markdown AngularJS Git提交消息约定
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Commit Message Conventions
==========================
These rules are adopted from [the Angular commit conventions](https://docs.google.com/document/d/1QrDFcIiPjSLDn3EL15IJygNPiHORgU1_OOAqWjiDU5Y/).
* [Goals](#goals)
* [Generating CHANGELOG.md](#generating-changelogmd)
* [Recognizing unimportant commits](#recognizing-unimportant-commits)
* [Provide more information when browsing the history](#provide-more-information-when-browsing-the-history)
* [Format of the commit message](#format-of-the-commit-message)
* [Subject line](#subject-line)
* [Allowed `<type>`](#allowed-type)
* [Allowed `<scope>`](#allowed-scope)
* [`<subject>` text](#subject-text)
* [Message body](#message-body)
* [Message footer](#message-footer)
* [Breaking changes](#breaking-changes)
* [Referencing issues](#referencing-issues)
* [Examples](#examples)
Goals
-----
* allow generating CHANGELOG.md by script
* allow ignoring commits by git bisect (not important commits like formatting)
* provide better information when browsing the history
Generating CHANGELOG.md
-----------------------
We use these three sections in changelog: new features, bug fixes, breaking changes.
This list could be generated by script when doing a release. Along with links to related commits.
Of course you can edit this change log before actual release, but it could generate the skeleton.
List of all subjects (first lines in commit message) since last release:
```bash
git log <last tag> HEAD --pretty=format:%s
```
New features in this release
```bash
git log <last release> HEAD --grep feature
```
### Recognizing unimportant commits
These are formatting changes (adding/removing spaces/empty lines, indentation), missing semi colons, comments. So when you are looking for some change, you can ignore these commits - no logic change inside this commit.
When bisecting, you can ignore these by:
```bash
git bisect skip $(git rev-list --grep irrelevant <good place> HEAD)
```
### Provide more information when browsing the history
This would add kinda “context” information.
Look at these messages (taken from last few angular’s commits):
* Fix small typo in docs widget (tutorial instructions)
* Fix test for scenario.Application - should remove old iframe
* docs - various doc fixes
* docs - stripping extra new lines
* Replaced double line break with single when text is fetched from Google
* Added support for properties in documentation
All of these messages try to specify where is the change. But they don’t share any convention...
Look at these messages:
* fix comment stripping
* fixing broken links
* Bit of refactoring
* Check whether links do exist and throw exception
* Fix sitemap include (to work on case sensitive linux)
Are you able to guess what’s inside ? These messages miss place specification...
So maybe something like parts of the code: docs, docs-parser, compiler, scenario-runner, …
I know, you can find this information by checking which files had been changed, but that’s slow. And when looking in git history I can see all of us tries to specify the place, only missing the convention.
---
Format of the commit message
----------------------------
```
<type>(<scope>): <subject>
<BLANK LINE>
<body>
<BLANK LINE>
<footer>
```
Any line of the commit message cannot be longer 100 characters! This allows the message to be easier to read on github as well as in various git tools.
### Subject line
Subject line contains succinct description of the change.
#### Allowed `<type>`
* feat (feature)
* fix (bug fix)
* docs (documentation)
* style (formatting, missing semi colons, …)
* refactor
* test (when adding missing tests)
* chore (maintain)
#### Allowed `<scope>`
Scope could be anything specifying place of the commit change. For example $location, $browser, $compile, $rootScope, ngHref, ngClick, ngView, etc...
#### `<subject>` text
* use imperative, present tense: “change” not “changed” nor “changes”
* don't capitalize first letter
* no dot (.) at the end
### Message body
* just as in <subject> use imperative, present tense: “change” not “changed” nor “changes”
* includes motivation for the change and contrasts with previous behavior
http://365git.tumblr.com/post/3308646748/writing-git-commit-messages
http://tbaggery.com/2008/04/19/a-note-about-git-commit-messages.html
### Message footer
#### Breaking changes
All breaking changes have to be mentioned in footer with the description of the change, justification and migration notes
```
BREAKING CHANGE: isolate scope bindings definition has changed and
the inject option for the directive controller injection was removed.
To migrate the code follow the example below:
Before:
scope: {
myAttr: 'attribute',
myBind: 'bind',
myExpression: 'expression',
myEval: 'evaluate',
myAccessor: 'accessor'
}
After:
scope: {
myAttr: '@',
myBind: '@',
myExpression: '&',
// myEval - usually not useful, but in cases where the expression is assignable, you can use '='
myAccessor: '=' // in directive's template change myAccessor() to myAccessor
}
The removed `inject` wasn't generaly useful for directives so there should be no code using it.
```
#### Referencing issues
Closed bugs should be listed on a separate line in the footer prefixed with "Closes" keyword like this:
```
Closes #234
```
or in case of multiple issues:
```
Closes #123, #245, #992
```
Examples
--------
```
feat($browser): onUrlChange event (popstate/hashchange/polling)
Added new event to $browser:
- forward popstate event if available
- forward hashchange event if popstate not available
- do polling when neither popstate nor hashchange available
Breaks $browser.onHashChange, which was removed (use onUrlChange instead)
```
```
fix($compile): couple of unit tests for IE9
Older IEs serialize html uppercased, but IE9 does not...
Would be better to expect case insensitive, unfortunately jasmine does
not allow to user regexps for throw expectations.
Closes #392
Breaks foo.bar api, foo.baz should be used instead
```
```
feat(directive): ng:disabled, ng:checked, ng:multiple, ng:readonly, ng:selected
New directives for proper binding these attributes in older browsers (IE).
Added coresponding description, live examples and e2e tests.
Closes #351
```
```
style($location): add couple of missing semi colons
```
```
docs(guide): updated fixed docs from Google Docs
Couple of typos fixed:
- indentation
- batchLogbatchLog -> batchLog
- start periodic checking
- missing brace
```
```
feat($compile): simplify isolate scope bindings
Changed the isolate scope binding options to:
- @attr - attribute binding (including interpolation)
- =model - by-directional model binding
- &expr - expression execution binding
This change simplifies the terminology as well as
number of choices available to the developer. It
also supports local name aliasing from the parent.
BREAKING CHANGE: isolate scope bindings definition has changed and
the inject option for the directive controller injection was removed.
To migrate the code follow the example below:
Before:
scope: {
myAttr: 'attribute',
myBind: 'bind',
myExpression: 'expression',
myEval: 'evaluate',
myAccessor: 'accessor'
}
After:
scope: {
myAttr: '@',
myBind: '@',
myExpression: '&',
// myEval - usually not useful, but in cases where the expression is assignable, you can use '='
myAccessor: '=' // in directive's template change myAccessor() to myAccessor
}
The removed `inject` wasn't generaly useful for directives so there should be no code using it.
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