var duplicates = judges
.GroupBy(x => x.LastName) // group matching items
.Where(g => g.Skip(1).Any()) // where the group contains more than one item
.SelectMany(g => g); // re-expand the groups with more than one item
// or if you want a distinct list
//var duplicates = judges.GroupBy(s => s.LastName)
// .SelectMany(grp => grp.Skip(1));
judges = duplicates.ToList();