SpringCloud Stream消息驱动设计思想以及整合rabbitmq消息队列案例--学习笔记
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一,RabbitMQ的安装和配置 并启动
参见 RabbitMQ的安装和配置https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_43025151/article/details/123186641
RabbitMQ启动成功:
二,SpringCloud Stream消息驱动
1,设计思想
一个标准的消息队列MQ,如下图:
为什么用CloudStream?
一句话:CloudStream屏蔽底层消息中间件的差异,降低切换成本,统一消息的编程模型!
通过定义绑定器Binder作为中间件,实现了应用程序与消息中间件细节之间的隔离。
绑定器Binder:INPUT适用于消费者 OUTPUT适用于生产者
Stream中的消息通讯方式遵循了发布-订阅模式 Topic主题进行广播 在RabbitMQ就是Exchange 在Kafka中就是Topic。
2,Springcloud Stream标准流程套路
Binder:很方便的连接中间件,屏蔽差异
Channel:通道,是队列Queue的一种抽象,在消息通讯系统中就是实现存储和转发的媒介,通过channel对队列进行配置
Source和Sink:简单的可理解为参照对象是Springcloud
Stream自身,从Stream发布消息就是输出,接受消息就是输入
3,编码API和常用注解
三,详细案例(整合rabbitmq消息队列)
1,新建父工程 springcloud-tigerhhzz
pom文件代码
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.tigerhhzz.springcloud-tigerhhzz</groupId>
<artifactId>springcloud-tigerhhzz</artifactId>
<packaging>pom</packaging>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<modules>
<module>cloud-api-commons</module>
<module>cloud-eureka-server7001</module>
<module>cloud-eureka-server7002</module>
<module>cloud-comsumer-order80</module>
<module>cloud-provider-payment8001</module>
<module>cloud-provider-payment8002</module>
<module>cloud-comsumer-feign-order80</module>
<module>cloud-provider-hystrix-payment8001</module>
<module>cloud-comsumer-feign-hystrix-order80</module>
<module>cloud-comsumer-hystrix-dashboard9001</module>
<module>cloud-gateway-gateway9527</module>
<module>cloud-config-center-3344</module>
<module>cloud-config-client-3355</module>
<module>cloud-config-client-3366</module>
<module>cloud-stream-rabbitmq-provider8801</module>
<module>cloud-stream-rabbitmq-consumer8802</module>
<module>cloud-stream-rabbitmq-consumer8803</module>
</modules>
<properties>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
<maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source>
<maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target>
<junit.version>4.12</junit.version>
<log4j.version>1.2.17</log4j.version>
<lombok.version>1.18.0</lombok.version>
<mysql.version>5.1.47</mysql.version>
<druid.version>1.1.16</druid.version>
<mybatis.spring.boot.version>1.3.2</mybatis.spring.boot.version>
</properties>
<!-- 子模块继承之后,提供作用:锁定版本+子模块不用写groupId和version -->
<dependencyManagement>
<dependencies>
<!-- springboot 2.2.2 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-dependencies</artifactId>
<version>2.2.2.RELEASE</version>
<type>pom</type>
<scope>import</scope>
</dependency>
<!-- spring cloud Hoxton.SR1 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
<version>Hoxton.SR1</version>
<type>pom</type>
<scope>import</scope>
</dependency>
<!-- spring cloud alibaba 2.1.0.RELEASE -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-alibaba-dependencies</artifactId>
<version>2.1.0.RELEASE</version>
<type>pom</type>
<scope>import</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>$mysql.version</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
<artifactId>druid</artifactId>
<version>$druid.version</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
<version>$mybatis.spring.boot.version</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>log4j</groupId>
<artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
<version>$log4j.version</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>$junit.version</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
<artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
<version>$lombok.version</version>
<optional>true</optional>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</dependencyManagement>
</project>
2,新建注册中心模块(本文使用erueka作为注册中心)
cloud-eureka-server7001
项目结构:
项目main入口方法:
package com.tigerhhzz.springcloud;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.eureka.server.EnableEurekaServer;
/**
* @author tigerhhzz
* @date 2022/6/13 10:33
*/
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableEurekaServer
public class EurekaMain7001
public static void main(String[] args)
SpringApplication.run(EurekaMain7001.class,args);
pom.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<parent>
<artifactId>springcloud-tigerhhzz</artifactId>
<groupId>com.tigerhhzz.springcloud-tigerhhzz</groupId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
</parent>
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<artifactId>cloud-eureka-server7001</artifactId>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-server</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.tigerhhzz.springcloud-tigerhhzz</groupId>
<artifactId>cloud-api-commons</artifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</project>
application.yml
server:
port: 7001
spring:
application:
name: cloud-eureka-server7001
eureka:
instance:
hostname: eureka7001.com
client:
register-with-eureka: false # 表示不向注册中心注册
fetch-registry: false # 由于注册中心的职责就是维护服务实例,所以它不需要去检索服务
service-url:
#defaultZone: http://eureka7002.com:7002/eureka/ #集群 指向其他eureka
defaultZone: http://eureka7001.com:7001/eureka/ #单机 指向自己
server:
enable-self-preservation: false #关闭自我保护机制 ,保证不可用服务被及时剔除
3,新建三个子模块
cloud-stream-rabbitmq-provider8801,作为生产者进行消息模块
cloud-stream-rabbitmq-consumer8802,作为消费者接受模块
cloud-stream-rabbitmq-consumer8803,作为消费者接受模块
目录结构:
module:cloud-stream-rabbitmq-provider8801
pom.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<parent>
<artifactId>springcloud-tigerhhzz</artifactId>
<groupId>com.tigerhhzz.springcloud-tigerhhzz</groupId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
</parent>
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<artifactId>cloud-stream-rabbitmq-provider8801</artifactId>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-stream-rabbit</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.tigerhhzz.springcloud-tigerhhzz</groupId>
<artifactId>cloud-api-commons</artifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</project>
application.yml
server:
port: 8801
spring:
application:
name: cloud-stream-privider
cloud:
stream:
binders: #自此处配置要绑定的rabbitmq的服务信息
defaultRabbit: #表示定义的名称,用于binding整合
type: rabbit #消息组件类型
environment: # 设置rabbitmq的相关的环境配置
spring:
rabbitmq:
host: localhost
port: 5672
username: guest
password: guest
bindings: #服务的整合处理
output: #这个名字是一个通道的名称
destination: studyExchange #表示要使用的exchange名称定义
content-type: application/json #设置消息类型,本次为json
binder: defaultRabbit #设置要绑定的消息服务的具体设置
eureka:
client:
service-url:
defaultZone: http://eureka7001.com:7001/eureka/ #http://localhost:7001/eureka/
instance:
lease-expiration-duration-in-seconds: 5 #如果现在超过了5秒的间隔
lease-renewal-interval-in-seconds: 2 #设置心跳的时间间隔
instance-id: send-8801.com
prefer-ip-address: true #访问的路径变为IP地址
主启动类
package com.tigerhhzz.springcloud;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
/**
* @author tigerhhzz
* @date 2022/6/18 10:00
*/
@SpringBootApplication
public class StreamMQMain8801
public static void main(String[] args)
SpringApplication.run(StreamMQMain8801.class,args);
业务类–接口
package com.tigerhhzz.springcloud.service;
/**
* @author tigerhhzz
* @date 2022/6/18 10:01
*/
public interface IMessageService
public String send();
业务类–实现类
package com.tigerhhzz.springcloud.service.impl;
import cn.hutool.core.lang.UUID;
import com.tigerhhzz.springcloud.service.IMessageService;
import org.springframework.cloud.stream.annotation.EnableBinding;
import org.springframework.cloud.stream.messaging.Source;
import org.springframework.messaging.MessageChannel;
import org.springframework.messaging.support.MessageBuilder;
import javax.annotation.Resource;
/**
* @author tigerhhzz
* @date 2022/6/18 10:01
*/
@EnableBinding(Source.class) //定义消息推送通道
public class MessageServiceImpl implements IMessageService
//消息发送通道
@Resource
private MessageChannel output;
@Override
public String send()
String serial = UUID.randomUUID().toString();
output.send(MessageBuilder.withPayload(serial).build());
System.out.println("***********serial:"+serial);
return serial;
controller层
package com.tigerhhzz.springcloud.controller;
import com.tigerhhzz.springcloud.service.IMessageService;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import javax.annotation.Resource;
/**
* @author tigerhhzz
* @date 2022/6/18 10:05
*/
@RestController
public class SendMessageController
@Resource
private IMessageService messageService;
@RequestMapping("/sendMessage")
public String sendMessage()
String send = messageService.send();
return send;
8802基本和生产者8801的module一样
8802的配置:
server:
port: 8802
spring:
application:
name: cloud-stream-message-consumer
cloud:
stream:
binders: #自此处配置要绑定的rabbitmq的服务信息
defaultRabbit: #表示定义的名称,用于binding整合
type: rabbit #消息组件类型
environment: # 设置rabbitmq的相关的环境配置
spring:
rabbitmq:
host: localhost
port: 5672
username: guest
password: guest
bindings: #服务的整合处理
input: #这个名字是一个通道的名称
destination: studyExchange #表示要使用的exchange名称定义
content-type: application/json #设置消息类型,本次为json
binder: defaultRabbit #设置要绑定的消息服务的具体设置
eureka:
client:
service-url:
defaultZone: http://eureka7001.com:7001/eureka/ #http://localhost:7001/eureka/
instance:
lease-expiration-duration-in-seconds: 5 #如果现在超过了5秒的间隔
lease-renewal-interval-in-seconds: 2 #设置心跳的时间间隔
instance-id: receiver-8802.com
prefer-ip-address: true #访问的路径变为IP地址
8802的控制层:
package com.tigerhhzz.springcloud.controller;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.cloud.stream.annotation.EnableBinding;
import org.springframework.cloud.stream.annotation.StreamListener;
import org.springframework.cloud.stream.messaging.Sink;
import org.springframework.messaging.Message;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
/**
* @author tigerhhzz
* @date 2022/6/18 10:32
*/
@Component
@EnableBinding(Sink.class)
public class ReceiveMessageListenerController
@Value("$server.port")
private String serverPort;
@StreamListener(Sink.INPUT)
public void input(Message<String> message)
System.out.println("我是消费者8802,-----》接受到的消息是:"+message.getPayload()+"\\t"+serverPort);
依照8802,clone出来一份运行8803
4,测试
依次启动rabbitmq
7001注册中心
8801消息生产模块
8802和8803消息消费模块
eureka7001注册中心
测试: 8801发送两条消息
http://localhost:8801/sendMessage
***********serial:76f1e833-100b-4d30-9423-4de0fad7e71e
***********serial:cfbcbed8-ba27-4036-8c5b-264a44cffea4
8802和8803分别接收到两条消息
我是消费者8802,-----》接受到的消息是:76f1e833-100b-4d30-9423-4de0fad7e71e 8802
我是消费者8802,-----》接受到的消息是:cfbcbed8-ba27-4036-8c5b-264a44cffea4 8802
我是消费者8803,-----》接受到的消息是:76f1e833-100b-4d30-9423-4de0fad7e71e 8803
我是消费者8803,-----》接受到的消息是:cfbcbed8-ba27-4036-8c5b-264a44cffea4 8803
5,分组消费与持久化
微服务应用放置于同一个group中,就能够保证消息只会被其中一个应用消费一次。不同的组是可以消费的,同一个组内会发生竞争关系,只有其中一个可以消费。
8803/8802都变成相同组,group两个相同
8802/8803实现了轮询分组,每次只有一个消费者。8801模块的发的消息只能被8802或者8803其中一个接受到,这样避免了重复消费
加上分组group属性,可以实现消息队列的持久化,group属性是持久化消息队列中很重要的一个属性。
rabiitmq界面:
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