 |
| 3 | 李一天 | 1 | 18 | 5 | 物理 |
+----+-----------+--------+------+-------+--------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
八、在TiDB Dashboard界面查询信息
1.查询集群实例状态
2.查询存储拓扑
3.查询流量可视化
4.查看SQL语句分析
5.生成集群诊断报告
九、使用SQLyog查看数据表
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