Android XML布局文件解析过程源码解析
Posted 一口仨馍
tags:
篇首语:本文由小常识网(cha138.com)小编为大家整理,主要介绍了Android XML布局文件解析过程源码解析相关的知识,希望对你有一定的参考价值。
我们知道,在Activity#setContentView()中会调用PhoneWindow#setContentView()。而在PhoneWindow#setContentView()中有这么一句mLayoutInflater.inflate(layoutResID, mContentParent)
。这行代码的作用是将我们的activity_main.xml填充到mContentParent中去。详见:setContentView源码解析。在写adapter的时候,也经常写mInflater.inflate(layoutResID, parent,false)
。那么,这行代码怎么就将xml文件转换成了View或者ViewGroup了呢?
获取LayoutInflater对象无非以下两种方式:
LayoutInflater.from(Context context);
LayoutInflater LayoutInflater = (LayoutInflater) context.getSystemService(Context.LAYOUT_INFLATER_SERVICE);
其实这俩是同一种方式,首先看下LayoutInflater#from()
源码位置:frameworks/base/core/java/android/view/LayoutInflater.java
LayoutInflater#from()
public static LayoutInflater from(Context context)
LayoutInflater LayoutInflater =
(LayoutInflater) context.getSystemService(Context.LAYOUT_INFLATER_SERVICE);
if (LayoutInflater == null)
throw new AssertionError("LayoutInflater not found.");
return LayoutInflater;
第一种获取LayoutInflater对象的方式,不过就是对第二种方式的一个简单封装。实际上还是一回事。Context的实现类是ContextImpl,跟进。
源码位置:frameworks/base/core/java/android/app/ContextImpl.java
ContextImpl#getSystemService()
@Override
public Object getSystemService(String name)
return SystemServiceRegistry.getSystemService(this, name);
跟进。
源码位置:frameworks/base/core/java/android/app/SystemServiceRegistry.java
SystemServiceRegistry#getSystemService()
public static Object getSystemService(ContextImpl ctx, String name)
ServiceFetcher<?> fetcher = SYSTEM_SERVICE_FETCHERS.get(name);
return fetcher != null ? fetcher.getService(ctx) : null;
直接从全局变量SYSTEM_SERVICE_FETCHERS中依据名字就get到了fetcher,之后依据fetcher直接get到了LayoutInflater对象。大写的懵B~原来啊,在SystemServiceRegistry中有个静态代码块,先看下这部分。
static
...
registerService(Context.LAYOUT_INFLATER_SERVICE, LayoutInflater.class,
new CachedServiceFetcher<LayoutInflater>()
@Override
public LayoutInflater createService(ContextImpl ctx)
return new PhoneLayoutInflater(ctx.getOuterContext());
);
...
private static <T> void registerService(String serviceName, Class<T> serviceClass,
ServiceFetcher<T> serviceFetcher)
SYSTEM_SERVICE_NAMES.put(serviceClass, serviceName);
SYSTEM_SERVICE_FETCHERS.put(serviceName, serviceFetcher);
static abstract class CachedServiceFetcher<T> implements ServiceFetcher<T>
private final int mCacheIndex;
public CachedServiceFetcher()
mCacheIndex = sServiceCacheSize++;
@Override
@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
public final T getService(ContextImpl ctx)
final Object[] cache = ctx.mServiceCache;
synchronized (cache)
// Fetch or create the service.
Object service = cache[mCacheIndex];
if (service == null)
service = createService(ctx);
cache[mCacheIndex] = service;
return (T)service;
public abstract T createService(ContextImpl ctx);
这里连续贴了两个方法和一个抽象内部类CachedServiceFetcher。由于在抽象方法CachedServiceFetcher#createService()的具体实现中返回的是PhoneLayoutInflater,所以后文中使用的一直是PhoneLayoutInflater的对象。获取LayoutInflater对象(其实是其子类PhoneLayoutInflater对象)之后,调用LayoutInflater#inflate()。跟进。
源码位置:frameworks/base/core/java/android/view/LayoutInflater.java
LayoutInflater#inflate()
public View inflate(@LayoutRes int resource, @Nullable ViewGroup root)
return inflate(resource, root, root != null);
这里以setContentView中的mLayoutInflater.inflate(layoutResID, mContentParent)
为例,顺带也会讲解adapter中mInflater.inflate(layoutResID,null)
这种情况。也就是root
参数为null
和不为null
两种情况。root==null
,则第三个参数为false
.root!=null
,则第三个参数为true
。跟进。
LayoutInflater#inflate()
public View inflate(@LayoutRes int resource, @Nullable ViewGroup root, boolean attachToRoot)
final Resources res = getContext().getResources();
final XmlResourceParser parser = res.getLayout(resource);
try
return inflate(parser, root, attachToRoot);
finally
parser.close();
跟进。
LayoutInflater#inflate()
public View inflate(XmlPullParser parser, @Nullable ViewGroup root, boolean attachToRoot)
synchronized (mConstructorArgs)
...
View result = root;
try
...
// 获取根节点的字符串,例如LinearLayout
final String name = parser.getName();
// 根节点merge开头
if (TAG_MERGE.equals(name))
...
else
// 创建根视图View
final View temp = createViewFromTag(root, name, inflaterContext, attrs);
ViewGroup.LayoutParams params = null;
if (root != null)
// 获取LayoutParams
params = root.generateLayoutParams(attrs);
if (!attachToRoot)
// 应用LayoutParams到根节点View
temp.setLayoutParams(params);
// 遍历解析子View,并添加到根节点temp中
rInflateChildren(parser, temp, attrs, true);
// root不为空,直接将根节点View添加到root中
if (root != null && attachToRoot)
root.addView(temp, params);
// root等于null,直接返回根节点temp
if (root == null || !attachToRoot)
result = temp;
catch (Exception e)
...
return result;
上面每一步都有注释,下面重点看下生成根节点View的createViewFromTag()和遍历生成子View的rInflateChildren()方法。
LayoutInflater#createViewFromTag()
private View createViewFromTag(View parent, String name, Context context, AttributeSet attrs)
return createViewFromTag(parent, name, context, attrs, false);
View createViewFromTag(View parent, String name, Context context, AttributeSet attrs,
boolean ignoreThemeAttr)
...
if (-1 == name.indexOf('.'))
view = onCreateView(parent, name, attrs);
else
view = createView(name, null, attrs);
...
return view;
跟进。
LayoutInflater#createView()
public final View createView(String name, String prefix, AttributeSet attrs)
throws ClassNotFoundException, InflateException
Constructor<? extends View> constructor = sConstructorMap.get(name);
Class<? extends View> clazz = null;
try
if (constructor == null)
clazz = mContext.getClassLoader().loadClass(
prefix != null ? (prefix + name) : name).asSubclass(View.class);
...
constructor = clazz.getConstructor(mConstructorSignature);
constructor.setAccessible(true);
sConstructorMap.put(name, constructor);
else
...
final View view = constructor.newInstance(args);
return view;
catch (Exception e)
...
sConstructorMap是个HashMap<String, Constructor<? extends View>>
对象。首先依据根节点的名字,例如LinearLayout
去查找缓存的构造器,如果是第一次执行,肯定返回null
。如果返回为null
,则通过反射出构造方法,并强制设置可访问,之后存进sConstructorMap中。如果缓存中有构造器,那么直接取出。最后调用newInstance
反射出根节点View实例。得到根节点View实例之后,接着设置属性,最后调用rInflateChildren()遍历创建子View。跟进。
LayoutInflater#rInflateChildren()
final void rInflateChildren(XmlPullParser parser, View parent, AttributeSet attrs,
boolean finishInflate) throws XmlPullParserException, IOException
rInflate(parser, parent, parent.getContext(), attrs, finishInflate);
parent
参数是根节点View。这里只是简单转发给rInflate()方法处理。跟进。
LayoutInflater#rInflateChildren()
void rInflate(XmlPullParser parser, View parent, Context context,
AttributeSet attrs, boolean finishInflate) throws XmlPullParserException, IOException
final int depth = parser.getDepth();
int type;
while (((type = parser.next()) != XmlPullParser.END_TAG ||
parser.getDepth() > depth) && type != XmlPullParser.END_DOCUMENT)
if (type != XmlPullParser.START_TAG)
continue;
final String name = parser.getName();
if (TAG_REQUEST_FOCUS.equals(name))
...
...
else
final View view = createViewFromTag(parent, name, context, attrs);
final ViewGroup viewGroup = (ViewGroup) parent;
final ViewGroup.LayoutParams params = viewGroup.generateLayoutParams(attrs);
rInflateChildren(parser, view, attrs, true);
viewGroup.addView(view, params);
if (finishInflate)
parent.onFinishInflate();
遍历体现在While
循环上,name为子节点View的名称,例如:TextView,RelativeLayout等。几个以tag、include等开头的子节点走最上面几个if的逻辑,我们的重点在于寻常View走的else逻辑。可以看到:首先,和创建根节点View调用同一个方法createViewFromTag()创建子View,紧接着设置子View的参数,然后调用递归调用rInflateChildren()方法再去测量子节点的所有View,最后才将子节点添加到父布局,这个父布局可能是根节点,也可能是某个子节点。遍历结束之后,所有子View也添加到布局当中并设置好相应的布局参数。
至此,LayoutInflater.from().inflate()源码解析结束~
更多Framework源码解析,请移步 Framework源码解析系列[目录]
以上是关于Android XML布局文件解析过程源码解析的主要内容,如果未能解决你的问题,请参考以下文章
Android中measure过程WRAP_CONTENT详解以及xml布局文件解析流程浅析(上
Android 使用WindowManager实现悬浮窗及源码解析