在javascript中平均2个十六进制颜色

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【中文标题】在javascript中平均2个十六进制颜色【英文标题】:Average 2 hex colors together in javascript 【发布时间】:2011-09-16 01:22:39 【问题描述】:

好吧,我想我会把这个扔出去让大家思考。

给定一个 函数 (用 javascript 编写),它期望两个字符串的格式类似于十六进制颜色(ex #FF0000

返回一个十六进制颜色,它是所传递的两种颜色的平均值。

function averageColors(firstColor,secondColor)

  ...
  return avgColor;

--编辑--

平均值将被定义为

如果传递的颜色是黄色而第二个是浅紫色,则返回的颜色将是中等橙色

【问题讨论】:

您将什么定义为“平均”?这有多种可能的含义,具体取决于您使用的色彩空间等等。 @Amber,我更新了问题以澄清 关于这个的作业的明显气味...... 不抱歉@Marc B 没有作业,只是个人项目。我希望我的 CS 课程能教 JS:/ 【参考方案1】:

以下是一组紧凑的相关(相互依赖)函数:

Hex ⟷ RGB 颜色转换:

function hexToRgb(h)return['0x'+h[1]+h[2]|0,'0x'+h[3]+h[4]|0,'0x'+h[5]+h[6]|0]
function rgbToHex(r,g,b)return"#"+((1<<24)+(r<<16)+(g<<8)+ b).toString(16).slice(1);

计算 2 种十六进制颜色的平均值:需要转换函数(上)

function avgHex(h1,h2)a=hexToRgb(h1);b=hexToRgb(h2); return rgbToHex(~~((a[0]+b[0])/2),~~((a[1]+b[1])/2),~~((a[2]+b[2])/2));

生成随机十六进制颜色:

function rndHex()return'#'+('00000'+(Math.random()*(1<<24)|0).toString(16)).slice(-6);

运行 sn-p 进行演示:

// color functions (average/random/conversion)
function hexToRgb(h)return['0x'+h[1]+h[2]|0,'0x'+h[3]+h[4]|0,'0x'+h[5]+h[6]|0]
function rgbToHex(r,g,b)return"#"+((1<<24)+(r<<16)+(g<<8)+ b).toString(16).slice(1);
function rndHex()return'#'+('00000'+(Math.random()*(1<<24)|0).toString(16)).slice(-6);
function avgHex(h1,h2)a=hexToRgb(h1);b=hexToRgb(h2);return rgbToHex(~~((a[0]+b[0])/2),~~((a[1]+b[1])/2),~~((a[2]+b[2])/2));

//code below is just for the demo
function auto()if(chk.checked)tmr=setInterval(rnd,1000)elseclearTimeout(tmr)auto();
function rnd(go)for(h of[h1,h2])h.value=rndHex();avgInput();
addEventListener('input',avgInput); 
function avgInput() // get avg & colorize
 ha.value=avgHex(h1.value,h2.value);
 for(h of [h1,h2,ha])h.style.background=h.value;
*font-family:monospace;font-size:5vw; 
<label>Color 1 → <input id='h1'></label><br>
<label>Average → <input id='ha'></label><br>
<label>Color 2 → <input id='h2'></label><br>
<label>Type hex colors or <input type='checkbox' id='chk' onclick='auto()' style=' transform: scale(1.5)'checked>Autorandom</label>

【讨论】:

【参考方案2】:

一种按指定百分比混合两种十六进制颜色的快速/脏/方便/ES6 方法:

// blend two hex colors together by an amount
function blendColors(colorA, colorB, amount) 
  const [rA, gA, bA] = colorA.match(/\w\w/g).map((c) => parseInt(c, 16));
  const [rB, gB, bB] = colorB.match(/\w\w/g).map((c) => parseInt(c, 16));
  const r = Math.round(rA + (rB - rA) * amount).toString(16).padStart(2, '0');
  const g = Math.round(gA + (gB - gA) * amount).toString(16).padStart(2, '0');
  const b = Math.round(bA + (bB - bA) * amount).toString(16).padStart(2, '0');
  return '#' + r + g + b;


console.log(blendColors('#00FF66', '#443456', 0.5));

amount 应该是 010 正好是 colorA1 正好是 colorB0.5 是“中点”。

【讨论】:

警告,此代码不做任何输入有效性检查。它假定它将始终接收格式良好的 6 位十六进制颜色。仅在您确定它始终会收到该信息时才使用。【参考方案3】:

参加这个聚会很晚,但我个人一直在寻找一种方法来平均未定义数量的 HEX 值。基于答案@RobG,我想出了这个。当然,您添加的颜色越多,它们得到的棕色/灰色就越多,但是,也许它会有所帮助!

/**
 * Averages an array of hex colors. Returns one hex value (with leading #)
 *
 * @param Array colors - An array of hex strings, e.g. ["#001122", "#001133", ...]
 */
function averageHex(colors) 

  // transform all hex codes to integer arrays, e.g. [[R, G, B], [R,G,B], ...]
  let numbers = colors.map(function(hex) 
    // split in seperate R, G and B
    let split = hex.match(/[\da-z]2/gi);

    // transform to integer values
    return split.map(function(toInt) 
      return parseInt(toInt, 16);
    );
  );

  // reduce the array by averaging all values, resulting in an average [R, G, B]
  let averages = numbers.reduce(function(total, amount, index, array) 
    return total.map(function(subtotal, subindex) 

      // if we reached the last color, average it out and return the hex value
      if (index == array.length - 1) 

        let result = Math.round((subtotal + amount[subindex]) / array.length).toString(16);

        // add a leading 0 if it is only one character
        return result.length == 2 ? '' + result : '0' + result;

       else 
        return subtotal + amount[subindex];
      
    );
  );

  // return them as a single hex string
  return "#" + averages.join('');


console.log(averageHex(["#FF110C", "#0000AA", "#55063d", "#06551e"]));
// expected: #571b44, see also https://www.colorhexa.com/ and enter "#FF110C+#0000AA+#55063d+#06551e"

【讨论】:

嗯,现在我看到 @Endorox 之前的回答正是这样做的......【参考方案4】:

这里是函数

function avgColor(color1, color2) 
  //separate each color alone (red, green, blue) from the first parameter (color1) 
  //then convert to decimal
  let color1Decimal = 
    red: parseInt(color1.slice(0, 2), 16),
    green: parseInt(color1.slice(2, 4), 16),
    blue: parseInt(color1.slice(4, 6), 16)
  
  //separate each color alone (red, green, blue) from the second parameter (color2) 
  //then convert to decimal
  let color2Decimal = 
    red: parseInt(color2.slice(0, 2), 16),
    green: parseInt(color2.slice(2, 4), 16),
    blue: parseInt(color2.slice(4, 6), 16),
  
  // calculate the average of each color (red, green, blue) from each parameter (color1,color2) 
  let color3Decimal = 
    red: Math.ceil((color1Decimal.red + color2Decimal.red) / 2),
    green: Math.ceil((color1Decimal.green + color2Decimal.green) / 2),
    blue: Math.ceil((color1Decimal.blue + color2Decimal.blue) / 2)
  
  //convert the result to hexadecimal and don't forget if the result is one character
  //then convert it to uppercase
  let color3Hex = 
    red: color3Decimal.red.toString(16).padStart(2, '0').toUpperCase(),
    green: color3Decimal.green.toString(16).padStart(2, '0').toUpperCase(),
    blue: color3Decimal.blue.toString(16).padStart(2, '0').toUpperCase()
  
  //put the colors (red, green, blue) together to have the output
  let color3 = color3Hex.red + color3Hex.green + color3Hex.blue
  return color3

console.log(avgColor("FF33CC", "3300FF"))
// avgColor("FF33CC", "3300FF") => "991AE6"

console.log(avgColor("991AE6", "FF0000"))
// avgColor("991AE6", "FF0000") => "CC0D73"

console.log(avgColor("CC0D73", "0000FF"))
// avgColor("CC0D73", "0000FF") => "6607B9"

要检查您可以使用此链接和中点 1,然后混合 https://meyerweb.com/eric/tools/color-blend/#CC0D73:0000FF:1:hex

【讨论】:

【参考方案5】:

我闻起来像家庭作业,但这是我的线索。

取 R、G 和 B 的每个十六进制值,并对它们进行平均。如有必要,转换为十进制以进行数学运算。

function d2h(d) return d.toString(16).padStart(2,'0');

函数 h2d(h) return parseInt(h,16);

然后返回一个包含三个元素的连接值的字符串。

【讨论】:

很好的电话@Deleplace。我更新了添加 .padStart() 的函数。【参考方案6】:

这是我的功能,希望对你有帮助。

function averageColors( colorArray )
    var red = 0, green = 0, blue = 0;

    for ( var i = 0; i < colorArray.length; i++ )
        red += hexToR( "" + colorArray[ i ] + "" );
        green += hexToG( "" + colorArray[ i ] + "" );
        blue += hexToB( "" + colorArray[ i ] + "" );
    

    //Average RGB
    red = (red/colorArray.length);
    green = (green/colorArray.length);
    blue = (blue/colorArray.length);

    console.log(red + ", " + green + ", " + blue);
    return new THREE.Color( "rgb("+ red +","+ green +","+ blue +")" );


//get the red of RGB from a hex value
function hexToR(h) return parseInt((cutHex( h )).substring( 0, 2 ), 16 )

//get the green of RGB from a hex value
function hexToG(h) return parseInt((cutHex( h )).substring( 2, 4 ), 16 )

//get the blue of RGB from a hex value
function hexToB(h) return parseInt((cutHex( h )).substring( 4, 6 ), 16 )

//cut the hex into pieces
function cutHex(h) if(h.charAt(1) == "x")return h.substring( 2, 8 ); else return h.substring(1,7);

【讨论】:

【参考方案7】:

我讨厌听起来像是破烂的 jQuery 记录,但有 jQuery plugin for this already。

【讨论】:

【参考方案8】:

如果您不想打扰很多不必要的东西,只需要几行 POJS:

// Expects input as 'nnnnnn' where each nn is a 
// 2 character hex number for an RGB color value
// e.g. #3f33c6
// Returns the average as a hex number without leading #
var averageRGB = (function () 

  // Keep helper stuff in closures
  var reSegment = /[\da-z]2/gi;

  // If speed matters, put these in for loop below
  function dec2hex(v) return v.toString(16);
  function hex2dec(v) return parseInt(v,16);

  return function (c1, c2) 

    // Split into parts
    var b1 = c1.match(reSegment);
    var b2 = c2.match(reSegment);
    var t, c = [];

    // Average each set of hex numbers going via dec
    // always rounds down
    for (var i=b1.length; i;) 
      t = dec2hex( (hex2dec(b1[--i]) + hex2dec(b2[i])) >> 1 );

      // Add leading zero if only one character
      c[i] = t.length == 2? '' + t : '0' + t; 
    
    return  c.join('');
  
());

【讨论】:

谢谢你,我向你致敬,RobG

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