是否可以将 .ico 文件存储在 vbscript 中？
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【中文标题】是否可以将 .ico 文件存储在 vbscript 中？【英文标题】：Is it possible to store a .ico file in a vbscript? 【发布时间】：2014-12-25 15:08:40 【问题描述】：我有一个 vbscript 脚本，它接受一个 .ico 文件并使用它作为图标创建一个桌面快捷方式，但如果可能的话，我希望能够将脚本需要的所有内容存储在自身中。
【问题讨论】：
我可以想到几种方法。如果您使用了WSF，您可以将二进制数据作为Base64 嵌入CDATA 部分。或者，您可以使用常规的VBS 文件并在脚本之后将 Base64 作为 cmets 嵌入。无论哪种情况，您只需要读取 Base64 并将其转换为二进制并将其写入 ICO 文件即可。
感谢您的快速回复。你知道我在哪里可以找到你提到的第二个选项的例子吗？我试过用谷歌搜索它，但到目前为止我只找到了将 Base64 数据转换为文本字符串的方法。
【参考方案1】：
此 HTA 向您展示如何将文件 exe 或 com 压缩到 vbscript 中
例如我嵌入了 WGET.EXE 来下载一个 PNG 文件 = estabanner5.png 只是为了测试
[HTA] Encapsulate a zipped exe file in a VBScript
我在网上找到了这个名为 Basic Base64- Encode- Decode.vbs 的 Vbscript 您只需将文件拖放到脚本上，然后单击“是”进行编码。并单击“否”以解码 Base64 字符串。
'-- This is a barebones Base64 encoder/decoder. Drop a file onto script and click YES
'-- to encode. Click NO to decode a Base64 string.
'-- This script uses only VBS and FileSystemObject to do its work. The basic function
' of Base64 conversion is to take each 3 bytes of binary data and convert it to 4
' 6-bit units, which allows any data to be stored as plain text because on plain
' text ASCII characters are used. Decoding is the reverse.
' FSO is designed to only handle text data. Special treatment is required to handle
' binary data, but FSO *can* do it. For example, Textstream.ReadAll expects to read
' a string, so it will return file bytes up until the first null byte. But Textstream.Read(length-of-file)
' can be used to read in the entire file as a string, regardless the content. The bytes can
' then be handled by using Asc to convert the string into a numeric array. It's inefficient,
' but it works. When the file is written back to disk the array members are then converted
' back to characters and the whole thing is transferred as a string. That works fine as
' long as one doesn't try to handle it as a string. For instance, checking Len of the string
' returned from DecodeBase64 will only return the position of the first null.
' The vbCrLf option with encoding is to accomodate email, which by tradition
' inserts a return every 76 characters. In other words, these functions can be used
' to create or decode attachments in email. They could also be used to send any type
' of file in the form of text pasted into an email. If the recipient has the decode script
' they can just select and copy the email content, paste it into Notepad, save it as a
' TXT file, then drop it onto the script to convert that text into the original JPG, EXE, or
' any other file type.
Dim FSO, TS, sIn, sOut, Arg, IfEncode, OFil, LSize, LRet
Arg = WScript.Arguments(0)
LRet = MsgBox("Click yes to encode file or no to decode.", 36)
If LRet = 6 Then
IfEncode = True
Else
IfEncode = False
End If
Set FSO = CreateObject("Scripting.FileSystemObject")
Set OFil = FSO.GetFile(Arg)
LSize = OFil.Size
Set OFil = Nothing
Set TS = FSO.OpenTextFile(Arg)
sIn = TS.Read(LSize)
Set TS = Nothing
If IfEncode = True Then
sOut = ConvertToBase64(sIn, True)
Set TS = FSO.CreateTextFile(Arg & "-64", True)
TS.Write sOut
TS.Close
Set TS = Nothing
Else
sOut = DecodeBase64(sIn)
Set TS = FSO.CreateTextFile(Arg & "-de64", True)
TS.Write sOut
TS.Close
Set TS = Nothing
End If
Set FSO = Nothing
MsgBox "Done."
'------------------------------------------------------
Function ConvertToBase64(sBytes, AddReturns)
Dim B2(), B76(), ABytes(), ANums
Dim i1, i2, i3, LenA, NumReturns, sRet
On Error Resume Next
ANums = Array(65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 97, 98, 99, 100, 101, 102, 103, 104, 105, 106, 107, 108, 109, 110, 111, 112, 113, 114, 115, 116, 117, 118, 119, 120, 121, 122, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 43, 47)
LenA = Len(sBytes)
'-- convert each string character to ASCII value.
ReDim ABytes(LenA - 1)
For i1 = 1 to LenA
ABytes(i1 - 1) = Asc(Mid(sBytes, i1, 1))
Next
'-- generate base 64 equivalent in array B2.
ReDim Preserve ABytes(((LenA - 1) \ 3) * 3 + 2)
ReDim Preserve B2((UBound(ABytes) \ 3) * 4 + 3)
i2 = 0
For i1 = 0 To (UBound(ABytes) - 1) Step 3
B2(i2) = ANums(ABytes(i1) \ 4)
i2 = i2 + 1
B2(i2) = ANums((ABytes(i1 + 1) \ 16) Or (ABytes(i1) And 3) * 16)
i2 = i2 + 1
B2(i2) = ANums((ABytes(i1 + 2) \ 64) Or (ABytes(i1 + 1) And 15) * 4)
i2 = i2 + 1
B2(i2) = ANums(ABytes(i1 + 2) And 63)
i2 = i2 + 1
Next
For i1 = 1 To i1 - LenA
B2(UBound(B2) - i1 + 1) = 61 ' add = signs at end if necessary.
Next
'-- Most email programs use a maximum of 76 characters per line when encoding
'-- binary files as base 64. This next function achieves that by generating another
'--- array big enough for the added vbCrLfs, then copying the base 64 array over.
If (AddReturns = True) And (LenA > 76) Then
NumReturns = ((UBound(B2) + 1) \ 76)
LenA = (UBound(B2) + (NumReturns * 2)) '--make B76 B2 plus 2 spots for each vbcrlf.
ReDim B76(LenA)
i2 = 0
i3 = 0
For i1 = 0 To UBound(B2)
B76(i2) = B2(i1)
i2 = i2 + 1
i3 = i3 + 1
If (i3 = 76) And (i2 < (LenA - 2)) Then '--extra check. make sure there are still
B76(i2) = 13 '-- 2 spots left for return if at end.
B76(i2 + 1) = 10
i2 = i2 + 2
i3 = 0
End If
Next
For i1 = 0 to UBound(B76)
B76(i1) = Chr(B76(i1))
Next
sRet = Join(B76, "")
Else
For i1 = 0 to UBound(B2)
B2(i1) = Chr(B2(i1))
Next
sRet = Join(B2, "")
End If
ConvertToBase64 = sRet
End Function
Function DecodeBase64(Str64)
Dim B1(), B2()
Dim i1, i2, i3, LLen, UNum, s2, sRet, ANums
Dim A255(255)
On Error Resume Next
ANums = Array(65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 97, 98, 99, 100, 101, 102, 103, 104, 105, 106, 107, 108, 109, 110, 111, 112, 113, 114, 115, 116, 117, 118, 119, 120, 121, 122, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 43, 47)
For i1 = 0 To 255
A255(i1) = 64
Next
For i1 = 0 To 63
A255(ANums(i1)) = i1
Next
s2 = Replace(Str64, vbCr, "")
s2 = Replace(s2, vbLf, "")
s2 = Replace(s2, " ", "")
s2 = Trim(s2)
LLen = Len(s2)
ReDim B1(LLen - 1)
For i1 = 1 to LLen
B1(i1 - 1) = Asc(Mid(s2, i1, 1))
Next
'--B1 is now in-string as array.
ReDim B2((LLen \ 4) * 3 - 1)
i2 = 0
For i1 = 0 To UBound(B1) Step 4
B2(i2) = (A255(B1(i1)) * 4) Or (A255(B1(i1 + 1)) \ 16)
i2 = i2 + 1
B2(i2) = (A255(B1(i1 + 1)) And 15) * 16 Or (A255(B1(i1 + 2)) \ 4)
i2 = i2 + 1
B2(i2) = (A255(B1(i1 + 2)) And 3) * 64 Or A255(B1(i1 + 3))
i2 = i2 + 1
Next
If B1(LLen - 2) = 61 Then
i2 = 2
ElseIf B1(LLen - 1) = 61 Then
i2 = 1
Else
i2 = 0
End If
UNum = UBound(B2) - i2
ReDim Preserve B2(UNum)
For i1 = 0 to UBound(B2)
B2(i1) = Chr(B2(i1))
Next
DecodeBase64 = Join(B2, "")
End Function
【讨论】：
【参考方案2】：与使用@Hackoo 找到的代码相比，在 VBScript 中将二进制数据转换为 Base64 有一种更简单（也更快）的方法。您可以通过使用MSXML2.DOMDocument 类来利用Microsoft 的Base64 实现。这是一个脚本，它采用二进制文件c:\test.jpg 并将其转换为 Base64。生成的 Base64 编码字符串保存在文本文件 (c:\out.txt) 中。它使用ADO Stream 将文件读入二进制数组，然后将其传递给使用DOMDocument 将二进制数据转换为Base64 编码文本的例程。
Const BINARY_FILE = "c:\test.jpg"
Const BASE64_FILE = "c:\out.txt"
With CreateObject("Scripting.FileSystemObject").CreateTextFile(BASE64_FILE, True)
.Write BinaryFileToBase64(BINARY_FILE)
.Close
End With
Function BinaryFileToBase64(strFileName)
With CreateObject("ADODB.Stream")
.Type = 1 ' Specify binary data (adTypeBinary)
.Open
.LoadFromFile strFileName
BinaryFileToBase64 = Base64Encode(.Read) ' Read binary contents into VT_UI1 | VT_ARRAY
End With
End Function
' This function accepts binary (VT_UI1 | VT_ARRAY) data and converts it to Base64-encoded text (Unicode string).
Function Base64Encode(BinaryData) ' As String
With CreateObject("MSXML2.DOMDocument.3.0").CreateElement("Base64")
.DataType = "bin.base64" ' Set the type of data the element should store
.NodeTypedValue = BinaryData ' Write the binary data
Base64Encode = .Text ' Read it back as text
End With
End Function
因此，您可以使用此脚本将任何二进制文件转换为其 Base64 编码的字符串表示形式。例如，这是 Stack Overflow 的图标，保存为 12x15 位图：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要解码 Base64 编码的字符串，我们只需要反向执行这些步骤。首先，我们将文本解码回其原始二进制形式。然后，我们将二进制数据写入文件。
CONST NEW_BINARY_FILE = "c:\test2.jpg"
With CreateObject("Scripting.FileSystemObject").OpenTextFile(BASE64_FILE)
Base64ToBinaryFile .ReadAll(), NEW_BINARY_FILE
.Close
End With
Sub Base64ToBinaryFile(strBase64, strFileName)
With CreateObject("ADODB.Stream")
.Type = 1 ' adTypeBinary
.Open
.Write Base64Decode(strBase64) ' Write the byte array
.SaveToFile strFileName, 2 ' Overwrite if file exists (adSaveCreateOverWrite)
End With
End Sub
Function Base64Decode(ByVal strText) ' As ByteArray
With CreateObject("MSXML2.DOMDocument.3.0").CreateElement("Base64")
.DataType = "bin.base64"
.Text = strText
Base64Decode = .NodeTypedValue
End With
End Function
那么，回到您最初的问题，如何在您的 VBScript 文件中嵌入二进制 (ICO) 文件？您可以在某处添加 Base64 字符串。把它放在结尾，开头，中间的某个地方。但它当然需要被注释掉，因为它不是有效的 VBScript。您可能想要添加一个开始和结束分隔符，以便知道它的开始和结束位置。例如：
' Read ourself...
With CreateObject("Scripting.FileSystemObject").OpenTextFile(WScript.ScriptFullName)
' Look for the "start"...
Do Until .AtEndOfStream
strLine = .ReadLine()
If strLine = "' ~END~" Then fRead = False
If fRead Then strBase64 = strBase64 & Mid(strLine, 3)
If strLine = "' ~START~" Then fRead = True
Loop
End With
' Re-create our bitmap!
Base64ToBinaryFile strBase64, "c:\stack_overflow.bmp"
' ~START~
' Qk1SAgAAAAAAADYAAAAoAAAADAAAAA8AAAABABgAAAAAABwCAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
' hoOChoOChoOChoOChoOChoOChoOChoOChoOChoOC3uPl3uPlhoOC3uPl3uPl3uPl3uPl3uPl
' 3uPl3uPl3uPlhoOC3uPl3uPlhoOC3uPlhoOChoOChoOChoOChoOChoOC3uPlhoOC3uPl3uPl
' hoOC3uPl3uPl3uPl3uPl3uPl3uPl3uPl3uPlhoOC3uPl3uPlhoOC3uPlcIyocIyocIyocIyo
' cIyocIyo3uPlhoOC3uPl3uPlhoOC3uPl3uPl3uPl3uPl3uPlwtTdn8DV3uPlhoOC3uPl3uPl
' 3uPl3uPl2uHknL/UcafJVpfCVJbCbKPI3uPl3uPl3uPl3uPl3+Tm3+TmVZfCXJvEeKvLr8na
' 3+Tmbq7cVKHZ3+Tm3+Tm3+Tm4eXn4eXn3ePm4eXn4eXnsM3iP5fYQZjXs8/jV6Tx097o4eXn
' 4ubo4ubo4ubo3uToY6jbN5PXdbLc3eToOJb0K4/0e63vdqrw4+fp4+fp4+fpQZjYRZvYwNbl
' 3uXpOJb0LZD00t7qMYP1lLvu5Ojq5Ojq5OjqxNjm5Ojq3+bqOpf0LpH01uHrcafwPInz5Ojq
' 5enr5enr5enr5enr5enrRJzzLpH01+Lr3OTrMIP1psbu5enr5+rs5+rs5+rs5+rs5+rsrs7u
' 3eXs5+rsZqLyQ4705+rs5+rs6Ovt6Ovt6Ovt6Ovt6Ovt6Ovt6Ovt6OvtN4f0s83v6Ovt6Ovt
' ~END~
【讨论】：
【参考方案3】：使用 Windows 内置 CERTUTIL 命令可能有更简单的方法：
-
使用 CERTUTIL 对 ICON（或其他二进制）文件进行编码（CERTUTIL -encode icon.ico icon.b64）
在脚本中添加 Base64 代码，包括
' 前缀 (REM)
使用下一个代码去除 REM 并将 Base64 代码解码为二进制：
dim fso : set fso=CreateObject("scripting.FileSystemObject")
dim wsh : set wsh=CreateObject("wscript.shell")
'--- Extract ICO file...
iconFile=fso.GetSpecialFolder(2) & "\icon"
set f=fso.OpenTextFile(WScript.ScriptFullName)
s=replace(f.ReadAll,"' ","")
f.close
set f=fso.OpenTextFile(iconFile & ".tmp",2,TRUE)
f.writeline(s)
f.close
wsh.run "certutil -decode " & iconFile & ".tmp" & " " & iconFile & ".ico",0,true
' --- This is the output of the CERTUTIL encode command:
' -----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
' AAABAAYAEBAAAAAACABoBQAAZgAAACAgAAAAAAgAqAgAAM4FAAAwMAAAAAAIAKgO
' AAB2DgAAEBAAAAAAIABoBAAAHh0AACAgAAAAACAAqBAAAIYhAAAwMAAAAAAgAKgl
' ..
' ..
' AAAAHwAA/AAAAAA/AAD+AAAAAH8AAP+AAAAA/wAA/8AAAAP/AAD/4AAAB/8AAP/4
' AAAf/wAA//4AAH//AAD//8AD//8AAA==
' -----END CERTIFICATE-----
【讨论】：
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