使用 Codable 将接收到的 Int 转换为 Bool 解码 JSON
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【中文标题】使用 Codable 将接收到的 Int 转换为 Bool 解码 JSON【英文标题】:Convert received Int to Bool decoding JSON using Codable 【发布时间】:2017-12-18 19:53:50 【问题描述】:我有这样的结构:
struct JSONModelSettings
let patientID : String
let therapistID : String
var isEnabled : Bool
enum CodingKeys: String, CodingKey
case settings // The top level "settings" key
// The keys inside of the "settings" object
enum SettingsKeys: String, CodingKey
case patientID = "patient_id"
case therapistID = "therapist_id"
case isEnabled = "is_therapy_forced"
extension JSONModelSettings: Decodable
init(from decoder: Decoder) throws
// Extract the top-level values ("settings")
let values = try decoder.container(keyedBy: CodingKeys.self)
// Extract the settings object as a nested container
let user = try values.nestedContainer(keyedBy: SettingsKeys.self, forKey: .settings)
// Extract each property from the nested container
patientID = try user.decode(String.self, forKey: .patientID)
therapistID = try user.decode(String.self, forKey: .therapistID)
isEnabled = try user.decode(Bool.self, forKey: .isEnabled)
和这种格式的 JSON(用于从设置中提取键的结构,无需额外的包装器):
"settings":
"patient_id": "80864898",
"therapist_id": "78920",
"enabled": "1"
问题是如何将“isEnabled”转换为 Bool,(从 API 获取 1 或 0) 当我试图解析响应时,我得到了错误: “应解码 Bool,但找到了一个数字。”
【问题讨论】:
为什么不将forKey: .isEnabled
包装在一个函数中,该函数将返回一个布尔值true
为1,false
为0?
Swift 4.1 修复了这个问题
这个问题的更优雅的解决方案可以在***.com/a/51246308/621571找到
【参考方案1】:
在这些情况下,我通常喜欢将模型保留为 JSON 数据,因此在您的情况下为 Ints。比我向模型添加计算属性以转换为布尔值等
struct Model
let enabled: Int
var isEnabled: Bool
return enabled == 1
【讨论】:
OP 一开始无法解析数据。 因为 OP 试图直接转换为 API 不返回的 bool。【参考方案2】:我的建议是:不要与 JSON 作斗争。尽可能快地把它变成一个 Swift 值,然后在那儿进行你的操作。
您可以定义一个私有的内部结构来保存解码后的数据,如下所示:
struct JSONModelSettings
let patientID : String
let therapistID : String
var isEnabled : Bool
extension JSONModelSettings: Decodable
// This struct stays very close to the JSON model, to the point
// of using snake_case for its properties. Since it's private,
// outside code cannot access it (and no need to either)
private struct JSONSettings: Decodable
var patient_id: String
var therapist_id: String
var enabled: String
private enum CodingKeys: String, CodingKey
case settings
init(from decoder: Decoder) throws
let container = try decoder.container(keyedBy: CodingKeys.self)
let settings = try container.decode(JSONSettings.self, forKey: .settings)
patientID = settings.patient_id
therapistID = settings.therapist_id
isEnabled = settings.enabled == "1" ? true : false
其他 JSON 映射框架,例如 ObjectMapper 允许您将 转换函数 附加到编码/解码过程。看起来Codable
目前没有等价物。
【讨论】:
“不要与 JSON 对抗。”【参考方案3】:属性包装器
要将String
s、Int
s、Double
s 或Bool
s 解码为Bool
,
只需将@SomeKindOfBool
放在布尔属性之前,例如:
@SomeKindOfBool public var someKey: Bool
演示:
struct MyType: Decodable
@SomeKindOfBool public var someKey: Bool
let jsonData = """
[
"someKey": "true" ,
"someKey": "yes" ,
"someKey": "1" ,
"someKey": 1 ,
"someKey": "false" ,
"someKey": "no" ,
"someKey": "0" ,
"someKey": 0
]
""".data(using: .utf8)!
let decodedJSON = try! JSONDecoder().decode([MyType].self, from: jsonData)
for decodedType in decodedJSON
print(decodedType.someKey)
这背后强大的PropertyWrapper实现:
@propertyWrapper
struct SomeKindOfBool: Decodable
var wrappedValue: Bool
init(from decoder: Decoder) throws
let container = try decoder.singleValueContainer()
//Handle String value
if let stringValue = try? container.decode(String.self)
switch stringValue.lowercased()
case "false", "no", "0": wrappedValue = false
case "true", "yes", "1": wrappedValue = true
default: throw DecodingError.dataCorruptedError(in: container, debugDescription: "Expect true/false, yes/no or 0/1 but`\(stringValue)` instead")
//Handle Int value
else if let intValue = try? container.decode(Int.self)
switch intValue
case 0: wrappedValue = false
case 1: wrappedValue = true
default: throw DecodingError.dataCorruptedError(in: container, debugDescription: "Expect `0` or `1` but found `\(intValue)` instead")
//Handle Int value
else if let doubleValue = try? container.decode(Double.self)
switch doubleValue
case 0: wrappedValue = false
case 1: wrappedValue = true
default: throw DecodingError.dataCorruptedError(in: container, debugDescription: "Expect `0` or `1` but found `\(doubleValue)` instead")
else
wrappedValue = try container.decode(Bool.self)
如果您需要实现一个可选的,请查看 this answer here
【讨论】:
【参考方案4】:解码为String
,然后将其转换为Bool
,只需修改代码的一些行:
("0"
是JSON字符串,不能解码为Int
。)
struct JSONModelSettings
let patientID : String
let therapistID : String
var isEnabled : Bool
enum CodingKeys: String, CodingKey
case settings // The top level "settings" key
// The keys inside of the "settings" object
enum SettingsKeys: String, CodingKey
case patientID = "patient_id"
case therapistID = "therapist_id"
case isEnabled = "enabled"//### "is_therapy_forced"?
extension JSONModelSettings: Decodable
init(from decoder: Decoder) throws
// Extract the top-level values ("settings")
let values = try decoder.container(keyedBy: CodingKeys.self)
// Extract the settings object as a nested container
let user = try values.nestedContainer(keyedBy: SettingsKeys.self, forKey: .settings)
// Extract each property from the nested container
patientID = try user.decode(String.self, forKey: .patientID)
therapistID = try user.decode(String.self, forKey: .therapistID)
//### decode the value for "enabled" as String
let enabledString = try user.decode(String.self, forKey: .isEnabled)
//### You can throw type mismatching error when `enabledString` is neither "0" or "1"
if enabledString != "0" && enabledString != "1"
throw DecodingError.typeMismatch(Bool.self, DecodingError.Context(codingPath: user.codingPath + [SettingsKeys.isEnabled], debugDescription: "value for \"enabled\" needs to be \"0\" or \"1\""))
//### and convert it to Bool
isEnabled = enabledString != "0"
【讨论】:
【参考方案5】:现在是 2021 年,我们有更简单的方法在 Swift 5 中使用 PropertyWrappers 解决这个问题。
@propertyWrapper
struct BoolFromInt: Decodable
var wrappedValue: Bool // or use `let` to make it immutable
init(from decoder: Decoder) throws
let container = try decoder.singleValueContainer()
let intValue = try container.decode(Int.self)
switch intValue
case 0: wrappedValue = false
case 1: wrappedValue = true
default: throw DecodingError.dataCorruptedError(in: container, debugDescription: "Expected `0` or `1` but received `\(intValue)`")
用法:
struct Settings: Decodable
@BoolFromInt var isEnabled: Bool
【讨论】:
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