matlab实用程序
Posted ChenYuanshen
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1. 表面图形：
h0=figure('toolbar','none',...
'position',[200 150 550 250],...
'name','实例31');
subplot(1,2,1)
x=rand(100,1)*16-8;
y=rand(100,1)*16-8;
r=sqrt(x.^2+y.^2)+eps;
z=sin(r)./r;
xlin=linspace(min(x),max(x),33);
ylin=linspace(min(y),max(y),33);
[X,Y]=meshgrid(xlin,ylin);
Z=griddata(x,y,z,X,Y,'cubic');
mesh(X,Y,Z)
axis tight
hold on
plot3(x,y,z,'.','Markersize',20)
subplot(1,2,2)
k=5;
n=2^k-1;
theta=pi*(-n:2:n)/n;
phi=(pi/2)*(-n:2:n)'/n;
X=cos(phi)*cos(theta);
Y=cos(phi)*sin(theta);
Z=sin(phi)*ones(size(theta));
colormap([0 0 0;1 1 1])
C=hadamard(2^k);
surf(X,Y,Z,C)
axis square
2. 沿曲线移动的小球
h0=figure('toolbar','none',...
'position',[198 56 408 468],...
'name','实例32');
h1=axes('parent',h0,...
'position',[0.15 0.45 0.7 0.5],...
'visible','on');
t=0:pi/24:4*pi;
y=sin(t);
plot(t,y,'b')
n=length(t);
h=line('color',[0 0.5 0.5],...
'linestyle','.',...
'markersize',25,...
'erasemode','xor');
k1=uicontrol('parent',h0,...
'style','pushbutton',...
'position',[80 100 50 30],...
'string','开始',...
'callback',[...
'i=1;',...
'k=1;,',...
'm=0;,',...
'while 1,',...
'if k==0,',...
'break,',...
'end,',...
'if k~=0,',...
'set(h,''xdata'',t(i),''ydata'',y(i)),',...
'drawnow;,',...
'i=i+1;,',...
'if i>n,',...
'm=m+1;,',...
'i=1;,',...
'end,',...
'end,',...
'end']);
k2=uicontrol('parent',h0,...
'style','pushbutton',...
'position',[180 100 50 30],...
'string','停止',...
'callback',[...
'k=0;,',...
'set(e1,''string'',m),',...
'p=get(h,''xdata'');,',...
'q=get(h,''ydata'');,',...
'set(e2,''string'',p);,',...
'set(e3,''string'',q)']);
k3=uicontrol('parent',h0,...
'style','pushbutton',...
'position',[280 100 50 30],...
'string','关闭',...
'callback','close');
e1=uicontrol('parent',h0,...
'style','edit',...
'position',[60 30 60 20]);
t1=uicontrol('parent',h0,...
'style','text',...
'string','循环次数',...
'position',[60 50 60 20]);
e2=uicontrol('parent',h0,...
'style','edit',...
'position',[180 30 50 20]);
t2=uicontrol('parent',h0,...
'style','text',...
'string','终点的X坐标值',...
'position',[155 50 100 20]);
e3=uicontrol('parent',h0,...
'style','edit',...
'position',[300 30 50 20]);
t3=uicontrol('parent',h0,...
'style','text',...
'string','终点的Y坐标值',...
'position',[275 50 100 20]);
h0=figure('toolbar','none',...
'position',[200 150 450 250],...
'name','实例33');
x=0:0.5:2*pi;
y=sin(x);
h=plot(x,y);
grid on
huidiao=[...
'if i==1,',...
'i=0;,',...
'y=cos(x);,',...
'delete(h),',...
'set(hm,''string'',''正弦函数''),',...
'h=plot(x,y);,',...
'grid on,',...
'else if i==0,',...
'i=1;,',...
'y=sin(x);,',...
'set(hm,''string'',''余弦函数''),',...
'delete(h),',...
'h=plot(x,y);,',...
'grid on,',...
'end,',...
'end'];
hm=uicontrol(gcf,'style','pushbutton',...
'string','余弦函数',...
'callback',huidiao);
i=1;
set(hm,'position',[250 20 60 20]);
set(gca,'position',[0.2 0.2 0.6 0.6])
title('按钮的使用')
hold on
4. 栅格控制按钮：
h0=figure('toolbar','none',...
'position',[200 150 450 250],...
'name','实例34');
x=0:0.5:2*pi;
y=sin(x);
plot(x,y)
huidiao1=[...
'set(h_toggle2,''value'',0),',...
'grid on,',...
];
huidiao2=[...
'set(h_toggle1,''value'',0),',...
'grid off,',...
];
h_toggle1=uicontrol(gcf,'style','togglebutton',...
'string','grid on',...
'value',0,...
'position',[20 45 50 20],...
'callback',huidiao1);
h_toggle2=uicontrol(gcf,'style','togglebutton',...
'string','grid off',...
'value',0,...
'position',[20 20 50 20],...
'callback',huidiao2);
set(gca,'position',[0.2 0.2 0.6 0.6])
title('开关按钮的使用')
5. 编辑框的使用
h0=figure('toolbar','none',...
'position',[200 150 350 250],...
'name','实例35');
f='Please input the letter';
huidiao1=[...
'g=upper(f);,',...
'set(h2_edit,''string'',g),',...
];
huidiao2=[...
'g=lower(f);,',...
'set(h2_edit,''string'',g),',...
];
h1_edit=uicontrol(gcf,'style','edit',...
'position',[100 200 100 50],...
'HorizontalAlignment','left',...
'string','Please input the letter',...
'callback','f=get(h1_edit,''string'');',...
'background','w',...
'max',5,...
'min',1);
h2_edit=uicontrol(gcf,'style','edit',...
'HorizontalAlignment','left',...
'position',[100 100 100 50],...
'background','w',...
'max',5,...
'min',1);
h1_button=uicontrol(gcf,'style','pushbutton',...
'string','小写变大写',...
'position',[100 45 100 20],...
'callback',huidiao1);
h2_button=uicontrol(gcf,'style','pushbutton',...
'string','大写变小写',...
'position',[100 20 100 20],...
'callback',huidiao2);
6. 下拉框的使用：
h0=figure('toolbar','none',...
'position',[200 150 450 250],...
'name','实例36');
x=0:0.5:2*pi;
y=sin(x);
h=plot(x,y);
grid on
hm=uicontrol(gcf,'style','popupmenu',...
'string',...
'sin(x)|cos(x)|sin(x)+cos(x)|exp(-sin(x))',...
'position',[250 20 100 50]);
set(hm,'value',1)
huidiao=[...
'v=get(hm,''value'');,',...
'switch v,',...
'case 1,',...
'delete(h),',...
'y=sin(x);,',...
'h=plot(x,y);,',...
'grid on,',...
'case 2,',...
'delete(h),',...
'y=cos(x);,',...
'h=plot(x,y);,',...
'grid on,',...
'case 3,',...
'delete(h),',...
'y=sin(x)+cos(x);,',...
'h=plot(x,y);,',...
'grid on,',...
'case 4,',...
'delete(h),',...
'y=exp(-sin(x));,',...
'h=plot(x,y);,',...
'grid on,',...
'end'];
set(hm,'callback',huidiao)
set(gca,'position',[0.2 0.2 0.6 0.6])
title('弹出式菜单的使用')
7. 滑标的使用：
h0=figure('toolbar','none',...
'position',[200 150 450 250],...
'name','实例37');
[x,y]=meshgrid(-8:0.5:8);
r=sqrt(x.^2+y.^2)+eps;
z=sin(r)./r;
h0=mesh(x,y,z);
h1=axes('position',...
[0.2 0.2 0.5 0.5],...
'visible','off');
htext=uicontrol(gcf,...
'units','points',...
'position',[20 30 45 15],...
'string','brightness',...
'style','text');
hslider=uicontrol(gcf,...
'units','points',...
'position',[10 10 300 15],...
'min',-1,...
'max',1,...
'style','slider',...
'callback',...
'brighten(get(hslider,''value''))');
8. 多选菜单：
h0=figure('toolbar','none',...
'position',[200 150 450 250],...
'name','实例38');
[x,y]=meshgrid(-8:0.5:8);
r=sqrt(x.^2+y.^2)+eps;
z=sin(r)./r;
h0=mesh(x,y,z);
hlist=uicontrol(gcf,'style','listbox',...
'string','default|spring|summer|autumn|winter',...
'max',5,...
'min',1,...
'position',[20 20 80 100],...
'callback',[...
'k=get(hlist,''value'');,',...
'switch k,',...
'case 1,',...
'colormap default,',...
'case 2,',...
'colormap spring,',...
'case 3,',...
'colormap summer,',...
'case 4,',...
'colormap autumn,',...
'case 5,',...
'colormap winter,',...
'end']);
9. 菜单控制：
h0=figure('toolbar','none',...
'position',[200 150 450 250],...
'name','实例39');
x=0:0.5:2*pi;
y=cos(x);
h=plot(x,y);
grid on
set(gcf,'toolbar','none')
hm=uimenu('label','example');
huidiao1=[...
'set(hm_gridon,''checked'',''on''),',...
'set(hm_gridoff,''checked'',''off''),',...
'grid on'];
huidiao2=[...
'set(hm_gridoff,''checked'',''on''),',...
'set(hm_gridon,''checked'',''off''),',...
'grid off'];
hm_gridon=uimenu(hm,'label','grid on',...
'checked','on',...
'callback',huidiao1);
hm_gridoff=uimenu(hm,'label','grid off',...
'checked','off',...
'callback',huidiao2);
10. UIMENU菜单的应用
h0=figure('toolbar','none',...
'position',[200 150 450 250],...
'name','实例40');
h1=uimenu(gcf,'label','函数');
h11=uimenu(h1,'label','轮廓图',...
'callback',[...
'set(h31,''checked'',''on''),',...
'set(h32,''checked'',''off''),',...
'[x,y,z]=peaks;,',...
'contour3(x,y,z,30)']);
h12=uimenu(h1,'label','高斯分布',...
'callback',[...
'set(h31,''checked'',''on''),',...
'set(h32,''checked'',''off''),',...
'mesh(peaks);,',...
'axis tight']);
h13=uimenu(h1,'label','Sinc函数',...
'callback',[...
'set(h31,''checked'',''on''),',...
'set(h32,''checked'',''off''),',...
'[x,y]=meshgrid(-8:0.5:8);,',...
'r=sqrt(x.^2+y.^2)+eps;,',...
'z=sin(r)./r;,',...
'mesh(x,y,z)']);
h2=uimenu(gcf,'label','色彩');
hl2(1)=uimenu(h2,'label','Default',...
'checked','on',...
'callback',...
[...
'set(hl2,''checked'',''off''),',...
'set(hl2(1),''checked'',''on''),',...
'colormap(''default'')']);
hl2(2)=uimenu(h2,'label','spring',...
'callback',...
[...
'set(hl2,''checked'',''off''),',...
'set(hl2(2),''checked'',''on''),',...
'colormap(spring)']);
hl2(3)=uimenu(h2,'label','Summer',...
'callback',...
[...
'set(hl2,''checked'',''off''),',...
'set(hl2(3),''checked'',''on''),',...
'colormap(summer)']);
hl2(4)=uimenu(h2,'label','Autumn',...
'callback',...
[...
'set(hl2,''checked'',''off''),',...
'set(hl2(4),''checked'',''on''),',...
'colormap(autumn)']);
hl2(5)=uimenu(h2,'label','Winter',...
'callback',...
[...
'set(hl2,''checked'',''off''),',...
'set(hl2(5),''checked'',''on''),',...
'colormap(winter)']);
h3=uimenu(gcf,'label','坐标选项');
h31=uimenu(h3,'label','Axis on',...
'callback',...
[...
'axis on,',...
'set(h31,''checked'',''on''),',...
'set(h32,''checked'',''off'')']);
h32=uimenu(h3,'label','Axis off',...
'callback',...
[...
'axis off,',...
'set(h32,''checked'',''on''),',...
'set(h31,''checked'',''off'')']);
h=figure('toolbar','none',...
'position',[200 150 450 250],...
'name','实例41');
h1=uicontrol(gcf,'style','edit',...
'position',[80 200 100 20],...
'HorizontalAlignment','right',...
'callback',['m=get(h1,''string'');,',...
'a=str2num(m);']);
h2=uicontrol(gcf,'style','edit',...
'HorizontalAlignment','right',...
'position',[80 150 100 20],...
'callback',['n=get(h2,''string'');,',...
'b=str2num(n);']);
h3=uicontrol(gcf,'style','text',...
'string','被除数',...
'position',[80 230 100 20]);
h4=uicontrol(gcf,'style','edit',...
'position',[80 50 100 20]);
h5=uicontrol(gcf,'style','pushbutton',...
'position',[80 100 100 20],...
'string','=',...
'callback',[...
'if b==0,',...
'h7=errordlg(''除数不能为0！'',''error'',''on'');,',...
'else,',...
'k=a/b;,',...
'c=num2str(k);,',...
'set(h4,''string'',c),',...
'end']);
h8=uicontrol(gcf,'style','text',...
'string','除数',...
'position',[80 175 100 20]);
h9=uicontrol(gcf,'style','text',...
'string','商',...
'position',[80 75 100 20]);
11. 单选框的使用
h0=figure('toolbar','none',...
'position',[200 150 450 250],...
'name','实例42');
x=0:0.5:2*pi;
y=sin(x);
plot(x,y)
grid on
set(gcf,'toolbar','none')
g=set(gca,'position',[0.2 0.2 0.6 0.6]);
huidiao1=[...
'grid on,',...
'set(box_on,''value'',1),',...
'set(box_off,''value'',0),'];
huidiao2=[...
'grid off,',...
'set(box_off,''value'',1),',...
'set(box_on,''value'',0),'];
box_on=uicontrol(gcf,'style','radio',...
'position',[5 50 50 20],...
'string','grid on',...
'value',1,...
'callback',huidiao1);
box_off=uicontrol(gcf,'style','radio',...
'position',[5 20 50 20],...
'string','grid off',...
'value',0,...
'callback',huidiao2);
title('无线按钮的使用')12. 添加环境效果
h0=figure('toolbar','none',...
'position',[198 56 450 468],...
'name','实例43');
h1=axes('parent',h0,...
'position',[0.15 0.45 0.7 0.5],...
'visible','off');
sphere
h=findobj('type','surface');
shading interp
axis equal
l=light('position',[0 -2 1]);
k(1)=get(h,'specularstrength');
k(2)=get(h,'diffusestrength');
k(3)=get(h,'specularexponent');
k(4)=get(h,'specularcolorreflectance');
u1=uimenu('parent',h0,...
'label','灯光效果',...
'tag','u1',...
'backgroundcolor',[0.75 0.75 0.75]);
u11=uimenu('parent',u1,...
'label','gouraud',...
'tag','u11',...
'backgroundcolor',[0.75 0.75 0.75],...
'callback',[...
'set(u11,''checked'',''on'');,',...
'set(u12,''checked'',''off'');,',...
'set(h,''facelighting'',''gouraud'')']);
u12=uimenu('parent',u1,...
'label','phong',...
'tag','u12',...
'backgroundcolor',[0.75 0.75 0.75],...
'callback',[...
'set(u11,''checked'',''off'');,',...
'set(u12,''checked'',''on'');,',...
'set(h,''facelighting'',''gouraud'')']);
u2=uimenu('parent',h0,...
'label','背面灯光',...
'tag','u2',...
'backgroundcolor',[0.75 0.75 0.75]);
u21=uimenu('parent',u2,...
'label','reverselit',...
'tag','u21',...
'checked','on',...
'backgroundcolor',[0.75 0.75 0.75],...
'callback',[...
'set(u21,''checked'',''on'');,',...
'set(u22,''checked'',''off'');,',...
'set(h,''backfacelighting'',''reverselit'')']);
u22=uimenu('parent',u2,...
'label','reverselit',...
'tag','u22',...
'backgroundcolor',[0.75 0.75 0.75],...
'callback',[...
'set(u21,''checked'',''off'');,',...
'set(u22,''checked'',''on'');,',...
'set(h,''backfacelighting'',''reverselit'')']);
s1=uicontrol('parent',h0,...
'units','points',...
'style','slider',...
'tag','s1',...
'min',0,...
'max',1,...
'value',k(1),...
'position',[20 80 100 15],...
'callback',[...
's1value=get(s1,''value'');,',...
'set(h,''specularstrength'',s1value)']);
t1=uicontrol('parent',h0,...
'units','points',...
'style','text',...
'tag','t1',...
'string','镜面反射强度',...
'position',[20 97 100 15]);
s2=uicontrol('parent',h0,...
'units','points',...
'style','slider',...
'tag','s2',...
'min',0,...
'max',1,...
'value',k(2),...
'position',[20 30 100 15],...
'callback',[...
's2value=get(s2,''value'');,',...
'set(h,''diffusestrength'',s2value)']);
t2=uicontrol('parent',h0,...
'units','points',...
'style','text',...
'tag','t2',...
'string','漫反射强度',...
'position',[20 47 100 15]);
s3=uicontrol('parent',h0,...
'units','points',...
'style','slider',...
'tag','s3',...
'min',0.1,...
'max',1,...
'value',k(3)/20,...
'position',[220 80 100 15],...
'callback',[...
's3value=get(s3,''value'')+eps;,',...
'set(h,''specularexponent'',20*s3value)']);
t3=uicontrol('parent',h0,...
'units','points',...
'style','text',...
'tag','t3',...
'string','镜面指数',...
'position',[220 97 100 15]);
s4=uicontrol('parent',h0,...
'units','points',...
'style','slider',...
'tag','s4',...
'min',0,...
'max',1,...
'value',k(4),...
'position',[220 30 100 15],...
'callback',[...
's4value=get(s4,''value'');,',...
'set(h,''specularcolorreflectance'',s4value)']);
t4=uicontrol('parent',h0,...
'units','points',...
'style','text',...
'tag','t1',...
'string','镜面颜色反射比',...
'position',[220 47 100 15]);
b1=uicontrol('parent',h0,...
'units','points',...
'style','pushbutton',...
'tag','b1',...
'string','关闭',...
'position',[145 45 50 30],...
'callback','close');
13. 改变坐标轴范围
h0=figure('toolbar','none',...
'position',[198 56 408 468],...
'name','实例44');
h1=axes('parent',h0,...
'position',[0.15 0.45 0.7 0.5],...
'visible','on');
e1=uicontrol('parent',h0,...
'style','edit',...
'string',1,...
'position',[50 120 50 20]);
t1=uicontrol('parent',h0,...
'style','text',...
'string','X轴最小值',...
'position',[35 150 80 20]);
e2=uicontrol('parent',h0,...
'style','edit',...
'string',5,...
'position',[50 60 50 20]);
t2=uicontrol('parent',h0,...
'style','text',...
'string','X轴最大值',...
'position',[35 90 80 20]);
e3=uicontrol('parent',h0,...
'style','edit',...
'string',1,...
'position',[150 120 50 20]);
t3=uicontrol('parent',h0,...
'style','text',...
'string','Y轴最小值',...
'position',[135 150 80 20]);
e4=uicontrol('parent',h0,...
'style','edit',...
'string',5,...
'position',[150 60 50 20]);
t4=uicontrol('parent',h0,...
'style','text',...
'string','Y轴最大值',...
'position',[135 90 80 20]);
e5=uicontrol('parent',h0,...
'style','edit',...
'string',20,...
'position',[250 120 50 20]);
t5=uicontrol('parent',h0,...
'style','text',...
'horizontalalignment','left',...
'string','点数',...
'position',[250 150 30 20]);
b1=uicontrol('parent',h0,...
'style','pushbutton',...
'string','绘图',...
'position',[250 60 60 40],...
'callback',[...
'a=str2num(get(e1,''string''));,',...
'b=str2num(get(e2,''string''));,',...
'c=str2num(get(e3,''string''));,',...
'd=str2num(get(e4,''string''));,',...
'n=str2num(get(e5,''string''));,',...
'xgrid=linspace(-abs(a),abs(a),n);,',...
'ygrid=linspace(-abs(b),abs(b),n);,',...
'[x,y]=meshgrid(xgrid,ygrid);,',...
'z=c*sqrt(d-y.*y/b/b-x.*x/a/a);,',...
'u=1;,',...
'z1=real(z);,',...
'for k=2:n-1,',...
'for j=2:n-1,',...
'if imag(z(k,j))~=0,',...
'z1(k,j)=0;,',...
'end,',...
'if all(imag(z([k-1:k+1],[j-1:j+1])))~=0,',...
'z1(k,j)=nan;,',...
'end,',...
'end,',...
'end,',...
'surf(x,y,z1),',...
'hold on,',...
'if u==1,',...
'z2=-z1;,',...
'surf(x,y,z2),',...
'axis([-abs(a),abs(a),-abs(b),abs(b),-abs(c),abs(c)]);,',...
'end,',...
'xlabel(''x'');,',...
'ylabel(''y'');,',...
'zlabel(''z'');,',...
'hold off']);
b2=uicontrol('parent',h0,...
'style','pushbutton',...
'string','关闭',...
'position',[150 10 60 20],...
'callback','close');
14. 简单运算器
h1=uicontrol(gcf,'style','radio',...
'string','加',...
'value',1,...
'position',[20 150 40 20],...
'callback',[...
'k=1;,',...
'set(h1,''value'',1),',...
'set(h2,''value'',0),',...
'set(h3,''value'',0)']);
h2=uicontrol(gcf,'style','radio',...
'string','减',...
'position',[20 110 40 20],...
'callback',[...
'k=2;,',...
'set(h2,''value'',1),',...
'set(h1,''value'',0),',...
'set(h3,''value'',0)']);
h3=uicontrol(gcf,'style','radio',...
'string','乘',...
'position',[20 70 40 20],...
'callback',[...
'k=3;,',...
'set(h3,''value'',1),',...
'set(h2,''value'',0),',...
'set(h1,''value'',0)']);
e1=uicontrol(gcf,'style','edit',...
'position',[80 150 100 20]);
e2=uicontrol(gcf,'style','edit',...
'position',[80 110 100 20]);
e3=uicontrol(gcf,'style','edit',...
'position',[80 70 100 20]);
b1=uicontrol(gcf,'style','pushbutton',...
'string','运算',...
'position',[200 150 80 30],...
'callback',[...
'x=str2num(get(e1,''string''));,',...
'y=str2num(get(e2,''string''));,',...
'switch k,',...
'case 1,',...
'z=x+y;,',...
'case 2,',...
'z=x-y;,',...
'case 3,',...
'z=x*y;,',...
'end,',...
'set(e3,''string'',num2str(z))']);
b2=uicontrol(gcf,'style','pushbutton',...
'string','退出',...
'position',[200 100 80 30],...
'callback','close');
15. 曲线色彩的修改
h0=figure('toolbar','none',...
'position',[198 56 408 468],...
'name','my second gui');
h1=axes('parent',h0,...
'position',[0.15 0.45 0.7 0.5],...
'visible','on');
x=0:0.1:2*pi;
k=plot(x,sin(x));
xlabel('自变量X');
ylabel('函数值Y');
title('图形色彩改变');
p1=uicontrol('parent',h0,...
'style','pushbutton',...
'backgroundcolor','r',...
'position',[60 100 50 30],...
'callback','set(k,''color'',''r'')');
p2=uicontrol('parent',h0,...
'style','pushbutton',...
'backgroundcolor','g',...
'position',[170 100 50 30],...
'callback','set(k,''color'',''g'')');
p3=uicontrol('parent',h0,...
'style','pushbutton',...
'backgroundcolor','b',...
'position',[280 100 50 30],...
'callback','set(k,''color'',''b'')');
p4=uicontrol('parent',h0,...
'style','pushbutton',...
'backgroundcolor',[1 1 1],...
'fontsize',20,...
'fontweight','demi',...
'string','关闭',...
'position',[150 30 80 60],...
'callback','close');
t1=uicontrol('parent',h0,...
'style','text',...
'string','红色',...
'fontsize',12,...
'fontweight','demi',...
'position',[60 120 50 20]);
t2=uicontrol('parent',h0,...
'style','text',...
'string','绿色',...
'fontsize',12,...
'fontweight','demi',...
'position',[170 120 50 20]);
t3=uicontrol('parent',h0,...
'style','text',...
'string','蓝色',...
'fontsize',12,...
'fontweight','demi',...
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