玩转华为ENSP模拟器系列 | 总部与分支结构之间建立IPSec VdPdNd(总部采用固定IP)

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目标

在实际的应用中,经常需要使用HUB-Spoke类型的组网,即一个总部到多个分支机构的组网,分支节点建立到总部的IPSec隧道,各个分支机构之间的通信由总部节点转发和控制。本举例中采用ISAKMP方式IPSec安全策略与IP固定的分支对接,采用模板方式的IPSec安全策略与IP不固定的分支对接。

组网需求

图1所示,某企业分为总部(HQ)和两个分支机构(Branch 1和Branch 2)。组网如下:

  • 分支机构1和分支机构2分别通过FW_B和FW_C与Internet相连。
  • FW_A和FW_B、FW_A和FW_C相互路由可达。
  • 总部FW_A和分支FW_B为固定公网地址,FW_C为动态公网IP地址。

要求实现如下需求:

  • 分支机构PC2、PC3能与总部PC1之间进行安全通信。
  • FW_A、FW_B以及FW_A、FW_C之间分别建立IPSec隧道。FW_B、FW_C不直接建立任何IPSec连接。

配置思路

  1. 完成接口基本配置、路由配置,并开启安全策略。
  1. 配置IPSec策略。包括配置IPSec策略的基本信息、配置待加密的数据流、配置安全提议的协商参数。

操作步骤

  1. 配置FW_A的基础配置。包括配置接口IP地址、接口加入安全区域、域间安全策略和静态路由。

    1. 配置接口IP地址。
    2. <sysname> system-view
      [sysname] sysname FW_A
      [FW_A] interface gigabitethernet 1 / 0 / 3
      [FW_A-GigabitEthernet1/0/3] ip address 10.1.1.1  24
      [FW_A-GigabitEthernet1/0/3] quit
      [FW_A] interface gigabitethernet 1 / 0 / 1
      [FW_A-GigabitEthernet1/0/1] ip address 1.1.3.1  24
      [FW_A-GigabitEthernet1/0/1] quit
      复制代码
    3. 配置接口加入相应的安全区域。
    4. [FW_A] firewall zone trust
      [FW_A-zone-trust] add interface gigabitethernet 1 / 0 / 3
      [FW_A-zone-trust] quit
      [FW_A] firewall zone untrust
      [FW_A-zone-untrust] add interface gigabitethernet 1 / 0 / 1
      [FW_A-zone-untrust] quit
      复制代码
    5. 配置Trust域与Untrust域之间的域间安全策略。
    6. [FW_A] security-policy
      [FW_A-policy-security] rule name policy1
      [FW_A-policy-security-rule-policy1] source-zone trust
      [FW_A-policy-security-rule-policy1] destination-zone untrust
      [FW_A-policy-security-rule-policy1] source-address 10.1.1.0  24
      [FW_A-policy-security-rule-policy1] destination-address 10.1.2.0  24
      [FW_A-policy-security-rule-policy1] destination-address 10.1.3.0  24
      [FW_A-policy-security-rule-policy1] action permit
      [FW_A-policy-security-rule-policy1] quit
      [FW_A-policy-security] rule name policy2
      [FW_A-policy-security-rule-policy2] source-zone untrust
      [FW_A-policy-security-rule-policy2] destination-zone trust
      [FW_A-policy-security-rule-policy2] source-address 10.1.2.0  24
      [FW_A-policy-security-rule-policy2] source-address 10.1.3.0  24
      [FW_A-policy-security-rule-policy2] destination-address 10.1.1.0  24
      [FW_A-policy-security-rule-policy2] action permit
      [FW_A-policy-security-rule-policy2] quit
      复制代码
    7. 配置Untrust域与Local域之间的域间安全策略。
    8. [FW_A-policy-security] rule name policy3
      [FW_A-policy-security-rule-policy3] source-zone local
      [FW_A-policy-security-rule-policy3] destination-zone untrust
      [FW_A-policy-security-rule-policy3] source-address 1.1.3.1  32
      [FW_A-policy-security-rule-policy3] action permit
      [FW_A-policy-security-rule-policy3] quit
      [FW_A-policy-security] rule name policy4
      [FW_A-policy-security-rule-policy4] source-zone untrust
      [FW_A-policy-security-rule-policy4] destination-zone local
      [FW_A-policy-security-rule-policy4] destination-address 1.1.3.1  32
      [FW_A-policy-security-rule-policy4] action permit
      [FW_A-policy-security-rule-policy4] quit
      [FW_A-policy-security] quit
      复制代码
    9. 配置到达分支机构的静态路由,此处假设下一跳地址为1.1.3.2。
    10. [FW_A] ip route- static  0.0.0.0  0.0.0.0  1.1.3.2
      复制代码
  1. 在FW_A上配置IPSec策略组,并在接口上应用IPSec策略组。

    1. 定义被保护的数据流。

      1. 配置高级ACL 3000,定义总部到分支机构1的数据流。
      2. [FW_A] acl 3000
        [FW_A-acl-adv-3000] rule 5 permit ip source 10.1.1.0  0.0.0.255 destination 10.1.2.0  0.0.0.255
        [FW_A-acl-adv-3000] rule 10 permit ip source 10.1.2.0  0.0.0.255 destination 10.1.3.0  0.0.0.255
        [FW_A-acl-adv-3000] quit
        复制代码
      3. 配置高级ACL 3001,定义总部到分支机构2的数据流。
      4. [FW_A] acl 3001
        [FW_A-acl-adv-3001] rule 5 permit ip source 10.1.1.0  0.0.0.255 destination 10.1.3.0  0.0.0.255
        [FW_A-acl-adv-3001] rule 10 permit ip source 10.1.3.0  0.0.0.255 destination 10.1.2.0  0.0.0.255
        [FW_A-acl-adv-3001] quit
        复制代码
    2. 配置IPSec安全提议。采用默认参数。

    3. [FW_A] ipsec proposal tran1
      [FW_A-ipsec-proposal-tran1] esp authentication-algorithm sha2- 256
      [FW_A-ipsec-proposal-tran1] esp encryption-algorithm aes- 256
      [FW_A-ipsec-proposal-tran1] quit
      复制代码
    4. 配置IKE安全提议。采用默认参数。

    5. [FW_A] ike proposal 10
      [FW_A-ike-proposal-10] authentication-method pre-share
      [FW_A-ike-proposal-10] prf hmac-sha2- 256
      [FW_A-ike-proposal-10] encryption-algorithm aes- 256
      [FW_A-ike-proposal-10] dh group2
      [FW_A-ike-proposal-10] integrity-algorithm hmac-sha2- 256
      [FW_A-ike-proposal-10] quit
      复制代码
    6. 配置IKE Peer。

      1. 配置名称为b的IKE Peer。
      2. [FW_A] ike peer b
        [FW_A-ike-peer-b] ike-proposal 10
        [FW_A-ike-peer-b] remote-address 1.1.5.1
        [FW_A-ike-peer-b] pre-shared-key Test ! 1234
        [FW_A-ike-peer-b] quit
        复制代码
      3. 配置名称为c的IKE Peer。
      4. [FW_A] ike peer c
        [FW_A-ike-peer-c] ike-proposal 10
        [FW_A-ike-peer-c] pre-shared-key Test ! 1234
        [FW_A-ike-peer-c] quit
        复制代码
    7. 配置IPSec策略组map1的序号为10的IPSec策略。

    8. [FW_A] ipsec policy map1 10 isakmp
      [FW_A-ipsec-policy-isakmp-map1-10] security acl 3000
      [FW_A-ipsec-policy-isakmp-map1-10] proposal tran1
      [FW_A-ipsec-policy-isakmp-map1-10] ike-peer b
      [FW_A-ipsec-policy-isakmp-map1-10] quit
      复制代码
    9. 配置名称为map_temp序号为1的IPSec策略模板。

    10. [FW_A] ipsec policy-template map_temp 1
      [FW_A-ipsec-policy-templet-map_temp-1] security acl 3001
      [FW_A-ipsec-policy-templet-map_temp-1] proposal tran1
      [FW_A-ipsec-policy-templet-map_temp-1] ike-peer c
      [FW_A-ipsec-policy-templet-map_temp-1] quit
      复制代码
    11. 在IPSec策略组map1的序号为20的安全策略中引用IPSec策略模板map_temp。

    12. [FW_A] ipsec policy map1 20 isakmp template map_temp
      复制代码
    13. 在接口GE1/0/1上应用IPSec策略组map1。

    14. [FW_A] interface gigabitethernet 1 / 0 / 1
      [FW_A-GigabitEthernet1/0/1] ipsec policy map1
      [FW_A-GigabitEthernet1/0/1] quit
      复制代码
  1. 配置FW_B的基础配置。

    1. 配置接口IP地址,并将接口加入域。

      1. 配置接口IP地址。
      2. <sysname> system-view
        [sysname] sysname FW_B
        [FW_B] interface gigabitethernet 1 / 0 / 3
        [FW_B-GigabitEthernet1/0/3] ip address 10.1.2.1  24
        [FW_B-GigabitEthernet1/0/3] quit
        [FW_B] interface gigabitethernet 1 / 0 / 1
        [FW_B-GigabitEthernet1/0/1] ip address 1.1.5.1  24
        [FW_B-GigabitEthernet1/0/1] quit
        复制代码
      3. 将接口GE1/0/3加入Trust区域,接口GE1/0/1加入Untrust区域
      4. [FW_B] firewall zone trust
        [FW_B-zone-trust] add interface gigabitethernet 1 / 0 / 3
        [FW_B-zone-trust] quit
        [FW_B] firewall zone untrust
        [FW_B-zone-untrust] add interface gigabitethernet 1 / 0 / 1
        [FW_B-zone-untrust] quit
        复制代码
    2. 配置域间安全策略。

      1. 配置Trust域与Untrust域之间的域间安全策略。
      2. [FW_B] security-policy
        [FW_B-policy-security] rule name policy1
        [FW_B-policy-security-rule-policy1] source-zone trust
        [FW_B-policy-security-rule-policy1] destination-zone untrust
        [FW_B-policy-security-rule-policy1] source-address 10.1.2.0  24
        [FW_B-policy-security-rule-policy1] destination-address 10.1.1.0  24
        [FW_B-policy-security-rule-policy1] action permit
        [FW_B-policy-security-rule-policy1] quit
        [FW_B-policy-security] rule name policy2
        [FW_B-policy-security-rule-policy2] source-zone untrust
        [FW_B-policy-security-rule-policy2] destination-zone trust
        [FW_B-policy-security-rule-policy2] source-address 10.1.1.0  24
        [FW_B-policy-security-rule-policy2] destination-address 10.1.2.0  24
        [FW_B-policy-security-rule-policy2] action permit
        [FW_B-policy-security-rule-policy2] quit
        复制代码
      3. 配置Untrust域与Local域之间的域间安全策略。
      4. [FW_B-policy-security] rule name policy3
        [FW_B-policy-security-rule-policy3] source-zone local
        [FW_B-policy-security-rule-policy3] destination-zone untrust
        [FW_B-policy-security-rule-policy3] source-address 1.1.5.1  32
        [FW_B-policy-security-rule-policy3] destination-address 1.1.3.1  32
        [FW_B-policy-security-rule-policy3] action permit
        [FW_B-policy-security-rule-policy3] quit
        [FW_B-policy-security] rule name policy4
        [FW_B-policy-security-rule-policy4] source-zone untrust
        [FW_B-policy-security-rule-policy4] destination-zone local
        [FW_B-policy-security-rule-policy4] source-address 1.1.3.1  32
        [FW_B-policy-security-rule-policy4] destination-address 1.1.5.1  32
        [FW_B-policy-security-rule-policy4] action permit
        [FW_B-policy-security-rule-policy4] quit
        [FW_B-policy-security] quit
        复制代码
    3. 配置到达总部和其他私网的静态路由,此处假设下一跳地址为1.1.5.2。

    4. [FW_B] ip route- static  0.0.0.0  0.0.0.0  1.1.5.2
      复制代码
  1. 在FW_B上配置IPSec策略,并在接口上应用IPSec策略。

    1. 定义被保护的数据流。
    2. [FW_B] acl 3000
      [FW_B-acl-adv-3000] rule 5 permit ip source 10.1.2.0  0.0.0.255 destination 10.1.1.0  0.0.0.255
      [FW_B-acl-adv-3000] rule 10 permit ip source 10.1.2.0  0.0.0.255 destination 10.1.3.0  0.0.0.255
      [FW_B-acl-adv-3000] quit
      复制代码
    3. 配置名称为tran1的IPSec安全提议。采用默认参数。
    4. [FW_B] ipsec proposal tran1
      [FW_B-ipsec-proposal-tran1] esp authentication-algorithm sha2- 256
      [FW_B-ipsec-proposal-tran1] esp encryption-algorithm aes- 256
      [FW_B-ipsec-proposal-tran1] quit
      复制代码
    5. 配置序号为10的IKE安全提议。采用默认参数。
    6. [FW_B] ike proposal 10
      [FW_B-ike-proposal-10] authentication-method pre-share
      [FW_B-ike-proposal-10] prf hmac-sha2- 256
      [FW_B-ike-proposal-10] encryption-algorithm aes- 256
      [FW_B-ike-proposal-10] dh group2
      [FW_B-ike-proposal-10] integrity-algorithm hmac-sha2- 256  
      [FW_B-ike-proposal-10] quit
      复制代码
    7. 配置IKE Peer。
    8. [FW_B] ike peer a
      [FW_B-ike-peer-a] ike-proposal 10
      [FW_B-ike-peer-a] remote-address 1.1.3.1
      [FW_B-ike-peer-a] pre-shared-key Test ! 1234
      [FW_B-ike-peer-a] quit
      复制代码
    9. 配置名称为map1序号为10的IPSec策略。
    10. [FW_B] ipsec policy map1 10 isakmp
      [FW_B-ipsec-policy-isakmp-map1-10] security acl 3000
      [FW_B-ipsec-policy-isakmp-map1-10] proposal tran1
      [FW_B-ipsec-policy-isakmp-map1-10] ike-peer a
      [FW_B-ipsec-policy-isakmp-map1-10] quit
      复制代码
    11. 在GE1/0/1接口上应用IPSec策略map1。
    12. [FW_B] interface gigabitethernet 1 / 0 / 1
      [FW_B-GigabitEthernet1/0/1] ipsec policy map1
      [FW_B-GigabitEthernet1/0/1] quit
      复制代码
  1. 配置FW_C的基础配置。

    1. 配置接口IP地址,并将接口加入域。

      1. 配置GE1/0/3的IP地址为10.1.3.1/24;配置GE1/0/1通过DHCP动态获取IP地址。
      2. <sysname> system-view
        [sysname] sysname FW_C
        [FW_C] interface gigabitethernet 1 / 0 / 3
        [FW_C-GigabitEthernet1/0/3] ip address 10.1.2.1  24
        [FW_C-GigabitEthernet1/0/3] quit
        [FW_C] interface gigabitethernet 1 / 0 / 1
        [FW_C-GigabitEthernet1/0/1] ip address dhcp-alloc
        [FW_C-GigabitEthernet1/0/1] quit
        复制代码
      3. 将接口GE1/0/3加入Trust区域,接口GE1/0/1加入Untrust区域
      4. [FW_C] firewall zone trust
        [FW_C-zone-trust] add interface gigabitethernet 1 / 0 / 3
        [FW_C-zone-trust] quit
        [FW_C] firewall zone untrust
        [FW_C-zone-untrust] add interface gigabitethernet 1 / 0 / 1
        [FW_C-zone-untrust] quit
        复制代码
    2. 配置域间安全策略。

      1. 配置Trust域与Untrust域之间的域间安全策略。
      2. [FW_C] security-policy
        [FW_C-policy-security] rule name policy1
        [FW_C-policy-security-rule-policy1] source-zone trust
        [FW_C-policy-security-rule-policy1] destination-zone untrust
        [FW_C-policy-security-rule-policy1] source-address 10.1.3.0  24
        [FW_C-policy-security-rule-policy1] destination-address 10.1.1.0  24
        [FW_C-policy-security-rule-policy1] action permit
        [FW_C-policy-security-rule-policy1] quit
        [FW_B-policy-security] rule name policy2
        [FW_C-policy-security-rule-policy2] source-zone untrust
        [FW_C-policy-security-rule-policy2] destination-zone trust
        [FW_C-policy-security-rule-policy2] source-address 10.1.1.0  24
        [FW_C-policy-security-rule-policy2] destination-address 10.1.3.0  24
        [FW_C-policy-security-rule-policy2] action permit
        [FW_C-policy-security-rule-policy2] quit
        复制代码
      3. 配置Untrust域与Local域之间的域间安全策略。
      4. [FW_C-policy-security] rule name policy3
        [FW_C-policy-security-rule-policy3] source-zone local
        [FW_C-policy-security-rule-policy3] destination-zone untrust
        [FW_C-policy-security-rule-policy3] destination-address 1.1.3.1  32
        [FW_C-policy-security-rule-policy3] destination-address 1.1.3.1  32
        [FW_C-policy-security-rule-policy3] action permit
        [FW_C-policy-security-rule-policy3] quit
        [FW_C-policy-security] rule name policy4
        [FW_C-policy-security-rule-policy4] source-zone untrust
        [FW_C-policy-security-rule-policy4] destination-zone local
        [FW_C-policy-security-rule-policy4] source-address 1.1.3.1  32
        [FW_C-policy-security-rule-policy4] action permit
        [FW_C-policy-security-rule-policy4] quit
        [FW_C-policy-security] quit
        复制代码
    3. 配置到达总部和其他私网的静态路由。

    4. [FW_C] ip route- static  0.0.0.0  0.0.0.0  GigabitEthernet  1 / 0 / 1
      复制代码
  1. 在FW_C上配置IPSec策略,并在接口上应用此安全策略。

    1. 定义被保护的数据流。
    2. [FW_C] acl 3000
      [FW_C-acl-adv-3000] rule 5 permit ip source 10.1.3.0  0.0.0.255 destination 10.1.1.0  0.0.0.255
      [FW_C-acl-adv-3000] rule 10 permit ip source 10.1.3.0  0.0.0.255 destination 10.1.2.0  0.0.0.255
      [FW_C-acl-adv-3000] quit
      复制代码
    3. 配置名称为tran1的IPSec安全提议。采用默认参数。
    4. [FW_C] ipsec proposal tran1
      [FW_C-ipsec-proposal-tran1] esp authentication-algorithm sha2- 256
      [FW_C-ipsec-proposal-tran1] esp encryption-algorithm aes- 256
      [FW_C-ipsec-proposal-tran1] quit
      复制代码
    5. 配置序号为10的IKE安全提议。采用默认参数。
    6. [FW_C] ike proposal 10
      [FW_C-ike-proposal-10] authentication-method pre-share
      [FW_C-ike-proposal-10] prf hmac-sha2- 256
      [FW_C-ike-proposal-10] encryption-algorithm aes- 256
      [FW_C-ike-proposal-10] dh group2
      [FW_C-ike-proposal-10] integrity-algorithm hmac-sha2- 256  
      [FW_C-ike-proposal-10] quit
      复制代码
    7. 配置IKE Peer。
    8. [FW_C] ike peer a
      [FW_C-ike-peer-a] ike-proposal 10
      [FW_C-ike-peer-a] remote-address 1.1.3.1
      [FW_C-ike-peer-a] pre-shared-key Test ! 1234
      [FW_C-ike-peer-a] quit
      复制代码
    9. 配置名称为map1序号为10的IPSec策略。
    10. [FW_C] ipsec policy map1 10 isakmp
      [FW_C-ipsec-policy-isakmp-map1-10] security acl 3000
      [FW_C-ipsec-policy-isakmp-map1-10] proposal tran1
      [FW_C-ipsec-policy-isakmp-map1-10] ike-peer c
      [FW_C-ipsec-policy-isakmp-map1-10] quit
      复制代码
    11. 在GE1/0/1接口上应用IPSec策略map1。
    12. [FW_C] interface gigabitethernet 1 / 0 / 1
      [FW_C-GigabitEthernet1/0/1] ipsec policy map1
      [FW_C-GigabitEthernet1/0/1] quit
      复制代码

结果验证

  1. 配置完成后,PC2、PC1可以互相访问,双方都可以触发建立IPSec SA。PC3能够主动访问PC1,只有PC3的FW_C能够触发IPSec SA,之后PC1能够访问到PC3,在PC3能够访问PC1之后,PC2与PC3能够实现互访。
  1. 在总部防火墙FW_A上可以查看到两对IKE SA。
<FW_A> display ike sa       
                                                                                
Ike sa information :                                                            
    Conn-ID       Peer            VPN             Flag(s)                Phase
  ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    50336907      1.1.5.1                         RD|ST|A                v2:2 
    50336906      1.1.5.1                         RD|ST|A                v2:1
    33554436      1.1.6.254                       RD|A                   v2:2
    33554435      1.1.6.254                       RD|A                   v2:1
                                                                                
  Number of SA entries  : 4                                                     
                                                                                
  Number of SA entries of all cpu : 4                                           
                                                                                
  Flag Description:                                                             
  RD--READY   ST--STAYALIVE   RL--REPLACED   FD--FADING   TO--TIMEOUT           
  HRT--HEARTBEAT   LKG--LAST KNOWN GOOD SEQ NO.   BCK--BACKED UP                
  M--ACTIVE   S--STANDBY   A--ALONE  NEG--NEGOTIATING
复制代码
  1. 分支FW_B和FW_C上可以查看到对端为总部的IKE SA。下面以FW_B为例进行说明。
<FW_B> display ike sa      
                                                                                
Ike sa information :                                                            
    Conn-ID       Peer            VPN             Flag(s)                Phase
  ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    16782416      1.1.3.1                         RD|A                   v2:2
    16782415      1.1.3.1                         RD|A                   v2:1
                                                                                
  Number of SA entries  : 2                                                     
                                                                                
  Number of SA entries of all cpu : 2                                           
                                                                                
  Flag Description:                                                             
  RD--READY   ST--STAYALIVE   RL--REPLACED   FD--FADING   TO--TIMEOUT           
  HRT--HEARTBEAT   LKG--LAST KNOWN GOOD SEQ NO.   BCK--BACKED UP                
  M--ACTIVE   S--STANDBY   A--ALONE  NEG--NEGOTIATING
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  1. 在总部FW_A上可以查看到两对双向的IPSec SA,分别是对应两个分支FW_B和FW_C。
<FW_A> display ipsec sa brief
                                                                                
Current ipsec sa num:4
Number of SAs:4
    Src address   Dst address      SPI        VPN  Protocol     Algorithm       
------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
    1.1.6.254       1.1.3.1       4001819557        ESP      E:AES-256 A:SHA2-256-128
    1.1.5.1         1.1.3.1       3923280450        ESP      E:AES-256 A:SHA2-256-128
    1.1.3.1         1.1.6.254     4249128694        ESP      E:AES-256 A:SHA2-256-128
    1.1.3.1         1.1.5.1       787858613         ESP      E:AES-256 A:SHA2-256-128
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  1. 分支节点FW_B和FW_C上可以查看到FW_A的一对反向IPSec SA。下面以FW_B上的显示为例。
<FW_B> display ipsec sa brief
Current ipsec sa num:2                                                          
Number of SAs:2
    Src address   Dst address     SPI      VPN  Protocol     Algorithm       
------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
     1.1.5.1        1.1.3.1    3923280450         ESP       E:AES-256 A:SHA2-256-128
     1.1.3.1        1.1.5.1    787858613          ESP       E:AES-256 A:SHA2-256-128


 

 

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