text 给定无向图G =（V，E），其中V是非空集合，称为顶点集; E是V中元素构成的无序二元组的集合，称为边集，无向图中的边均是顶点的无序对，无序对常用圆括号“（）”表示。如果U∈V，且对任意两个

Posted 2021-05-01

template<class T>
class MaxHeap
{
	public:
		MaxHeap(int MaxHeapSize = 10);
		~MaxHeap() {delete [] heap;}
        int Size() const {return CurrentSize;}
 
        T Max() 
		{          //查
           if (CurrentSize == 0)
		   {
                throw OutOfBounds();
		   }
           return heap[1];
        }
 
		MaxHeap<T>& Insert(const T& x); //增
		MaxHeap<T>& DeleteMax(T& x);   //删
 
		void Initialize(T a[], int size, int ArraySize);
 
	private:
		int CurrentSize, MaxSize;
		T *heap;  // element array
};
 
template<class T>
MaxHeap<T>::MaxHeap(int MaxHeapSize)
{// Max heap constructor.
	MaxSize = MaxHeapSize;
	heap = new T[MaxSize+1];
	CurrentSize = 0;
}
 
template<class T>
MaxHeap<T>& MaxHeap<T>::Insert(const T& x)
{// Insert x into the max heap.
	if (CurrentSize == MaxSize)
	{
		cout<<"no space!"<<endl; 
		return *this; 
	}
 
    // 寻找新元素x的位置
    // i——初始为新叶节点的位置，逐层向上，寻找最终位置
	int i = ++CurrentSize;
	while (i != 1 && x > heap[i/2])
	{
		// i不是根节点，且其值大于父节点的值，需要继续调整
		heap[i] = heap[i/2]; // 父节点下降
		i /= 2;              // 继续向上，搜寻正确位置
    }
 
   heap[i] = x;
   return *this;
}
 
template<class T>
MaxHeap<T>& MaxHeap<T>::DeleteMax(T& x)
{// Set x to max element and delete max element from heap.
	// check if heap is empty
	if (CurrentSize == 0)
	{
		cout<<"Empty heap!"<<endl; 
		return *this; 
	}
 
	x = heap[1]; // 删除最大元素
	// 重整堆
	T y = heap[CurrentSize--]; // 取最后一个节点，从根开始重整
 
	// find place for y starting at root
	int i = 1,  // current node of heap
	   ci = 2; // child of i
 
	while (ci <= CurrentSize) 
    {
		// 使ci指向i的两个孩子中较大者
		if (ci < CurrentSize && heap[ci] < heap[ci+1])
		{
			ci++;
		}
		// y的值大于等于孩子节点吗？
		if (y >= heap[ci])
		{
			break;   // 是，i就是y的正确位置，退出
		}
 
		// 否，需要继续向下，重整堆
		heap[i] = heap[ci]; // 大于父节点的孩子节点上升
		i = ci;             // 向下一层，继续搜索正确位置
		ci *= 2;
    }
 
	heap[i] = y;
	return *this;
}
 
template<class T>
void MaxHeap<T>::Initialize(T a[], int size,int ArraySize)
{// Initialize max heap to array a.
	delete [] heap;
	heap = a;
	CurrentSize = size;
	MaxSize = ArraySize;
 
	// 从最后一个内部节点开始，一直到根，对每个子树进行堆重整
   for (int i = CurrentSize/2; i >= 1; i--)
   {
		T y = heap[i]; // 子树根节点元素
		// find place to put y
		int c = 2*i; // parent of c is target
                   // location for y
		while (c <= CurrentSize) 
		{
			// heap[c] should be larger sibling
			if (c < CurrentSize && heap[c] < heap[c+1])
			{
				c++;
			}
			// can we put y in heap[c/2]?
			if (y >= heap[c])
			{
				break;  // yes
			}
 
			// no
			heap[c/2] = heap[c]; // move child up
			c *= 2; // move down a level
        }
		heap[c/2] = y;
	}
}

//最大团问题 优先队列分支限界法求解 
#include "stdafx.h"
#include "MaxHeap.h"
#include <iostream>
#include <fstream>
using namespace std;
 
const int N = 5;//图G的顶点数
ifstream fin("6d6.txt");   
 
class bbnode
{
	friend class Clique;
	private:
		bbnode *parent;		//指向父节点的指针
		bool LChild;		//左儿子节点标识
};
 
class CliqueNode
{
	friend class Clique;
	public:
		operator int() const
		{	
			return un;
		}
	private:
		int cn,			//当前团的顶点数
			un,			//当前团最大顶点数的上界
			level;		//节点在子集空间树中所处的层次
		bbnode *ptr;	//指向活节点在子集树中相应节点的指针
};
 
class Clique
{
	friend int main(void);
	public:
		int BBMaxClique(int []);
	private:
		void AddLiveNode(MaxHeap<CliqueNode>&H,int cn,int un,int level,bbnode E[],bool ch);
		int **a,		//图G的邻接矩阵
			n;			//图G的顶点数
};
 
int main()
{
	int bestx[N+1];
	int **a = new int *[N+1];  
    for(int i=1;i<=N;i++)    
    {    
        a[i] = new int[N+1];    
    } 
	
	cout<<"图G的邻接矩阵为:"<<endl;
	for(int i=1; i<=N; i++)  
    {  
        for(int j=1; j<=N; j++)  
        {  
            fin>>a[i][j];      
            cout<<a[i][j]<<" ";    
        }  
        cout<<endl;  
    }
 
	Clique c;
	c.a = a;
	c.n = N;
 
	cout<<"图G的最大团顶点个数为："<<c.BBMaxClique(bestx)<<endl;
	cout<<"图G的最大团解向量为："<<endl;
	for(int i=1;i<=N;i++)    
    {   
		cout<<bestx[i]<<" ";
    } 
	cout<<endl;
 
	for(int i=1;i<=N;i++)    
    {   
        delete[] a[i];   
    } 
	delete []a;
	return 0;
}
 
//将活节点加入到子集空间树中并插入到最大堆中
void Clique::AddLiveNode(MaxHeap<CliqueNode> &H, int cn, int un, int level, bbnode E[], bool ch)
{
	bbnode *b = new bbnode;
	b->parent = E;
	b->LChild = ch;
 
	CliqueNode N;
	N.cn = cn;
	N.ptr = b;
	N.un = un;
	N.level = level;
	H.Insert(N);
}
 
//解最大团问题的优先队列式分支限界法
int Clique::BBMaxClique(int bestx[])
{
	MaxHeap<CliqueNode> H(1000);
 
	//初始化
	bbnode *E = 0;
	int i = 1,
		cn = 0,
		bestn = 0;
 
	//搜集子集空间树
	while(i!=n+1)//非叶节点
	{
		//检查顶点i与当前团中其他顶点之间是否有边相连
		bool OK = true;
		bbnode *B = E;
		for(int j=i-1; j>0; B=B->parent,j--)
		{
			if(B->LChild && a[i][j]==0)
			{
				OK = false;
				break;
			}
		}
 
		if(OK)//左儿子节点为可行结点
		{
			if(cn+1>bestn)
			{
				bestn = cn + 1;
			}
			AddLiveNode(H,cn+1,cn+n-i+1,i+1,E,true);
		}
 
		if(cn+n-i>=bestn)//右子树可能含有最优解
		{
			AddLiveNode(H,cn,cn+n-i,i+1,E,false);
		}
 
		//取下一扩展节点
		CliqueNode N;
		H.DeleteMax(N); //堆非空
		E = N.ptr;
		cn = N.cn;
		i = N.level;
	}
 
	//构造当前最优解
	for(int j=n; j>0; j--)
	{
		bestx[j] = E->LChild;
		E = E->parent;
	}
 
	return bestn;
}

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