Alpine Linux 的“--update add”命令说明
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【中文标题】Alpine Linux 的“--update add”命令说明【英文标题】:Explanation of the "--update add" command for Alpine Linux 【发布时间】:2017-09-26 15:28:31 【问题描述】:我正在尝试了解 Dockerfile https://hub.docker.com/r/rdsubhas/tor-privoxy-alpine/~/dockerfile/,其中包含一个 RUN
执行官与
apk --update add privoxy tor@testing runit@testing
我想检查一下我对apk
命令的使用方式的理解,所以我尝试在Alpine环境中打开一个终端,如下所示:
docker run -it --rm alpine:latest /bin/ash
之后我只是运行apk
来查看它的用法:
/ # apk
apk-tools 2.6.8, compiled for x86_64.
usage: apk COMMAND [-h|--help] [-p|--root DIR] [-X|--repository REPO]
[-q|--quiet] [-v|--verbose] [-i|--interactive] [-V|--version]
[-f|--force] [-U|--update-cache] [--progress] [--progress-fd FD]
[--no-progress] [--purge] [--allow-untrusted] [--wait TIME]
[--keys-dir KEYSDIR] [--repositories-file REPOFILE] [--no-network]
[--no-cache] [--arch ARCH] [--print-arch] [ARGS]...
The following commands are available:
add Add PACKAGEs to 'world' and install (or upgrade) them, while
ensuring that all dependencies are met
del Remove PACKAGEs from 'world' and uninstall them
fix Repair package or upgrade it without modifying main dependencies
update Update repository indexes from all remote repositories
info Give detailed information about PACKAGEs or repositores
search Search package by PATTERNs or by indexed dependencies
upgrade Upgrade currently installed packages to match repositories
cache Download missing PACKAGEs to cache and/or delete unneeded files
from cache
version Compare package versions (in installed database vs. available) or
do tests on literal version strings
index Create repository index file from FILEs
fetch Download PACKAGEs from global repositories to a local directory
audit Audit the directories for changes
verify Verify package integrity and signature
dot Generate graphviz graphs
policy Show repository policy for packages
stats Show statistics about repositories and installations
Global options:
-h, --help Show generic help or applet specific help
-p, --root DIR Install packages to DIR
-X, --repository REPO Use packages from REPO
-q, --quiet Print less information
-v, --verbose Print more information (can be doubled)
-i, --interactive Ask confirmation for certain operations
-V, --version Print program version and exit
-f, --force Do what was asked even if it looks dangerous
-U, --update-cache Update the repository cache
--progress Show a progress bar
--progress-fd FD Write progress to fd
--no-progress Disable progress bar even for TTYs
--purge Delete also modified configuration files (pkg
removal) and uninstalled packages from cache (cache
clean)
--allow-untrusted Install packages with untrusted signature or no
signature
--wait TIME Wait for TIME seconds to get an exclusive repository
lock before failing
--keys-dir KEYSDIR Override directory of trusted keys
--repositories-file REPOFILE Override repositories file
--no-network Do not use network (cache is still used)
--no-cache Read uncached index from network
--arch ARCH Use architecture with --root
--print-arch Print default arch and exit
This apk has coffee making abilities.
问题是,我在本文档中没有看到 --update
选项(只有 --update-cache
)。
我怀疑apk --update add [package]
只是apk update
后跟apk add [package]
的简写。谁能证实这一点?
【问题讨论】:
你的问题不也是为什么手册页中没有--update
吗?
【参考方案1】:
见https://github.com/gliderlabs/docker-alpine/pull/503
apk --update 标志实际上是 --update-cache。
Apk 使用 getopt_long (3), https://github.com/alpinelinux/apk-tools/blob/v2.10.3/src/apk.c#L574
所以,--update 标志只是从--update-cache by getopt_long 的缩写。
如果缩写是唯一的或 是某个已定义选项的完全匹配。
【讨论】:
这应该是选择的答案。【参考方案2】:简而言之:
To get the latest list of available packages, use the update command.
它类似于您在 apt-get install my_package
之前所做的 Debian apt-get update
。
来自https://wiki.alpinelinux.org/wiki/Alpine_Linux_package_management#Update_the_Package_list:
提取
更新包列表
随着软件包的添加和升级,远程存储库会发生变化。要获取可用软件包的最新列表,请使用 update 命令。该命令从每个存储库下载 APKINDEX.tar.gz 并将其存储在本地缓存中,通常是 /var/cache/apk/、/var/lib/apk/ 或 /etc/apk/cache/。
apk 更新
提示:如果使用远程存储库,最好在执行添加或升级命令之前进行更新。这样您就知道您使用的是最新的可用软件。
【讨论】:
我明白了。apk --update add [package]
是先做apk update
然后apk add [package]
的简写吗?
没错,就是这样
你有这方面的资料吗?我不认为那是真的。请参阅下面的答案:“--update
标志仅由 getopt_long 从--update-cache
缩写。”这可能也与apk update
后跟apk add
相同,但最初(以及手册页中没有--update
的原因)它与@ 相同987654334@.
> 将--update-cache
,或简称-U
切换到另一个apk命令,如apk --update-cache upgrade
或apk -U add ...
,该命令与之前第一次运行apk update
的效果相同另一个 apk 命令。 wiki.alpinelinux.org/wiki/…以上是关于Alpine Linux 的“--update add”命令说明的主要内容,如果未能解决你的问题,请参考以下文章