from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
soup = BeautifulSoup(open("index.html"))
soup = BeautifulSoup("<html>data</html>")
# HTML
soup.prettify() #pretty print
str(soup) # non-pretty print
# String
soup.get_text() #all text under the element
search.pyhttps://www.crummy.com/software/BeautifulSoup/bs4/doc/
#-------------------------
# css selector
#-------------------------
css_soup.select("p.strikeout.body")
soup.select("p nth-of-type(3)") # 3rd child
soup.select("head > title")
soup.select("p > a:nth-of-type(2)")
soup.select("p > #link1") # direct child
soup.select("#link1 ~ .sister") # sibling
soup.select('a[href]') # existence of an attribute
soup.select_one(".sister")
# attribute value
soup.select('a[href="http://example.com/elsie"]') # exact attribute
soup.select('a[href^="http://example.com/"]') # negative match
soup.select('a[href$="tillie"]') # end match
soup.select('a[href*=".com/el"]') # middle match
#-------------------------
# basic
#-------------------------
soup.find_all('b') # match by tag
soup.find_all(re.compile("^b")) # match by tag using regex
soup.find_all(["a", "b"]) # match by tag in list
# function (complex condition)
def has_class_but_no_id(tag):
return tag.has_attr('class') and not tag.has_attr('id')
soup.find_all(has_class_but_no_id)
#-------------------------
# find_all_api
#-------------------------
find_all(name, attrs, recursive, string, limit, **kwargs)
soup.find_all("title") # tag condition
soup.find_all("p", "title") # tag and attr
# [<p class="title"><b>The Dormouse's story</b></p>]
soup.find_all("a")
# keyword arguments
soup.find_all(id="link2")
soup.find_all(href=re.compile("elsie"), id='link1')
soup.find(string=re.compile("sisters")) # text contain sisters
# css class (class is researved keyword)
soup.find_all("a", class_="sister")
#-----------------------------
# going up/down/side
#-----------------------------
# ----- going down -----
soup.head# <head><title>The Dormouse's story</title></head>
soup.title# <title>The Dormouse's story</title>
soup.body.b # <b>The Dormouse's story</b>
soup.a # <a class="sister" href="http://example.com/elsie" id="link1">Elsie</a>
soup.find_all('a')
# [<a class="sister" href="http://example.com/elsie" id="link1">Elsie</a>,
# <a class="sister" href="http://example.com/lacie" id="link2">Lacie</a>,
# <a class="sister" href="http:
# children = contents
head_tag.contents # [<title>The Dormouse's story</title>]
head_tag.children # [<title>The Dormouse's story</title>]
# descendants (all of a tag’s children, recursively)
for child in head_tag.descendants:
print(child)
# .string is tricky
head_tag.contents # [<title>The Dormouse's story</title>]
head_tag.string # u'The Dormouse's story' (because head tag has only one child)
print(soup.html.string) # None (because html has many children)
# whitespace removed strings
for string in soup.stripped_strings:
print(repr(string))
# ----- going up -----
title_tag.parent # <head><title>The Dormouse's story</title></head>
# going up recursively
link.parents # [ p, body, html, [document], None]
# ----- sideway -----
# sibling = include text node
sibling_soup.b.next_sibling
sibling_soup.c.previous_sibling
# multiple
sibling_soup.b.next_siblings
sibling_soup.c.previous_siblings
# element = not include text node
sibling_soup.b.next_element
sibling_soup.c.previous_element
sibling_soup.b.next_elements
sibling_soup.c.previous_elements
#----------------------------
# change exisitng tag
#----------------------------
tag.name = "blockquote" # modify tag name
tag['class'] = 'verybold' # modify tag attribute
del tag['class'] # delete attribute
tag.string= 'not too bold' # modify tag contents string
tag.append(" but bolder than usual") # append tag contents
#----------------------------
# insert tag
#----------------------------
new_tag = soup.new_tag("a", href="http://www.example.com")
original_tag.append(new_tag) # create child
new_tag.string = "Link text." # can edit element after creating child
soup.b.string.insert_before(tag)
soup.b.i.insert_after(soup.new_string(" ever "))
#----------------------------
# delete tag
#----------------------------
soup.i.clear() # removes the contents
i_tag = soup.i.extract() # completely removes a tag from tree and returns the element
soup.i.decompose() # completely removes a tag from tree and discard the tag
#----------------------------
# replace/wrap/unwrap tag
#----------------------------
a_tag.i.replace_with(soup.new_tag("b"))
a_tag.i.replace_with(Beautifulsoup("<b>bold element</b>")) # replace inner html
soup.p.string.wrap(soup.new_tag("b"))
a_tag.i.unwrap()
# The SoupStrainer class allows you to choose which parts of an
# incoming document are parsed
from bs4 import SoupStrainer
# conditions
only_a_tags = SoupStrainer("a")
only_tags_with_id_link2 = SoupStrainer(id="link2")
def is_short_string(string):
return len(string) < 10
only_short_strings = SoupStrainer(string=is_short_string)
# execute parse
BeautifulSoup(html_doc, "html.parser", parse_only=only_a_tags)
BeautifulSoup(html_doc, "html.parser", parse_only=only_tags_with_id_link2)
BeautifulSoup(html_doc, "html.parser", parse_only=only_short_strings)