OpenCv with Android studio 1.3+ using new gradle - undefined reference

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【中文标题】OpenCv with Android studio 1.3+ using new gradle - undefined reference【英文标题】： 【发布时间】：2015-11-17 05:23:49 【问题描述】：

我在使用原生 OpenCv 2.4.11（3.0.0 也可以）和 android Studio 1.3+ 以及新的 ndk 支持时遇到问题。所有关于 .mk 文件的教程，但我想将它与新的实验性 gradle 一起使用。 使用 Kiran 回答 OpenCV in Android Studio 我在java中实现了正常工作。我还更改了 gradle-wrapper.properties： distributionUrl=https\://services.gradle.org/distributions/gradle-2.5-all.zip build.gradle（应用程序）：

classpath 'com.android.tools.build:gradle-experimental:0.2.0'

build.gradle(module):

apply plugin: 'com.android.model.application'

model 
    android 
        compileSdkVersion = 23
        buildToolsVersion = "23.0.0"

        defaultConfig.with 
            applicationId = "android.overloaded.nativetestv4"
            minSdkVersion.apiLevel = 18
            targetSdkVersion.apiLevel = 23
            versionCode = 1
            versionName = "1.0"
        
    

    android.ndk
        moduleName = "mymodule"
        ldLibs += ['log']
        cppFlags += "-std=c++11" 
        cppFlags += "-fexceptions"
        cppFlags  += "-I$file("C:/DevAndroid/OpenCV-android-sdk/sdk/native/jni/include")".toString()
        cppFlags  += "-I$file("C:/DevAndroid/OpenCV-android-sdk/sdk/native/jni/include/opencv")".toString()

        ldLibs += ["android", "EGL", "GLESv2", "dl", "log", "z"] //added z
        stl = "stlport_static"//"gnustl_shared" changed to stlport static
    

    android.buildTypes 
        release 
            minifyEnabled = false
            proguardFiles += file('proguard-rules.pro')
        
    
    android.productFlavors  //added all productFlavors code
        create("arm") 
            ndk.with 
                abiFilters += "armeabi"
                File curDir = file('./')
                curDir = file(curDir.absolutePath)
                String libsDir = curDir.absolutePath+"\\src\\main\\jniLibs\\armeabi\\" //"-L" +
                ldLibs += libsDir + "libnative_camera_r4.3.0.so"
                ldLibs += libsDir + "libopencv_contrib.a"
                ldLibs += libsDir + "libopencv_core.a"
                ldLibs += libsDir + "libopencv_highgui.a"
                ldLibs += libsDir + "libopencv_imgproc.a"
                ldLibs += libsDir + "libopencv_info.so"
                ldLibs += libsDir + "libopencv_java.so"
                ldLibs += libsDir + "libopencv_legacy.a"
                ldLibs += libsDir + "libopencv_ml.a"
                ldLibs += libsDir + "libopencv_ts.a"
            
        
        create("armv7") 
            ndk.with 
                abiFilters += "armeabi-v7a"
                File curDir = file('./')
                curDir = file(curDir.absolutePath)
                String libsDir = curDir.absolutePath+"\\src\\main\\jniLibs\\armeabi-v7a\\" //"-L" +

               ldLibs += libsDir + "libnative_camera_r4.3.0.so"
               ldLibs += libsDir + "libopencv_contrib.a"
               ldLibs += libsDir + "libopencv_core.a"
               ldLibs += libsDir + "libopencv_highgui.a"
               ldLibs += libsDir + "libopencv_imgproc.a"
               ldLibs += libsDir + "libopencv_info.so"
               ldLibs += libsDir + "libopencv_java.so"
               ldLibs += libsDir + "libopencv_legacy.a"
               ldLibs += libsDir + "libopencv_ml.a"
               ldLibs += libsDir + "libopencv_ts.a"
            
         
         create("fat") 
         
     
    dependencies 
        compile fileTree(include: ['*.jar'], dir: 'libs')
        compile 'com.android.support:appcompat-v7:23.0.0'
        compile project(':openCVLibrary2411')

通过这些更改，我可以在 jni 文件夹下的 c++ 文件中调用我的原生虚拟函数。 CLion 还支持#include <opencv2/core/core.hpp> 和其他人...当我声明 cv::Mat mat;给我这个错误：

Linker failed while linking libmymodule.so failed.
C:\DevAndroid\OpenCV-android-sdk\sdk\native\jni\include/opencv2/core/mat.hpp:278: error: undefined reference to 'cv::fastFree(void*)'
C:\DevAndroid\OpenCV-android-sdk\sdk\native\jni\include/opencv2/core/mat.hpp:367: error: undefined reference to 'cv::Mat::deallocate()'
collect2.exe: error: ld returned 1 exit status

c++代码：

#include <jni.h>
#include <vector>
#include <string>
#include "helpers.h"
#include <opencv2/core/core.hpp> //This is supported by CLion
#include <opencv2/imgproc/imgproc.hpp>
#include <opencv2/highgui/highgui.hpp>
using namespace std;

extern "C" 
JNIEXPORT jstring JNICALL
Java_android_overloaded_nativetestv4_MainActivity_FuncV1(JNIEnv *env, jclass type) 
    cv::Mat mat; //causing error

    string s = "Cpp v1 - succ ";
    return env->NewStringUTF(s.data());

更新 - 将“z”添加到 ldLibs - 添加了 android.productFlavors 块

现在编译成功，应用程序启动第二次，然后崩溃并显示此消息 事件日志：

IllegalArgumentException: Error while starting native debug session: Unable to find process for android.overloaded.nativetestv4 on device huawei-huawei_y530_u00-64a6513ccd8e

调试信息：

Restart ADB integration and try again
Waiting for process: android.overloaded.nativetestv4
DEVICE SHELL COMMAND: run-as android.overloaded.nativetestv4 mkdir -p /data/data/android.overloaded.nativetestv4/lldb/bin
DEVICE SHELL COMMAND: cat /data/local/tmp/lldb-server | run-as android.overloaded.nativetestv4 sh -c 'cat > /data/data/android.overloaded.nativetestv4/lldb/bin/lldb-server; chmod 700 /data/data/android.overloaded.nativetestv4/lldb/bin/lldb-server'
DEVICE SHELL COMMAND: rm /data/local/tmp/lldb-server
DEVICE SHELL COMMAND: cat /data/local/tmp/start_lldb_server.sh | run-as android.overloaded.nativetestv4 sh -c 'cat > /data/data/android.overloaded.nativetestv4/lldb/bin/start_lldb_server.sh; chmod 700 /data/data/android.overloaded.nativetestv4/lldb/bin/start_lldb_server.sh'
DEVICE SHELL COMMAND: rm /data/local/tmp/start_lldb_server.sh
Now Launching Native Debug Session
Error while starting native debug session: java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: Unable to find process for android.overloaded.nativetestv4 on device huawei-huawei_y530_u00-64a6513ccd8e

日志：

A/libc﹕ Fatal signal 11 (SIGSEGV) at 0x00000000 (code=1), thread 3077 (ed.nativetestv4)

【问题讨论】：

您指向的是标题的位置，而不是实际库的位置。包括“-L”，然后是您在 ldLibraries 中使用的库的名称。 目录中有.so和.a：src/main/jniLibs/。这还不够吗？我是 android 新手，我不太了解 gradle 文件中发生了什么。 【参考方案1】：

经过几周的痛苦，我成功了。这是我对 Android Studio 1.3.1、OpenCv 2.4.11 的正确代码。首先你应该这样做OpenCV in Android Studio （不要使用包含空格的路径，用于项目和 opencv 提取文件夹）然后，让 opencv 成为本机：

gradle-wrapper.properties：

distributionUrl=https\://services.gradle.org/distributions/gradle-2.5-all.zip

build.gradle（应用程序）：

classpath 'com.android.tools.build:gradle-experimental:0.2.0'

build.gradle(模块):

apply plugin: 'com.android.model.application'

model 
    android 
        compileSdkVersion = 23
        buildToolsVersion = "23.0.0"

        defaultConfig.with 
            applicationId = "android.overloaded.nativetestv4"
            minSdkVersion.apiLevel = 18
            targetSdkVersion.apiLevel = 23
            versionCode = 1
            versionName = "1.0"
        
    


    android.ndk
        moduleName = "mymodule"
        ldLibs += ['log']
        cppFlags += "-std=c++11"
        cppFlags += "-fexceptions"
        cppFlags  += "-I$file("C:/DevAndroid/OpenCV-android-sdk/sdk/native/jni/include")".toString()
        cppFlags  += "-I$file("C:/DevAndroid/OpenCV-android-sdk/sdk/native/jni/include/opencv")".toString()



//        ldFlags += linkOpt
        ldLibs += ["android", "EGL", "GLESv2", "dl", "log", "z"]// , "ibopencv_core"
        stl = "gnustl_shared"//"gnustl_static"//"gnustl_shared"//"stlport_static"
    

    android.buildTypes 
        release 
            minifyEnabled = false
            proguardFiles += file('proguard-rules.pro')
        
    

    android.productFlavors 
        create("arm") 
            ndk.with 
                abiFilters += "armeabi"

                File curDir = file('./')
                curDir = file(curDir.absolutePath)
                String libsDir = curDir.absolutePath+"\\src\\main\\jniLibs\\armeabi\\" //"-L" +

                ldLibs += libsDir + "libnative_camera_r4.3.0.so"
                ldLibs += libsDir + "libopencv_contrib.a"
                ldLibs += libsDir + "libopencv_core.a"
                ldLibs += libsDir + "libopencv_highgui.a"
                ldLibs += libsDir + "libopencv_imgproc.a"
                ldLibs += libsDir + "libopencv_info.so"
                ldLibs += libsDir + "libopencv_java.so"
                ldLibs += libsDir + "libopencv_legacy.a"
                ldLibs += libsDir + "libopencv_ml.a"
                ldLibs += libsDir + "libopencv_ts.a"

            
        
        create("armv7") 
            ndk.with 
                abiFilters += "armeabi-v7a"

                File curDir = file('./')
                curDir = file(curDir.absolutePath)
                String libsDir = curDir.absolutePath+"\\src\\main\\jniLibs\\armeabi-v7a\\" //"-L" +

                ldLibs += libsDir + "libnative_camera_r4.3.0.so"
                ldLibs += libsDir + "libopencv_contrib.a"
                ldLibs += libsDir + "libopencv_core.a"
                ldLibs += libsDir + "libopencv_highgui.a"
                ldLibs += libsDir + "libopencv_imgproc.a"
                ldLibs += libsDir + "libopencv_info.so"
                ldLibs += libsDir + "libopencv_java.so"
                ldLibs += libsDir + "libopencv_legacy.a"
                ldLibs += libsDir + "libopencv_ml.a"
                ldLibs += libsDir + "libopencv_ts.a"

            
        
        create("x86") 
            ndk.with 
                abiFilters += "x86"
            
        
        create("mips") 
            ndk.with 
                abiFilters += "mips"
            
        
        create("fat") 

        
    


dependencies 
    compile fileTree(include: ['*.jar'], dir: 'libs')
    compile 'com.android.support:appcompat-v7:23.0.0'
    compile project(':openCVLibrary2411')

.cpp

#include <jni.h>
#include <vector>
#include <string>
#include "helpers.h"
#include <opencv2/core/core.hpp>

using namespace std;

#ifdef __cplusplus
extern "C" 
#endif



JNIEXPORT jstring JNICALL
Java_android_overloaded_nativetestv4_MainActivity_FuncV1(JNIEnv *env, jclass type) 

    cv::Mat mat(33,22, 1);

    string s = "Cpp v1 - succ, rows#:" + Helpers::ToStringNum(mat.rows);
    Helpers::Log(s);

    return env->NewStringUTF(s.data());

.java

package android.overloaded.nativetestv4;

import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.Menu;
import android.view.MenuItem;
import android.widget.TextView;
import android.widget.Toast;

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity

    static 
        System.loadLibrary("mymodule");
    

    public static native String FuncV1();

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState)
    
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        Toast.makeText(this, FuncV1(), Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();

        ((TextView)findViewById(R.id.txtInfo)).setText(FuncV1());

Android Studio 1.5.1、OpenCV 3.1 更新 1.首先你应该这样做OpenCV in Android Studio（不要使用包含空格的路径，用于项目和opencv提取文件夹），之后你应该有正常工作的Java应用程序 2.修改项目根目录下的build.gradle：

buildscript 
    repositories 
        jcenter()
    
    dependencies 
        classpath "com.android.tools.build:gradle-experimental:0.4.0"

        // NOTE: Do not place your application dependencies here; they belong
        // in the individual module build.gradle files
    


allprojects 
    repositories 
        jcenter()
    


task clean(type: Delete) 
    delete rootProject.buildDir
    更改 gradle-wrapper.properties： 
distributionBase=GRADLE_USER_HOME
distributionPath=wrapper/dists
zipStoreBase=GRADLE_USER_HOME
zipStorePath=wrapper/dists
distributionUrl=https\://services.gradle.org/distributions/gradle-2.8-all.zip

    修改opencv模块中的build.gradle：

    apply plugin: 'com.android.model.library'

model 
    android 
        compileSdkVersion = 23
        buildToolsVersion = "23.0.2"
        defaultConfig.with 
            minSdkVersion.apiLevel = 11
            targetSdkVersion.apiLevel = 23
        


    

    android.buildTypes 
        release 
            minifyEnabled = false
            proguardFiles.add(file("proguard-rules.txt"))

    在应用模块中更改 build.gradle：

    apply plugin: 'com.android.model.application'

model 
    android 
        compileSdkVersion = 23
        buildToolsVersion = "23.0.2"

        defaultConfig.with 
            applicationId = "android.overloaded.opencv31v1" //Name of package
            minSdkVersion.apiLevel = 11
            targetSdkVersion.apiLevel = 23
            versionCode = 1
            versionName = "1.0"

        
    

    android.ndk 
        moduleName = "native" // Name of C++ module, for System.loadLibrary("native")
        cppFlags.add("-std=c++11") // Add provisions to allow C++11 functionality
        cppFlags.add("-fexceptions")
        // YOUR OPENCV DIRECTORY!!!
        cppFlags.add("-I$file("C:/DevAndroid/OpenCV-android-sdk/sdk/native/jni/include")".toString()) 
        ldLibs.addAll(["android", "EGL", "GLESv2", "dl", "log", "z"])
        stl = "gnustl_shared"
    

    android.buildTypes 
        release 
            minifyEnabled = false
            proguardFiles.add(file("proguard-rules.txt"))
        
    

    android.productFlavors 
        create("arm") 
            ndk.with
                abiFilters.add("armeabi")

                File curDir = file('./')
                curDir = file(curDir.absolutePath)
                String libsDir = curDir.absolutePath + "\\src\\main\\jniLibs\\armeabi\\"

                ldLibs.add(libsDir + "libopencv_core.a")
                ldLibs.add(libsDir + "libopencv_highgui.a")
                ldLibs.add(libsDir + "libopencv_imgproc.a")
                ldLibs.add(libsDir + "libopencv_java3.so")
                ldLibs.add(libsDir + "libopencv_ml.a")

            
        
        create("armv7") 
            ndk.with 
                abiFilters.add("armeabi-v7a")

                File curDir = file('./')
                curDir = file(curDir.absolutePath)
                String libsDir = curDir.absolutePath + "\\src\\main\\jniLibs\\armeabi-v7a\\"
                ldLibs.add(libsDir + "libopencv_core.a")
                ldLibs.add(libsDir + "libopencv_highgui.a")
                ldLibs.add(libsDir + "libopencv_imgproc.a")
                ldLibs.add(libsDir + "libopencv_java3.so")
                ldLibs.add(libsDir + "libopencv_ml.a")
                ldLibs.add(libsDir + "libopencv_ts.a")

            
        
    
    android.sources
        main
            jni
                source
                    srcDirs += ['src/main/jniMy']
                
            
        
    

dependencies 
    compile fileTree(dir: "libs", include: [$/*.jar/$])
    compile "com.android.support:appcompat-v7:23.1.1" //Do not use 23.2.0 
    compile project(":openCVLibrary310")

    创建目录 app/src/main/jniMy，这是存放你的 .cpp 文件的地方

    可选择在 jniMy 中创建文件 chelper.c，使用以下代码：

    #ifndef OPENCV31V1_CHELPER_H
#define OPENCV31V1_CHELPER_H

#include <jni.h>
#include <vector>
#include <string>
#include <sstream>
#include <android/log.h>

using namespace std;

class Helpers
public:
    template <typename T>
    static string ToStringNum(T tNumber)
        ostringstream ostrStream;
        ostrStream << tNumber;
        return ostrStream.str();
    

    static void Log(string s)
        __android_log_print(ANDROID_LOG_INFO, "My", s.data());
    
    static void Log(std::exception ee)
        string s = "Exception: " + string(ee.what()) ;
        __android_log_print(ANDROID_LOG_INFO, "My", s.data());
    

    static long Time()
        struct timespec now;
        clock_gettime(CLOCK_MONOTONIC, &now);
        return (long)((int64_t)now.tv_sec * 1000LL + now.tv_nsec /1000000LL);
    
    static string Time(long iTime)
        return ToStringNum(Time() - iTime) + "ms";
    

;
#endif //OPENCV31V1_CHELPER_H

    在 jniMy 中创建文件 native_exporter.cpp，使用以下代码：

    #include <jni.h>
#include <string>
#include <opencv2/core/core.hpp>
#include "chelper.h"

extern "C"
JNIEXPORT jstring     JNICALLJava_android_overloaded_opencv31v1_MainActivity_FuncV1(JNIEnv *env,
jclass type) 

    cv::Mat mat(33,22, CV_32FC2);

    string s = "Cpp v1 - succ, rows#:" +Helpers::ToStringNum(mat.rows);
    Helpers::Log(s);
    auto i = 5;
    for (int i2 : 1,3,5)
        Helpers::Log(Helpers::ToStringNum(i2));
    

    return env->NewStringUTF(s.data());

    MainActivity.java 中的代码：

    package android.overloaded.opencv31v1;

import android.os.Bundle;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.SurfaceView;
import android.widget.TextView;
import android.widget.Toast;

import org.opencv.android.CameraBridgeViewBase;
import org.opencv.core.CvType;
import org.opencv.core.Mat;

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements CameraBridgeViewBase.CvCameraViewListener2

    private static void Log(String sMsg)Log.i("My", "MainActivity." + sMsg );

    static
        System.loadLibrary("opencv_java3");
        System.loadLibrary("native");
    

    public native String FuncV1();
    JavaCameraViewCustom2 _javaCameraView; //Similar to JavaCameraView

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState)
    
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        if(getSupportActionBar() != null)getSupportActionBar().hide();
        String sRes = FuncV1();
        Toast.makeText(this, sRes, Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();

        ((TextView)findViewById(R.id.txtInfo)).setText(sRes);

        _javaCameraView = (JavaCameraViewCustom2)findViewById(R.id.cameraView);
        _javaCameraView.setVisibility(SurfaceView.VISIBLE);
        _javaCameraView.setCvCameraViewListener(this);

    

    @Override
    protected void onResume()
    
        super.onResume();
        _javaCameraView.enableView();
    

    @Override
    protected void onPause()
    
        super.onPause();
        _javaCameraView.disableView();
    

    Mat _imgBgrTemp;
    @Override
    public void onCameraViewStarted(int width, int height)
    
        _imgBgrTemp = new Mat(height,width, CvType.CV_8UC4);
    

    @Override
    public void onCameraViewStopped()
    
        _imgBgrTemp.release();
    

    @Override
    public Mat onCameraFrame(CameraBridgeViewBase.CvCameraViewFrame inputFrame)
    
        _imgBgrTemp = inputFrame.rgba();
        return _imgBgrTemp;

Android Studio 会要求你更改 jdk，它还会安装新的 gradle，你应该做它要求的一切。

【讨论】：

您好，我在静态 cv::javaDescriptorExtractor* cv::javaDescriptorExtractor::create(int) 中遇到了`OpenCV 错误：错误参数（不支持指定的描述符提取器类型。），文件/builds/master_pack-android/opencv/modules/features2d/misc/java/src/cpp/features2d_manual.hpp，第374行你能帮我吗？ 我在 Opencv 3.0 中找到了关于 Brief bug code.opencv.org/issues/4419 的页面。也许其他描述符/提取器也受到影响。您可以尝试使用构造函数：BriefDescriptorExtractor brief = BriefDescriptorExtractor(32); （模块）和（应用程序）是什么意思？模块 = openCVLibrary 和应用程序 = 应用程序？或者应用程序是项目的 build.gradle ？泰！ 另外，#include "helpers.h" 有问题，这到底是什么？ @GeraldoNeto 头文件 helpers.h 仅包含日志记录功能。我创建了那个文件，它不重要，只需删除 '#include "helpers.h"'。

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