YouTube 还在使用 DASH 吗?

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【中文标题】YouTube 还在使用 DASH 吗?【英文标题】:Is YouTube still using DASH? 【发布时间】:2018-10-27 08:26:25 【问题描述】:

YouTube 是否使用 MPEG-DASH 来传送其视频?

我发现,如果我在 youtube-dl 中为某些视频使用 -F 选项,则没有“DASH 视频”,例如 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Us-TVg40ExM。那么 YouTube 是否保持与服务器的连接并通过 HTTP 请求的“范围”字段请求“一段”视频?还是像 DASH 那样下载固定时间段?

我无法再获得 MPD,例如:How to get .mpd file for a youtube video

谢谢!

【问题讨论】:

【参考方案1】:

是的,YouTube 仍在使用 DASH。它并非在所有视频中都可用,在某些视频中仅有时可用。这是一个视频,其中 DASH 清单始终可用并且实际上用于大多数更高质量的流(您可以看到页面上的播放器响应中不包含 720p60、1080p 和 1080p60):https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AI7ULzgf8RU

YouTube 使用单片段流、通过 HTTP Range 标头的多个片段以及通过 URL 的多个片段。

这是来自 YouTube 的 DASH 清单示例,拍摄于 2021 年 4 月 18 日。为了适应 *** 答案大小限制,我们删除了一些表示形式。

<MPD schemaLocation="urn:mpeg:DASH:schema:MPD:2011 DASH-MPD.xsd" minBufferTime="PT1.500S" profiles="urn:mpeg:dash:profile:isoff-main:2011" type="static" mediaPresentationDuration="PT108.158S">
  <Period>
    <AdaptationSet id="0" mimeType="audio/mp4" subsegmentAlignment="true">
      <Role schemeIdUri="urn:mpeg:DASH:role:2011" value="main" />
      <SegmentList startNumber="0" timescale="1000">
        <SegmentTimeline>
          <S d="5016" />
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          <S d="4969" />
          <S d="5016" />
          <S d="5015" />
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          <S d="5016" />
          <S d="5015" />
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          <S d="5015" />
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          <S d="5015" />
          <S d="4969" />
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          <S d="4970" />
          <S d="5015" />
          <S d="5016" />
          <S d="4969" />
          <S d="3158" />
        </SegmentTimeline>
      </SegmentList>
      <Representation id="139" codecs="mp4a.40.5" audiosamplingRate="22050" startWithSAP="1" band>
        <AudioChannelConfiguration schemeIdUri="urn:mpeg:dash:23003:3:audio_channel_configuration:2011" value="2" />
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          <SegmentURL media="sq/13/dur/5.067" />
          <SegmentURL media="sq/14/dur/5.066" />
          <SegmentURL media="sq/15/dur/5.067" />
          <SegmentURL media="sq/16/dur/5.067" />
          <SegmentURL media="sq/17/dur/5.066" />
          <SegmentURL media="sq/18/dur/5.067" />
          <SegmentURL media="sq/19/dur/5.067" />
          <SegmentURL media="sq/20/dur/5.066" />
          <SegmentURL media="sq/21/dur/5.067" />
          <SegmentURL media="sq/22/dur/1.650" />
        </SegmentList>
      </Representation>
      <Representation id="299" codecs="avc1.64001e"   startWithSAP="1" maxPlayoutRate="1" band frameRate="60">
        <BaseURL>https://r1---sn-0oqxgoxu-3c2e.googlevideo.com/videoplayback/expire/1618776406/ei/9jx8YM-wDNSjgAfPvaeIBQ/ip/ip_removed/id/008ed42f381ff115/itag/299/source/yt_otf/requiressl/yes/mh/ZD/mm/31,29/mn/sn-0oqxgoxu-3c2e,sn-jvhnu5g-n8vy/ms/au,rdu/mv/m/mvi/1/pcm2cms/yes/pl/22/initcwndbps/1563750/vprv/1/ratebypass/yes/mime/video%2Fmp4/otfp/1/otf/1/lmt/1606324665474260/mt/1618754439/fvip/5/keepalive/yes/fexp/24001373,24007246/sparams/expire,ei,ip,id,itag,source,requiressl,vprv,ratebypass,mime,otfp,otf,lmt/sig/AOq0QJ8wRgIhAIJaI4fwVHVMkDdgjeB34DH3q-HjQETXC-TxriUDZHMsAiEA09uSJGQVvEOASZoejTj1-kumWJ_XUgrxvXTOPTkKou8%3D/lsparams/mh,mm,mn,ms,mv,mvi,pcm2cms,pl,initcwndbps/lsig/AG3C_xAwRQIgVfQQG_i51sj2h35e9kBAc2mGE27puFOo_T53ebqETAICIQCzx8G2TaoWD3n2DLPkUksey8YEBDWhKa_FkcXdZklY9Q%3D%3D/</BaseURL>
        <SegmentList>
          <Initialization sourceURL="sq/0" />
          <SegmentURL media="sq/1/dur/5.067" />
          <SegmentURL media="sq/2/dur/5.066" />
          <SegmentURL media="sq/3/dur/5.067" />
          <SegmentURL media="sq/4/dur/5.067" />
          <SegmentURL media="sq/5/dur/5.066" />
          <SegmentURL media="sq/6/dur/5.067" />
          <SegmentURL media="sq/7/dur/5.067" />
          <SegmentURL media="sq/8/dur/5.066" />
          <SegmentURL media="sq/9/dur/5.067" />
          <SegmentURL media="sq/10/dur/5.067" />
          <SegmentURL media="sq/11/dur/5.066" />
          <SegmentURL media="sq/12/dur/5.067" />
          <SegmentURL media="sq/13/dur/5.067" />
          <SegmentURL media="sq/14/dur/5.066" />
          <SegmentURL media="sq/15/dur/5.067" />
          <SegmentURL media="sq/16/dur/5.067" />
          <SegmentURL media="sq/17/dur/5.066" />
          <SegmentURL media="sq/18/dur/5.067" />
          <SegmentURL media="sq/19/dur/5.067" />
          <SegmentURL media="sq/20/dur/5.066" />
          <SegmentURL media="sq/21/dur/5.067" />
          <SegmentURL media="sq/22/dur/1.650" />
        </SegmentList>
      </Representation>
    </AdaptationSet>        
  </Period>
</MPD>

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