服务器（GUI）在启动后冻结。在控制台中工作正常
Posted
技术标签:
【中文标题】服务器（GUI）在启动后冻结。在控制台中工作正常【英文标题】：Server(GUI) freezes after starting. Works fine in Console 【发布时间】：2021-03-06 08:44:01 【问题描述】：Server(GUI).png
服务器（图形用户界面）
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Data;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Windows.Forms;
using System.Net;
using System.Net.Sockets;
namespace Server_ProfiChat
public partial class Form1 : Form
public Form1()
InitializeComponent();
static readonly object _lock = new object();
static readonly Dictionary<int, TcpClient> list_clients = new Dictionary<int, TcpClient>();
public static void handle_clients(object o)
int id = (int)o;
TcpClient client;
lock (_lock) client = list_clients[id];
while (true)
NetworkStream stream = client.GetStream();
byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
int byte_count = stream.Read(buffer, 0, buffer.Length);
if (byte_count == 0)
break;
string data = Encoding.ASCII.GetString(buffer, 0, byte_count);
broadcast(data);
Console.WriteLine(data);
//var chatline = txtChat.Text;
Form1 formObj = new Form1();
formObj.txtChat.Text += data;
lock (_lock) list_clients.Remove(id);
client.Client.Shutdown(SocketShutdown.Both);
client.Close();
public static void broadcast(string data)
byte[] buffer = Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes(data + Environment.NewLine);
lock (_lock)
foreach (TcpClient c in list_clients.Values)
NetworkStream stream = c.GetStream();
stream.Write(buffer, 0, buffer.Length);
private void btnConnect_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
int count = 1;
string serverIP = txtServerIP.Text;
int serverPort = Int32.Parse(txtServerPort.Text);
TcpListener ServerSocket = new TcpListener(IPAddress.Parse(serverIP), serverPort);
ServerSocket.Start();
while (true)
TcpClient client = ServerSocket.AcceptTcpClient();
lock (_lock) list_clients.Add(count, client);
Console.WriteLine("Someone connected!!");
Thread t = new Thread(handle_clients);
t.Start(count);
count++;
服务器（控制台）
using System;
using System.Threading;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Net;
using System.Net.Sockets;
namespace testServ
class Program
static readonly object _lock = new object();
static readonly Dictionary<int, TcpClient> list_clients = new Dictionary<int, TcpClient>();
static void Main(string[] args)
int count = 1;
TcpListener ServerSocket = new TcpListener(IPAddress.Parse("192.168.0.169"), 123);
ServerSocket.Start();
while (true)
TcpClient client = ServerSocket.AcceptTcpClient();
lock (_lock) list_clients.Add(count, client);
Console.WriteLine("Someone connected!!");
Thread t = new Thread(handle_clients);
t.Start(count);
count++;
public static void handle_clients(object o)
int id = (int)o;
TcpClient client;
lock (_lock) client = list_clients[id];
while (true)
NetworkStream stream = client.GetStream();
byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
int byte_count = stream.Read(buffer, 0, buffer.Length);
if (byte_count == 0)
break;
string data = Encoding.ASCII.GetString(buffer, 0, byte_count);
broadcast(data);
Console.WriteLine(data);
lock (_lock) list_clients.Remove(id);
client.Client.Shutdown(SocketShutdown.Both);
client.Close();
public static void broadcast(string data)
byte[] buffer = Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes(data + Environment.NewLine);
lock (_lock)
foreach (TcpClient c in list_clients.Values)
NetworkStream stream = c.GetStream();
stream.Write(buffer, 0, buffer.Length);
客户端（控制台）
using System;
using System.Threading;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Net;
using System.Net.Sockets;
namespace test_Clie
class Program
static void Main(string[] args)
IPAddress ip = IPAddress.Parse("192.168.0.166");
int port = 123;
TcpClient client = new TcpClient();
client.Connect(ip, port);
Console.WriteLine("client connected!!");
NetworkStream ns = client.GetStream();
Thread thread = new Thread(o => ReceiveData((TcpClient)o));
thread.Start(client);
string s;
while (!string.IsNullOrEmpty((s = Console.ReadLine())))
byte[] buffer = Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes(s);
ns.Write(buffer, 0, buffer.Length);
client.Client.Shutdown(SocketShutdown.Send);
thread.Join();
ns.Close();
client.Close();
Console.WriteLine("disconnect from server!!");
Console.ReadKey();
static void ReceiveData(TcpClient client)
NetworkStream ns = client.GetStream();
byte[] receivedBytes = new byte[1024];
int byte_count;
while ((byte_count = ns.Read(receivedBytes, 0, receivedBytes.Length)) > 0)
Console.Write(Encoding.ASCII.GetString(receivedBytes, 0, byte_count));
Console.Write(ns);
我是初学者，但对我来说这似乎与线程有关？ 也因为它冻结了我看不到其余的是否正常工作，关于如何改进工作流程的任何想法，如寻找错误的确切点？我浪费了很多时间搜索任何东西，因为我不知道如何正确测试、调试和查明我犯的错误。
感谢任何帮助 =))
【问题讨论】：
控制台运行需要多长时间？表格将被锁定相同的时间。为了防止在表单应用程序中锁定，您必须在 BackGroundWorker 中运行代码。 （或异步任务）。 我是初学者，但对我来说似乎与线程有关？回答：是的。特别是您正在使用 UI 线程。它正在等待连接。 而不是lock/Dictionary，使用ConcurrentDictionary，它会做你想做的事，但更好。
【参考方案1】：
流通常完全按照您的要求执行。如果您要求 10 个字节，那么 Read 将不会返回，直到有 10 个字节要返回。 stream.Read 不会做的就是返回更少的字节，因为那是接收到的字节数。
此代码将阻塞，直到读取了 1024 个字节。
byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
int byte_count = stream.Read(buffer, 0, buffer.Length);
if (byte_count == 0)
break;
这是你所期待的吗？
通常，基于字节的协议有一个标头，其中包含有效负载中的字节数。
想象一下下面的协议：
<stx><soh><len><eoh><payload><etx>
要读取一个完整的数据包，您必须读取 4 个字节，然后您必须读取足够的字节来完成有效负载，那么最后一个字节应该是 ETX。
byte[5] header;
stream.Read(buffer, 0, 4);
int payloadLength = header[2];
byte[] payload = new byte[payloadLength];
stream.Read(payload, 0, payloadLength);
stream.Read() == ETX;
【讨论】：
【参考方案2】：TcpListener.AcceptTcpClient 方法正在阻塞。您可以尝试使用它的异步对应物，并结合async/await：
private async void btnConnect_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
/* ... */
TcpClient client = await ServerSocket.AcceptTcpClientAsync();
/* ... */
【讨论】：
以上是关于服务器（GUI）在启动后冻结。在控制台中工作正常的主要内容，如果未能解决你的问题，请参考以下文章