JUnit单元测试

Posted 2021-09-03 怪人叙谎言

JUnit单元测试
一.JUnit介绍
JUnit是Java中最有名的单元测试框架，用于编写和运行可重复的测试，多数Java的开发环境都已经集成了JUnit作为单元测试的工具。好的单元测试能极大的提高开发效率和H5游戏。
测试类命名规则：被测试类+Test，如UserServiceTest
测试用例命名规则：test+用例方法，如testGet
Maven导入junit、sprint-test 

<dependencies>
    <!-- Test Unit -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>junit</groupId>
        <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
        <version>4.12</version>
        <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
        <version>4.3.10.RELEASE</version>
        <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>
    <!-- Json断言测试 -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>com.jayway.jsonpath</groupId>
        <artifactId>json-path</artifactId>
        <version>2.4.0</version>
        <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
    <plugins>
        <!-- 单元测试插件 -->
        <plugin>
            <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
            <artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
            <version>2.20</version>
            <dependencies>
                <dependency>
                    <groupId>org.apache.maven.surefire</groupId>
                    <artifactId>surefire-junit4</artifactId>
                    <version>2.20</version>
                </dependency>
            </dependencies>
            <configuration>
                <!-- 是否跳过测试 -->
                <skipTests>false</skipTests>
                <!-- 排除测试类 -->
                <excludes>
                    <exclude>**/Base*</exclude>
                </excludes>
            </configuration>
        </plugin>
    </plugins>
</build>

 
二.Service层测试示例
创建Service层测试基类，新建BaseServiceTest.java

// 配置Spring中的测试环境
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
// 指定Spring的配置文件路径
@ContextConfiguration(locations = {"classpath*:/spring/applicationContext.xml"})
// 测试类开启事务,需要指定事务管理器,默认测试完成后,数据库操作自动回滚
@Transactional(transactionManager = "transactionManager")
// 指定数据库操作不回滚,可选
@Rollback(value = false)
public class BaseServiceTest {
}
测试UserService类，新建测试类UserServiceTest.java
public class UserServiceTest extends BaseServiceTest {

private static final Logger LOGGER = LoggerFactory.getLogger(UserServiceTest.class);

@Resource
private UserService userService;

@Test
public void testGet() {
    UserDO userDO = userService.get(1);

    Assert.assertNotNull(userDO);
    LOGGER.info(userDO.getUsername());

    // 增加验证断言
    Assert.assertEquals("testGet faield", "Google", userDO.getUsername());
}

}