oracledataguardbroker如何配置？

Posted 2021-09-04 diuxie

1. 主库环境对比

充分利用主数据库原来环境，仅量不对主库参数配置做过多的修改。

重新创建口令文件

su - oracle

$ orapwd file=\'/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/dbs/orapworcl\' password=oracle entries=10 force=y

2. 修改配置lisener监听文件

说明：添加dgmgrl静态监听配置，为后面的dg broker配置打基础。

$ cat /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/network/admin/listener.ora

LISTENER =
(DESCRIPTION_LIST =

(DESCRIPTION =
  (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.233.200)(PORT = 1521))
  (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC1521))
)

)

SID_LIST_LISTENER =
(SID_LIST =

(SID_DESC =
  (GLOBAL_DBNAME = orcl)
  (ORACLE_HOME = /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1)
  (SID_NAME = orcl)
)
(SID_DESC =
  (GLOBAL_DBNAME = orcl_DGMGRL)
  (ORACLE_HOME = /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1)
  (SID_NAME = orcl)
)

)

ADR_BASE_LISTENER = /u01/app/oracle

其中的GLOBAL_DBNAME具有固定的格式：<db_unique_name>_DGMGRL.<db_domain>。

4. 修改配置tnsname.ora文件

说明：ORCL是主库的服务名，DG是备库的服务名。

$ vi /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/network/admin/tnsnames.ora

ORCL =
(DESCRIPTION =

(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.233.200)(PORT = 1521))
(CONNECT_DATA =
  (SERVER = DEDICATED)
  (SERVICE_NAME = orcl)
)

)

SLAVE =
(DESCRIPTION =

(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.233.150)(PORT = 1521))
(CONNECT_DATA =
  (SERVER = DEDICATED)
  (SERVICE_NAME = slave)
)

)

5. 修改配置成规档模式

1)、检查数据库是否处于归档状态

SQL> archive log list;
SQL> shutdown immediate;
SQL> startup mount;
SQL> alter database archivelog;
SQL> alter database flashback on;
SQL> alter database open;

2)、将主库设置为 FORCE LOGGING 模式

SQL> alter database force logging;
SQL> select force_logging,flashback_on from v$database;

FOR FLASHBACK_ON

---

YES YES

6. 修改主库参数文件

SQL>
alter system set instance_name=\'orcl\' scope=spfile;
alter system set db_unique_name=\'orcl\' scope=spfile;
alter system set local_listener=\'orcl\' scope=spfile;
alter system set log_archive_config=\'DG_CONFIG=(orcl,slave)\';
alter system set log_archive_dest_1=\'LOCATION=/u01/archivelog/ valid_for=(all_logfiles,all_roles) db_unique_name=orcl\' scope=spfile;
alter system set log_archive_dest_2=\'SERVICE=slave lgwr async valid_for=(online_logfiles,primary_role) db_unique_name=slave\' scope=spfile;
alter system set log_archive_format=\'arch_%r_%t_%s.arc\' scope=spfile;
alter system set fal_client=\'orcl\' scope=spfile;
alter system set fal_server=\'slave\' scope=spfile;
alter system set standby_file_management=AUTO;
alter database add standby logfile group 4 \'/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/standby_redo04.log\' size 50M;
alter database add standby logfile group 5 \'/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/standby_redo05.log\' size 50M;
alter database add standby logfile group 6 \'/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/standby_redo06.log\' size 50M;
alter database add standby logfile group 7 \'/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/standby_redo07.log\' size 50M;

SQL> shutdown immediate;
SQL> startup;

三、备库配置

1. 备库环境

操作系统版本 : OEL5.8 x64
数据库版本 : Oracle 11.2.0.3 x64 （只安装oracle数据库软件,no netca dbca）
数据库名 : slave
数据库SID : slave
db_unique_name: slave
instance_name : slave
DGMGRL : slave_DGMGRL

2. 修改配置lisener监听文件

$ vi /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/network/admin/listener.ora

LISTENER =
(DESCRIPTION_LIST =

(DESCRIPTION =
  (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.233.150)(PORT = 1521))
  (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC1521))
)

)

SID_LIST_LISTENER =
(SID_LIST =

(SID_DESC =
  (GLOBAL_DBNAME = slave)
  (ORACLE_HOME = /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1)
  (SID_NAME = slave)
)
(SID_DESC =
  (GLOBAL_DBNAME = slave_DGMGRL)
  (ORACLE_HOME = /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1)
  (SID_NAME = slave)
)

)

ADR_BASE_LISTENER = /u01/app/oracle

其中的GLOBAL_DBNAME具有固定的格式：<db_unique_name>_DGMGRL.<db_domain>。

3. 修改配置tnsname.ora文件

说明：ORCL是主库的服务名，DG是备库的服务名。

$ vi /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/network/admin/tnsnames.ora

ORCL =
(DESCRIPTION =

(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.233.200)(PORT = 1521))
(CONNECT_DATA =
  (SERVER = DEDICATED)
  (SERVICE_NAME = orcl)
)

)

SLAVE =
(DESCRIPTION =

(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.233.150)(PORT = 1521))
(CONNECT_DATA =
  (SERVER = DEDICATED)
  (SERVICE_NAME = slave)
)

)

测试服务名连通性：

tnsping orcl
tnsping slave

3. 创建11g数据库基本目录

su - oracle

mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/admin/slave/{adump,dpdump,pfile,scripts}
mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/oradata/slave
mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/slave
mkdir -p /u01/archivelog

4. 拷贝主库口令文件并改名

注：10g DG环境只要求密码相同，11g DG则要求与主库完全一致。
否则报无权限错误。

$ cd /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/dbs/
$ $ORACLE_HOME/dbs/
$ mv orapworcl orapwslave

测试远程登录

$ sqlplus as sysdba;
$ sqlplus as sysdba;

5. 启动到nomount状态

$ echo \'db_name=slave\' > $ORACLE_HOME/dbs/initslave.ora
$ sqlplus /nolog
SQL> conn / as sysdba;
SQL> startup nomount;

四、 开始在RMAN duplicate数据库

1. RMAN同进连接主库与备库

$ rman target auxiliary

恢复管理器: Release 11.2.0.3.0 - Production on 星期五 8月 16 21:14:10 2013
Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

已连接到目标数据库: ORCL (DBID=1351417842)
已连接到辅助数据库: SLAVE (未装载)

2. 开始duplicate数据库

RMAN>

run {
allocate channel c1 type disk;
allocate channel c2 type disk;
allocate auxiliary channel stby type disk;
duplicate target database for standby nofilenamecheck from active database
dorecover
spfile
parameter_value_convert \'orcl\',\'slave\'
set instance_name=\'slave\'
set db_unique_name=\'slave\'
set local_listener=\'slave\'
set db_file_name_convert=\'/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/\',\'/u01/app/oracle/oradata/slave/\'
set log_file_name_convert=\'/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/\',\'/u01/app/oracle/oradata/slave/\'
set control_files=\'/u01/app/oracle/oradata/slave/control01.ctl\',\'/u01/app/oracle/oradata/slave/control02.ctl\',\'/u01/app/oracle/oradata/slave/control03.ctl\'
set log_archive_dest_1=\'LOCATION=/u01/archivelog/ valid_for=(all_logfiles,all_roles) db_unique_name=slave\'
set log_archive_dest_2=\'SERVICE=orcl lgwr async valid_for=(online_logfile,primary_role) db_unique_name=orcl\'
set log_archive_max_processes=\'5\'
set standby_file_management=\'AUTO\'
set fal_client=\'slave\'
set fal_server=\'orcl\';
release channel c1;
release channel c2;
release channel stby;
}

RMAN> quit
恢复管理器完成。

3. 查看备库状态

说明：duplicate数据库之后，备库只是处于mount状态，查看页游库状态。

$ sqlplus / as sysdba

查看备库状态

SQL> select open_mode,database_role,db_unique_name from v$database;

OPEN_MODE DATABASE_ROLE DB_UNIQUE_NAME

---

MOUNTED PHYSICAL STANDBY slave

4. 将备库置与应用日志模式状态

SQL> alter database recover managed standby database using current logfile disconnect from session;
Database altered.

5. 验证物理备库日志应用

1）主库上操作

SQL> conn / as sysdba;
SQL> create user abc identified by abc ;
SQL> grant dba to abc;
SQL> conn abc/abc
SQL> create tablwww.pizei.come abc ( id integer , name char(10));
SQL> insert into abc values ( 0 , \'aaa\' );
SQL> commit;

SQL> conn / as sysdba;

SQL> archive log list;
数据库日志模式 存档模式
自动存档 启用
存档终点 /u01/archivelog/
最早的联机日志序列 8
下一个存档日志序列 10
当前日志序列 10

2）备库上验证

SQL> archive log list
数据库日志模式 存档模式
自动存档 启用
存档终点 /u01/archivelog/
最早的联机日志序列 9
下一个存档日志序列 0
当前日志序列 10

SQL> select sequence#,first_time,next_time,applied from v$archived_log order by sequence#;

SEQUENCE# FIRST_TIME NEXT_TIME APPLIED

---

     7 16-8月 -13     16-8月 -13     YES
     8 16-8月 -13     16-8月 -13     YES
     9 16-8月 -13     16-8月 -13     IN-MEMORY

经过测试，Oracle 11g dataguard物理备库创建成功。

将备库置于Active DataGuard模式

在Oracle 11g之前，物理备库（physical Standby）在应用redo的时候，数据库需要处于mount状态。从11g开始，应用redo的时候，物理备库可以处于read-only模式，这就称为Active Data Guard，这种状态可以实现实时查询功能。

1. 备库上操作

1) 查看备库当前状态 mount

SQL> select open_mode,database_role,db_unique_name from v$database;

OPEN_MODE DATABASE_ROLE DB_UNIQUE_NAME

---

MOUNTED PHYSICAL STANDBY slave

2) 取消备库的自动恢复

SQL> alter database recover managed standby database cancel;
数据库已更改。

3) OPEN备库为只读模式（Dataguard只能启动到readonly模式）

SQL> alter database open;
数据库已更改。

SQL> select open_mode,database_role,db_unique_name from v$database;

OPEN_MODE DATABASE_ROLE DB_UNIQUE_NAME

---

READ ONLY PHYSICAL STANDBY slave

4）打开实时应用状态模式

SQL> alter database recover managed standby database using current logfile disconnect;
数据库已更改。

SQL> select open_mode,database_role,db_unique_name from v$database;

OPEN_MODE DATABASE_ROLE DB_UNIQUE_NAME