IPv6路由（学习日记）

Posted 2022-03-02 人间忽晚，山河以秋

一、IPV6静态路由的配置

• 在下面拓扑图的网络中使用IPV6时实现主机间的通信

• 拓扑图
  

• 配置过程
  PC1主机的配置
  
  PC2主机的配置
  
  路由器R1的配置

<Huawei>system-view 
Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.
[Huawei]sysname R1
[R1]ipv6
[R1]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/2
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ipv6 enable
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ipv6 address 2002::1/64
[R1]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/1
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ipv6 enable
Info: Please enable IPv6 function in system view. 
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ipv6 address 2001::1/64
Info: Please enable IPv6 function in system view. 
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]quit
[R1]ipv6 route-static 2003:: 64 2001::2

路由器R2的配置

<Huawei>system-view 
Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.
[Huawei]sysname R2
[R2]ipv6
[R2]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/1
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ipv6 enable
Info: Please enable IPv6 function in system view. 
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ipv6 address 2001::2/64
Info: Please enable IPv6 function in system view. 
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]quit
[R2]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/2
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ipv6 enable 
Info: Please enable IPv6 function in system view. 
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ipv6 address 2003::1/64
Info: Please enable IPv6 function in system view. 
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]quit
[R2]ipv6 route-static 2002:: 64 2001::1

• 验证是否实现了主机间的通信
  PC1pingPC2
  
  PC2pingPC1
  

二、IPv6默认路由的配置

• 在IPv6网络中，当路由器的出口仅有一个接口时，可以使用ipv6默认路由代替静态路由。

• 拓扑图
  

• 配置过程
  路由器R1的配置

<Huawei>system-view 
Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.
[Huawei]sysname R1
[R1]ipv6
	
[R1]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/1
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ipv6 enable
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ipv6 address 2001::2/64
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]quit
	
[R1]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/2
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ipv6 enable
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ipv6 address 2002::2/64
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]quit
[R1]
[R1]ipv6 route-static 2004:: 64 2002::1
[R1]ipv6 route-static 2003:: 64 2001::1
[R1]

路由器R2的配置

<Huawei>sys	
<Huawei>system-view 
Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.
[Huawei]sysname R2
[R2]ipv6

[R2]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/2
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ipv6 enable
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ipv6 address 2003::1/64
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]quit
	
[R2]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/1
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ipv6 enable
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ipv6 address 2001::1/64
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]quit
[R2]ipv6 route-static :: 0 2001::2
[R2]

路由器R3的配置

<Huawei>system-view 
Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.
[Huawei]sysname R3
[R3]ipv6

[R3]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/1
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ipv6 enable
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ipv6 address 2002::1/64
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]quit

[R3]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/2
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ipv6 enable
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ipv6 address 2004::1/64
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]quit
[R3]ipv6 route-static :: 0 2002::2

验证连通性

三、IPv6汇总路由器的配置

• 在IPv6网络中，当多条路由的下一跳IP地址相同，且存在相同的前缀是，可以对路由进行汇总。
• 拓扑图

• 配置思路
  （1）创建VLAN并将相应接口划入VLAN
  （2）在交换机和路由器上启用IPv6功能
  （3）配置IPv6地址
  （4）配置IPv6汇总路由
• 配置过程
  在交换机SW1上分别创建VLAN 10、VLAN 20、VLAN 30、VLAN 100，并将接口分别划入各VLAN，

<Huawei>system-view 
Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.
[Huawei]sysname SW1

[SW1]vlan batch 100 10 20 30
Info: This operation may take a few seconds. Please wait for a moment...done.
	
[SW1]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/1
[SW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]port link-type access
[SW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]port default vlan 100
[SW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]quit
	
[SW1]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/2
[SW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]port link-type access
[SW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]port default vlan 10
[SW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]quit

[SW1]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/3
[SW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/3]port link-type access
[SW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/3]port default vlan 20
[SW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/3]quit

[SW1]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/4
[SW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/4]port link-type access
[SW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/4]port default vlan 30
[SW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/4]quit

在交换机上启用IPv6，并且为每个VLAN配置IPv6地址

[SW1]ipv6
	
[SW1]int Vlanif 10
[SW1-Vlanif10]ipv6 enable
[SW1-Vlanif10]ipv6 address 2001:0:10::1/64
[SW1-Vlanif10]quit

[SW1]int Vlanif 20
[SW1-Vlanif20]ipv6 enable
[SW1-Vlanif20]ipv6 address 2001:0:20::1/64
[SW1-Vlanif20]quit

[SW1]int Vlanif 30
[SW1-Vlanif30]ipv6 enable
[SW1-Vlanif30]ipv6 address 2001:0:30::1/64
[SW1-Vlanif30]quit
	
[SW1]interface Vlanif 100
[SW1-Vlanif100]ipv6 enable
[SW1-Vlanif100]ipv6 address 2001::1/64
[SW1-Vlanif100]quit

配置路由器R1启用IPv6功能和接口地址

<Huawei>system-view 
Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.
[Huawei]sysname R1
[R1]ipv6
[R1]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/1
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ipv6 enable
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ipv6 address 2001::2/64
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]

在交换机上配置默认路由，下一跳指向2001::2

[SW1]ipv6 route-static :: 0 2001::2

在路由器配置汇总后的静态路由，下一跳指向2001::1

[R1]ipv6 route-static 2001:: 32 2001::1

• 查验
  查看R1的IPv6路由表信息
  
  测试连通性