markdown 有用的npm命令和技巧

Posted 2021-05-06

## [npm](https://www.npmjs.com/) v3.10 - :black_medium_small_square:


#### Update npm itself
```
npm install -g npm
# Downgrade to a specific version
npm install -g npm@2
```

#### Check npm version
```
npm --version
```

#### Install a package 
```
# Local 
npm install package-name

# Local + make an entry in package.json as dependency
npm install package-name --save

# Install specific version of a package
npm install package-name@1.2.3

# Global
npm install -g package-name
```

#### Un-install a package
```
# Local
npm uninstall package-name

# Global
npm uninstall package-name -g
```
### Get package info
```
# Home page
npm home package_name
# Github repo
npm repo package_name
```

#### Check for outdated packages in package.json
```
# Local
npm outdated

# Global
npm outdated -g

# Production only
npm outdated --prod
```

#### List installed packages
```
# Local with tree
npm ls

# Local - only parent
npm ls --depth=0

# Global - only parent
npm ls -g --depth=0

# List production packages only
npm ls --prod

```

#### Remove un-used packages from node_modules folder
```
npm prune

# Remove all devDependencies from node_modules 
npm prune --production
```

#### Update all packages listed in package.json
```
npm update
```

#### Update a single package 
```
npm update package_name
```

#### Remove duplicate packages from node_modules
```
npm dedupe
```

#### List packages in cache
```
npm cache ls
```

#### Clean npm cache
```
npm cache clean -f
```

#### :bulb: Bump version number in package.json and create a git [tag](https://git-scm.com/book/en/v2/Git-Basics-Tagging) automatically
```
npm version 1.2.3
```

#### Lockdown package versions for production
```
npm shrinkwrap
# Also include devDependencies
npm shrinkwrap --dev
```

#### Run npm in production (will not download devDependencies)
```
npm install --only=production
```

#### Install a package from github
```
npm install git://github.com/user-name/package-name.git#v0.1.0
# OR
npm install user/repo#v1.0.1
```

#### Install a package from local cache
```
npm install --cache-min 999999 package-name
```

### View package info from its package.json file
```
npm view package_name property_in_json
```

### npm install -g without sudo
```
mkdir ~/.npm-global
npm config set prefix '~/.npm-global'
chown -r user_name '~/.npm-global'
```
### Some npm global configs
```
npm config set save-prefix ~
npm config set save-exact true
npm config set engine-strict true
npm config set ignore-scripts
npm config set init.author.name your_name  
npm config set init.author.email your_email  
```

### Enable Auto completion
```
npm completion >> ~/.bashrc
```


* Package.json extended [docs](https://docs.npmjs.com/files/package.json)
* Package.json [cheatsheet](http://browsenpm.org/package.json)
* [Validate](http://package-json-validator.com/) package.json
* npm alternative - [yarn](https://github.com/yarnpkg/yarn)