SpringCloud Alibaba微服务工程搭建(保姆级)
Posted 最后一支迷迭香
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我们凭什么要用springcloud alibaba?
1、单体应用的痛点
传统的单体应用,将所有功能的表示层、业务逻辑层,数据访问层,包括静态资源等等全部糅合在一个工程里面,编译,打包,部署在单台服务器上上线,比如打成war包放在Tomcat的webapp目录中部署项目。这样的项目开发部署适合小型项目,系统功能不复杂,访问量不大的情况下有绝对的优势。开发速度快,运维方便。但是当业务越来越复杂,功能越来越多,参与的开发人员越来越多,就暴露出问题了。
比如:
业务变复杂,代码量增大,代码可读性,可维护性,可扩展性下降。万一要新同事接手代码,理解起来花很多时间
测试难度增大
单体应用并发能力有限,访问量高了用户体验差
单体应用容错率低,万一哪里出错,可能导致整个项目就崩了
1、微服务的优势
将原来的单体应用按义务范围来进行划分,划分为多个小model,每个微服务运行在自己的进程中,不相互影响,通过完全自动化部署来独立部署。并使用轻量级机制通信,通常是HTTP RESTUFUL API。可对各个微服务进行集中管理。这些小model可以使用不同的编程语言,以及不同的存储技术。
1、springcloud alibaba的重要组件
nacos:
注册中心(服务注册与发现)、配置中心(动态配置管理)
Ribbon:
负载均衡
Feign:
声明式Http客户端(调用远程服务)
Sentinel:
服务容错(限流、降级、熔断)
Gateway:
API网关(webflux编程模式)
Sleuth:
调用链监控
Seata:
原Fescar,即分布式事务解决方案
工程搭建
1、搭建父工程
我们给项目起个名字就叫做’mdx-shop’ 迷迭香的商店
接下来配置下maven
删除掉src目录(父目录不需要)
2、引入相关springcloud依赖
先看下springcloud和springcloud alibaba 和各个组件之间的版本对应关系
引入springboot springcloud spingcloud alibaba 依赖,如下
版本选取:
springboot – 2.6.4
springcloud – 2021.0.1
springcloud alibaba – 2021.0.1.0
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<parent>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
<version>2.6.4</version>
</parent>
<groupId>com.mdx</groupId>
<artifactId>mdx-shop</artifactId>
<version>1.0.0</version>
<properties>
<maven.compiler.source>8</maven.compiler.source>
<maven.compiler.target>8</maven.compiler.target>
<spring-cloud.version>2021.0.1</spring-cloud.version>
<spring-cloud-alibaba.version>2021.0.1.0</spring-cloud-alibaba.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
<version>$spring-cloud.version</version>
<type>pom</type>
<scope>import</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-alibaba-dependencies</artifactId>
<version>$spring-cloud-alibaba.version</version>
<type>pom</type>
<scope>import</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>
3、创建子模块
我们模拟创建一个用户模块
创作不易,点个赞吧👍
最后的最后送大家一句话
白驹过隙,沧海桑田
与君共勉
下一篇文章nacos注册中心和配置中心
springcloud alibaba nacos使用以及注册中心和配置中心的应用(保姆级)
项目地址
mdx-shop gitee地址
SpringCloud --- Rest微服务工程搭建
SpringCloud
Cloud 升级
一、创建父工程
(1) 父工程项目创建
字符编码
注解生效
java版本
File Types 过滤,可以将 src 也手动删除,只留下 pom.xml
(2) 父工程 pom.xml 配置
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.atguigu.springcloud</groupId>
<artifactId>cloud2020</artifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<!-- 父工程的打包方式为pom方式 -->
<packaging>pom</packaging>
<!-- 统一管理jar包版本 -->
<properties>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
<maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source>
<maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target>
<junit.version>4.12</junit.version>
<log4j.version>1.2.17</log4j.version>
<lombok.version>1.16.18</lombok.version>
<mysql.version>5.1.47</mysql.version>
<druid.version>1.1.16</druid.version>
<mybatis.spring.boot.version>1.3.0</mybatis.spring.boot.version>
</properties>
<!-- dependencyManagement一般只有父工程有,只是锁定(申明)版本-->
<!-- 子模块继承之后,提供作用:锁定版本+子modlue不用写groupId和version -->
<dependencyManagement>
<dependencies>
<!--spring boot 2.2.2-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-dependencies</artifactId>
<version>2.2.2.RELEASE</version>
<type>pom</type>
<scope>import</scope>
</dependency>
<!--spring cloud Hoxton.SR1-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
<version>Hoxton.SR1</version>
<type>pom</type>
<scope>import</scope>
</dependency>
<!--spring cloud alibaba 2.1.0.RELEASE-->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-alibaba-dependencies</artifactId>
<version>2.1.0.RELEASE</version>
<type>pom</type>
<scope>import</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>$mysql.version</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
<artifactId>druid</artifactId>
<version>$druid.version</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
<version>$mybatis.spring.boot.version</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>$junit.version</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>log4j</groupId>
<artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
<version>$log4j.version</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
<artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
<version>$lombok.version</version>
<optional>true</optional>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</dependencyManagement>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
<configuration>
<fork>true</fork>
<addResources>true</addResources>
</configuration>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>
二、支付模块构建(上)
(1) 创建模块 cloud-provider-payment8001
(2) 配置 pom.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<parent>
<artifactId>cloud2020</artifactId>
<groupId>com.atguigu.springcloud</groupId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
</parent>
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<artifactId>cloud-provider-payment8001</artifactId>
<dependencies>
<!--包含了sleuth+zipkin-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-zipkin</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!--eureka-client-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
<artifactId>druid-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
<version>1.1.10</version>
</dependency>
<!--mysql-connector-java-->
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!--jdbc-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-jdbc</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
<scope>runtime</scope>
<optional>true</optional>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
<artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
<optional>true</optional>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</project>
(3) 配置 application.yml
server:
port: 8001
spring:
application:
name: cloud-payment-service
datasource:
type: com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource # 当前数据源操作类型
driver-class-name: org.gjt.mm.mysql.Driver # mysql驱动包
url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/pay?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8&useSSL=false
username: root
password: 123456
mybatis:
mapperLocations: classpath:mapper/*.xml
type-aliases-package: com.atguigu.springcloud.entities # 所有Entity别名类所在包
# false:不向注册中心注册自己。(因为此时还没有配置eureka注册中心)
eureka:
client:
register-with-eureka: false
fetch-registry: false
(4) 创建主启动类
@SpringBootApplication
public class PaymentMain8001
public static void main(String[] args)
SpringApplication.run(PaymentMain8001.class, args);
三、支付模块构建(中)
(5) 编写业务类
① 建表SQL语句
CREATE TABLE `payment`(
`id` bigint(20) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT 'ID',
`serial` varchar(200) DEFAULT '',
PRIMARY KEY (id)
)ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=1 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4
② 实体类:Payment
public class Payment implements Serializable
private Long id;
private String serial;
③ 通用实体类 CommonResult
public class CommonResult<T>
private Integer code;
private String message;
private T data;
public CommonResult(Integer code,String message)
this(code,message,null);
④ DAO层:PaymentDao接口
@Mapper
public interface PaymentDao
public int create(Payment payment);
public void getPaymentById(@Param("id") Long id);
⑤ PaymentMapper.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd" >
<mapper>
<insert id="create" parameterType="Payment" useGeneratedKeys="true" keyProperty="id">
insert into payment(serial) values(#serial);
</insert>
<resultMap id="BaseResultMap" type="com.atguigu.springcloud.entities.Payment">
<id column="id" property="id" jdbcType="BIGINT"/>
<id column="serial" property="serial" jdbcType="VARCHAR"/>
</resultMap>
<select id="getPaymentById" parameterType="Long" resultMap="BaseResultMap">
select * from payment where id = #id;
</select>
</mapper>
⑥ Service层:PaymentService 和 PaymentServiceImpl
public SpringCloud --- Rest微服务工程搭建
SpringCloud Alibaba微服务实战三十四 - 隐私接口禁止外部访问