英语基础-定语从句

Posted 2023-03-04 aiguangyuan

用一个从句来做定语。

1. 什么是定语从句？

1. 从句 = 引导词 + 句子（主语 + 谓语）；

2. 定语是来修饰名词的，位置是 "前小后大"；

定语从句的特征：名词+引导词+（主）谓；

I like the gift which you give me.

2. 怎么确定引导词？ 方法一

定语从句的引导词根据先行词的种类，共分为5类：

1. 先行词是 人 ：who / whom / whose

2. 先行词是 物 ：that / which / whose 

3. 先行词是 时间：that / which / when

4. 先行词是 地点：that / which / where

5. 先行词是 原因：that / which / why

注意：定语从句里面引导词没有What

2.1. 引导词选择练习题

1. 小红就是喜欢我的那个女孩。

 Hong is the girl  who loves me.

2. 小红就是我喜欢的那个女孩。

 Hong is the girl  who / whom  I love.

3. 小红就是头发很长的那个女孩。

 Hong is the girl  whose hair is really long.

4. 这是我通过考试的原因。

This is the reason  why  I passed the examination.

5. 这是一个听起来不错的理由。

This is a reason which / that sounds good.

6. 我记得我遇见你的那一年。

I remember the year when I met you.

7. 我记得我们一起度过的那一年。

I remember the year that / which  we spent.

8. 我喜欢这个很多老人跑步的公园。

I like the park where many old people run.

9. 我喜欢这个在我们学校附近的公园。

I like the park  that / which is near our school.

3. 怎么确定引导词？ 方法二

从句不完整时：that / which / who（主）/ whom（宾）

从句完整时：whose / why / when / where 

3.1. 引导词选择练习题 

1. I have a book that  / which is red.

2. I have a book  whose cover is red.

3. I have a book that / which you bought for me last week.

4. You can talk with the boy  whose coat is red.

5. You can talk with the boy who  is crying in the room.

6. I cannot forget the day  when  I lost you.

7. I cannot forget the day that / which  you spent with me.

8. I go to the supermarket  that / which is huge.

9. I go to the supermarket  whose  door is huge.

10. I go to the supermarket where people buy eggs.

11. This is the reason  why  I win the competition.

12. This is the reason  that / which  I told you.

 

4. 定语从句练习 - 翻译下列句子

1. 我喜欢有故事的人。

I have a passion for people who have stories.

2. 那些家乡被破坏的孩子很可怜。

Those children whose hometown is destroyed  are poor .

3. 我们要尊重那些有梦想的孩子。

We ought to show respect to those kids who posses dreams.

4. 她很喜欢男朋友送给她的裙子。

She very likes the skirt that her boyfriend gives her.

5. 这次比赛就是一场大家互相鼓励的活动。

Thie competition proves an activity where everyone encourages each other.

6. 小明的妈妈在他到达机场的那天清理了屋子。

Ming's mother cleaned the house that day when he arrived at the airport.

5. 课后作业 - 试着翻译下列句子

1. 女孩子喜欢粉色的花儿。

Girls like pink flowers.

Girls like flowers that are pink. 

2. 我喜欢做有益的运动。

I enjoy playing benficial exercises.

I enjoy playing exercises wihch are benficial.

3. 那个和你一样高的女孩是你妹妹吗？

Is that girl as tall as you your sister?

Is that girl who is as tall as you your sister?

4. 我们学校有一个很和蔼的教授。

There is an amiable professor in our school.

There is a professor who is amiable in our school.

5. 那个穿着红色连衣裙的女人就是小明的妈妈。

That lady in a red dress is Ming's mother.

That lady wearing a red dress is Ming's mother.

That lady who wears a red dress is Ming's mother.

6. 他们在这本书里读到一个关于爱情的故事。

They read a tale about rommance in the book .

They read a tale which is about rommance in the book.

7. 我们参加了一场很多人跑步的比赛。

We take part in a game a lot of people run.

We take part in a game where a lot of people run.