MicroPython ESP32ssd1306 0.96“OLED+气象数据中文显示

Posted 2022-08-30 perseverance52

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【MicroPython ESP32】ssd1306 0.96“OLED+气象数据中文显示

本实例基于Thonny平台开发
相关篇《【MicroPython ESP32】ssd1306模块基于GB2312字库驱动0.96“I2C屏幕汉字显示示例》
效果展示

本篇硬件ESP32所使用的是特定的固件包，包含GB2312字库驱动，如果硬件所使用的microPython官方的固件并不适合本篇所讲的内容。请参照上面提供的相关篇内容进行了解和固件刷写。

开启这一篇内容前，说说调试经历，调试过程中遇到了一个很大的坑，折腾了一天。山穷水尽疑无路，人总需要抱一丝希望，万一成功了呢？遇到困难需要变通方法才行，否则容易被困于死胡同，找不到解答。

调试bug:ImportError: no module named 'parse'

在引入模块import urequests时，老是出现ImportError: no module named 'parse'，出现这个问题，结果查阅，Python使用import语句访问modules，需要指定从中导入Parse的路径，了解文件夹层次结构非常重要。

思路参考：https://www.codenong.com/46211002/

原固件本身始是基于uPyCraft平台开发的使用的，MicroPython设备根目录下带lib文件夹，import urequests模块在MicroPython官方的固件中是已经封装到固件里面的，而这个带字库支持的固件却没有，但是有关代码中应该是又有指定了路径，所以在调用import urequests模块时，不仅需要上传到MicroPython设备上，而且需要指定路径。

接线说明

所使用的是0.96" I2C OLED屏幕

scl=Pin(22)
sda=Pin(21)

心知天气API接口

心知天气：https://www.seniverse.com/

免费版的使用次数足够一般的需求了。

https://api.seniverse.com/v3/weather/now.json?key=your_api_key&location=beijing&language=zh-Hans&unit=c

your_api_key：填写自己申请的Key（在使用我的代码时，请不要使用我保留下来的Key）
beijing：换成自己的城市（拼音）

def fetchWeather(location):
    result = urequests.get("https://api.seniverse.com/v3/weather/now.json?key=S9hoa4Wza9Hcs2uX_&location=shenzhen&language=zh-Hans&unit=c")       
    return result.text

填写个人的wifi信息

SSID ="MERCURY_D268G" # 填写个人wifi信息
PASSWORD ="pba5ayzk"

文件结构

所需的字库文件，固件资源下载地址：https://github.com/kaixindelele/ssd1306-MicroPython-ESP32-Chinese/
urequests.py内容：

import usocket

class Response:

    def __init__(self, f):
        self.raw = f
        self.encoding = "utf-8"
        self._cached = None

    def close(self):
        if self.raw:
            self.raw.close()
            self.raw = None
        self._cached = None

    @property
    def content(self):
        if self._cached is None:
            try:
                self._cached = self.raw.read()
            finally:
                self.raw.close()
                self.raw = None
        return self._cached

    @property
    def text(self):
        return str(self.content, self.encoding)

    def json(self):
        import ujson
        return ujson.loads(self.content)


def request(method, url, data=None, json=None, headers=, stream=None):
    try:
        proto, dummy, host, path = url.split("/", 3)
    except ValueError:
        proto, dummy, host = url.split("/", 2)
        path = ""
    if proto == "http:":
        port = 80
    elif proto == "https:":
        import ussl
        port = 443
    else:
        raise ValueError("Unsupported protocol: " + proto)

    if ":" in host:
        host, port = host.split(":", 1)
        port = int(port)

    ai = usocket.getaddrinfo(host, port, 0, usocket.SOCK_STREAM)
    ai = ai[0]

    s = usocket.socket(ai[0], ai[1], ai[2])
    try:
        s.connect(ai[-1])
        if proto == "https:":
            s = ussl.wrap_socket(s, server_hostname=host)
        s.write(b"%s /%s HTTP/1.0\\r\\n" % (method, path))
        if not "Host" in headers:
            s.write(b"Host: %s\\r\\n" % host)
        # Iterate over keys to avoid tuple alloc
        for k in headers:
            s.write(k)
            s.write(b": ")
            s.write(headers[k])
            s.write(b"\\r\\n")
        if json is not None:
            assert data is None
            import ujson
            data = ujson.dumps(json)
            s.write(b"Content-Type: application/json\\r\\n")
        if data:
            s.write(b"Content-Length: %d\\r\\n" % len(data))
        s.write(b"\\r\\n")
        if data:
            s.write(data)

        l = s.readline()
        #print(l)
        l = l.split(None, 2)
        status = int(l[1])
        reason = ""
        if len(l) > 2:
            reason = l[2].rstrip()
        while True:
            l = s.readline()
            if not l or l == b"\\r\\n":
                break
            #print(l)
            if l.startswith(b"Transfer-Encoding:"):
                if b"chunked" in l:
                    raise ValueError("Unsupported " + l)
            elif l.startswith(b"Location:") and 300 < status < 400:
                new_url = (l[10:-2]).decode('utf8')
                return request(method, new_url, data, json, headers, stream)
    except OSError:
        s.close()
        raise

    resp = Response(s)
    resp.status_code = status
    resp.reason = reason
    return resp


def head(url, **kw):
    return request("HEAD", url, **kw)

def get(url, **kw):
    return request("GET", url, **kw)

def post(url, **kw):
    return request("POST", url, **kw)

def put(url, **kw):
    return request("PUT", url, **kw)

def patch(url, **kw):
    return request("PATCH", url, **kw)

def delete(url, **kw):
    return request("DELETE", url, **kw)

ssd1306.py内容

# MicroPython SSD1306 OLED driver, I2C and SPI interfaces

from micropython import const
import framebuf


# register definitions
SET_CONTRAST = const(0x81)
SET_ENTIRE_ON = const(0xA4)
SET_NORM_INV = const(0xA6)
SET_DISP = const(0xAE)
SET_MEM_ADDR = const(0x20)
SET_COL_ADDR = const(0x21)
SET_PAGE_ADDR = const(0x22)
SET_DISP_START_LINE = const(0x40)
SET_SEG_REMAP = const(0xA0)
SET_MUX_RATIO = const(0xA8)
SET_COM_OUT_DIR = const(0xC0)
SET_DISP_OFFSET = const(0xD3)
SET_COM_PIN_CFG = const(0xDA)
SET_DISP_CLK_DIV = const(0xD5)
SET_PRECHARGE = const(0xD9)
SET_VCOM_DESEL = const(0xDB)
SET_CHARGE_PUMP = const(0x8D)

# Subclassing FrameBuffer provides support for graphics primitives
# http://docs.micropython.org/en/latest/pyboard/library/framebuf.html
class SSD1306(framebuf.FrameBuffer):
    def __init__(self, width, height, external_vcc):
        self.width = width
        self.height = height
        self.external_vcc = external_vcc
        self.pages = self.height // 8
        self.buffer = bytearray(self.pages * self.width)
        super().__init__(self.buffer, self.width, self.height, framebuf.MONO_VLSB, self.width)
        self.init_display()

    def init_display(self):
        for cmd in (
            SET_DISP | 0x00,  # off
            # address setting
            SET_MEM_ADDR,
            0x00,  # horizontal
            # resolution and layout
            SET_DISP_START_LINE | 0x00,
            SET_SEG_REMAP | 0x01,  # column addr 127 mapped to SEG0
            SET_MUX_RATIO,
            self.height - 1,
            SET_COM_OUT_DIR | 0x08,  # scan from COM[N] to COM0
            SET_DISP_OFFSET,
            0x00,
            SET_COM_PIN_CFG,
            0x02 if self.width > 2 * self.height else 0x12,
            # timing and driving scheme
            SET_DISP_CLK_DIV,
            0x80,
            SET_PRECHARGE,
            0x22 if self.external_vcc else 0xF1,
            SET_VCOM_DESEL,
            0x30,  # 0.83*Vcc
            # display
            SET_CONTRAST,
            0xFF,  # maximum
            SET_ENTIRE_ON,  # output follows RAM contents
            SET_NORM_INV,  # not inverted
            # charge pump
            SET_CHARGE_PUMP,
            0x10 if self.external_vcc else 0x14,
            SET_DISP | 0x01,
        ):  # on
            self.write_cmd(cmd)
        self.fill(0)
        self.show()

    def poweroff(self):
        self.write_cmd(SET_DISP | 0x00)

    def poweron(self):
        self.write_cmd(SET_DISP | 0x01)

    def contrast(self, contrast):
        self.write_cmd(SET_CONTRAST)
        self.write_cmd(contrast)

    def invert(self, invert):
        self.write_cmd(SET_NORM_INV | (invert & 1))

    def show(self):
        x0 = 0
        x1 = self.width - 1
        if self.width == 64:
            # displays with width of 64 pixels are shifted by 32
            x0 += 32
            x1 += 32
        self.write_cmd(SET_COL_ADDR)
        self.write_cmd(x0)
        self.write_cmd(x1)
        self.write_cmd(SET_PAGE_ADDR)
        self.write_cmd(0)
        self.write_cmd(self.pages - 1)
        self.write_data(self.buffer)


class SSD1306_I2C(SSD1306):
    def __init__(self, width, height, i2c, addr=0x3C, external_vcc=False):
        self.i2c = i2c
        self.addr = addr
        self.temp = bytearray(2)
        self.write_list = [b"\\x40", None]  # Co=0, D/C#=1
        super().__init__(width, height, external_vcc)

    def write_cmd(self, cmd):
        self.temp[0] = 0x80  # Co=1, D/C#=0
        self.temp[1] = cmd
        self.i2c.writeto(self.addr, self.temp)

    def write_data(self, buf):
        self.write_list[1] = buf
        self.i2c.writevto(self.addr, self.write_list)


class SSD1306_SPI(SSD1306):
    def __init__(self, width, height, spi, dc, res, cs, external_vcc=False):
        self.rate = 10 * 1024 * 1024
        dc.init(dc.OUT, value=0)
        res.init(res.OUT, value=0)
        cs.init(cs.OUT, value=1)
        self.spi = spi
        self.dc = dc
        self.res = res
        self.cs = cs
        import time

        self.res(1)
        time.sleep_ms(1)
        self.res(0)
        time.sleep_ms(10)
        self.res(1)
        super().__init__(width, height, external_vcc)

    def write_cmd(self, cmd):
        self.spi.init(baudrate=self.rate, polarity=0, phase=0)
        self.cs(1)
        self.dc(0)
        self.cs(0)
        self.spi.write(bytearray([cmd]))
        self.cs(1)

    def write_data(self, buf):
        self.spi.init(baudrate=self.rate, polarity=0, phase=0)
        self.cs(1)
        self.dc(1)
        self.cs(0)
        self.spi.write(buf)
        self.cs(1)

主程序代码

from lib import urequests
#import urequests as requests
from machine import Pin,I2C
i2c = I2C(1,scl=Pin(22), sda=Pin(21),freq=100000)
from ssd1306 import SSD1306_I2C #从ssd1306模块中导入SSD1306_I2C子模块
import time
import network
import ujson

#import ssd1306
#import HZK

#spi = SPI(baudrate=100000, polarity=1, phase=0, sck=Pin(18), mosi=Pin(23), miso=Pin(19))
#cs = Pin(25,Pin.OUT)
#HZK.init(spi,cs)

oled = SSD1306_I2C(128, 64, i2c,addr=0x3c) #OLED显示屏初始化：128*64分辨率,OLED的I2C地址是0x3c

# 心知天气API申请：https://seniverse.yuque.com
# API_KEY = 'S9hoa4Wza9Hcs2uX_'
#接口;https://api.seniverse.com/v3/weather/now.json?key=your_api_key&location=beijing&language=zh-Hans&unit=c
# LOCATION = 'zhuzhou'
# URL = 'https://api.seniverse.com/v3/weather/now.json'
# UNIT = 'c'
# LANGUAGE = 'zh-Hans'

SSID ="MERCURY_D268G" # 填写个人wifi信息
PASSWORD ="pba5ayzk"
wlan=None
s=None
#连接网络

def connectWifi(ssid,passwd):    
    
    global wlan
    wlan=network.WLAN(network.STA_IF)
    wlan.active(True)
    wlan.disconnect()
    wlan.connect(ssid,passwd)
    
    while(wlan.ifconfig()[0]=='0.0.0.0'):        
        time.sleep(1)
    
    return True

def fetchWeather():
    result = urequests.get("https://api.seniverse.com/v3/weather/now.json?key=S9hoa4Wza9Hcs2uX_&location=shenzhen&language=zh-Hans&unit=c")       
    return result.text

if __name__ == '__main__':        
    oled.font_load("GB2312-12.fon")# 所使用的字体时12号字体
    oled.fill(0)
    oled.text("ESP32 Weather Clock", 4, 0)
    oled.line(0, 14, 128, 14, 1)#划线
    connectWifi(SSID,PASSWORD)
    result = fetchWeather()
    print(result)
    j=ujson.loads(result)
    print("\\r\\n\\r\\n"以上是关于MicroPython ESP32ssd1306 0.96“OLED+气象数据中文显示的主要内容，如果未能解决你的问题，请参考以下文章 
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MicroPython ESP32ssd1306 0.96“OLED+气象数据中文显示

【MicroPython ESP32】ssd1306 0.96“OLED+气象数据中文显示

本篇硬件ESP32所使用的是特定的固件包， 包含GB2312字库驱动，如果硬件所使用的microPython官方的固件并不适合本篇所讲的内容。请参照上面提供的相关篇内容进行了解和固件刷写。

接线说明

心知天气API接口

文件结构

主程序代码

本篇硬件ESP32所使用的是特定的固件包，包含GB2312字库驱动，如果硬件所使用的`microPython`官方的固件并不适合本篇所讲的内容。请参照上面提供的相关篇内容进行了解和固件刷写。