c++和opencv中的向量下标超出范围错误

Posted 2023-02-21

【中文标题】c++和opencv中的向量下标超出范围错误

【英文标题】：Vector subscript out of range error in c++ and opencv

【发布时间】：2016-04-25 06:14:23

【问题描述】：

我正在尝试编写一个程序，该程序使用 ORB 算法来检测和计算图像的关键点，并使用 FLANN 匹配器匹配描述符向量。 我面临的问题是，每次我在 Visual C++ 上运行程序时，都会收到一条错误消息，提示“向量下标超出范围”（我还附上了错误的图像）。

问题似乎出在 for 的某个地方，因为当我启动调试器时它停在那里并且我得到了错误。当我评论第一个 for 以查看其余部分是否正常时，我在第二个 for 上遇到了同样的错误。

请帮我找出问题。

#include <iostream>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <opencv2/opencv.hpp>
#include <opencv2/features2d.hpp>
#include <opencv2\core\types.hpp>
#include <opencv2\highgui.hpp>
#include <opencv2\core.hpp>
#include <opencv2\opencv_modules.hpp>

using namespace cv;
using namespace std;


int main()



Mat img1 = imread("C:\\Users\\patri\\Desktop\\test.bmp");
Mat img2 = imread("C:\\Users\\patri\\Desktop\\test3.bmp");
/*
if (!img1.data || !img2.data)

    printf(" --(!) Error reading images \n"); return -1;

*/
std::vector<KeyPoint> keypoints_1, keypoints_2;

Mat descriptors_1, descriptors_2;

Ptr<ORB> orb = ORB::create(100, 2, 8, 31, 0, 2, ORB::HARRIS_SCORE, 31, 20);

orb->detectAndCompute(img1, Mat(), keypoints_1, descriptors_1);
orb->detectAndCompute(img2, Mat(), keypoints_2, descriptors_2);

std::cout << "Found " << keypoints_1.size() << " Keypoints " << std::endl;
std::cout << "Found " << keypoints_2.size() << " Keypoints " << std::endl;

Mat out1, out2;
drawKeypoints(img1, keypoints_1, out1, Scalar::all(255));
drawKeypoints(img2, keypoints_2, out2, Scalar::all(255));

imshow("Kpts1", out1);
imshow("Kpts2", out2);
//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// Matching descriptor vectors using FLANN matcher

FlannBasedMatcher matcher;
std::vector< DMatch > matches;
//matcher.match(descriptors_1, descriptors_2, matches);


double max_dist = 0; double min_dist = 100;

//calculation of max and min distances between keypoints
for (int i = 0; i < descriptors_1.rows; i++)

    double dist = matches[i].distance;
    if (dist < min_dist) min_dist = dist;
    if (dist > max_dist) max_dist = dist;


printf("-- Max dist : %f \n", max_dist);
printf("-- Min dist : %f \n", min_dist);


std::vector< DMatch > good_matches;

for (int i = 0; i < descriptors_1.rows; i++)

    if (matches[i].distance <= max(2 * min_dist, 0.02))
    
        good_matches.push_back(matches[i]);
    


//-- Draw only "good" matches
Mat img_matches;
drawMatches(img1, keypoints_1, img2, keypoints_2,
    good_matches, img_matches, Scalar::all(-1), Scalar::all(-1),
    vector<char>(), DrawMatchesFlags::NOT_DRAW_SINGLE_POINTS);

//-- Show detected matches
imshow("Good Matches", img_matches);

for (int i = 0; i < (int)good_matches.size(); i++)

    printf("-- Good Match [%d] Keypoint 1: %d  -- Keypoint 2: %d  \n", i, good_matches[i].queryIdx, good_matches[i].trainIdx);


waitKey(0);

return 0;
   

我遇到的错误

【问题讨论】：

std::vector< DMatch > matches; 为空，但您正尝试在 for 循环中访问其元素。

【参考方案1】：

std::vector< DMatch > matches; 为空，但您正尝试在 for 循环中访问其元素。

std::vector< DMatch > matches;//this creates an empty vector
//you need to push_back some elements in matches before trying to access it in your loops
......

//calculation of max and min distances between keypoints
for (int i = 0; i < descriptors_1.rows; i++)

    double dist = matches[i].distance;//this is trying to access the empty vector
    ......

【参考方案2】：

我认为向量变量good_matches可能有0个size元素，问题代码可能隐藏：

for (int i = 0; i < descriptors_1.rows; i++)

    double dist = matches[i].distance;
    if (dist < min_dist) min_dist = dist;
    if (dist > max_dist) max_dist = dist;