使用 web3 发送 ERC20 令牌

Posted 2023-02-18

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【中文标题】使用 web3 发送 ERC20 令牌【英文标题】：Send ERC20 token with web3 【发布时间】：2018-06-19 05:46:47 【问题描述】：

我目前正在使用 0.2x.x 版本的 Web3 javascript API。我通过在 Solidity 中创建智能合约（在 REMIX IDE 上）部署了我的自定义 ERC20 代币。我安装了 MetaMask 并在 https://wallet.ethereum.org/ 上进行了测试，以将一些自定义 ERC 令牌发送到我的另一个帐户。它运作良好。我想使用 Web3 在我的 javascript 代码中添加“发送自定义 ERC20 令牌”功能。

下面是我的代码。

var http = require('http');
var Web3 = require('web3');
var Tx = require('ethereumjs-tx');

var abi = ["...."]; 
var data = '0x00..';
var contract_addr = '0x00..';
var owner = '0x00..';

var web3 = new Web3(new Web3.providers.HttpProvider("https://ropsten.infura.io/")); 
web3.eth.getBlock("latest", (error, result) => 
//console.log('error:', error);
//console.log('results', result);
);

var myContract = web3.eth.contract(abi);
var myContractInstance = myContract.at(address);

eb3.eth.getDefaultAccount = owner;
var defaultAccount = web3.eth.getDefaultAccount;
console.log('DefaultAccount => ', defaultAccount); 

var total = myContractInstance.totalSupply();
var balance = myContractInstance.balanceOf(defaultAccount);

console.log('DefulatAccount total => ',total);
console.log('DefaultAccount balance => ',balance);

var to = '0x00..';
var isAddress = web3.isAddress(to);

console.log('isAddress(to) => ',isAddress);
console.log('balanceOf(to) => ',myContractInstance.balanceOf(to));

我正在开发“Ropsten 测试网”，并使用sendRawTransaction() 发送了一些“以太”进行测试。但我想做的只是发送我的自定义 ERC20 令牌。不是以太。如何在此脚本中发送我自己的令牌？我不知道。我尝试使用sendTransaction()，如下所示。

var rawTx = 
    from : defaultAccount,
    nonce : nonceHex,
    gasPrice : gasPriceHex,
    gas : gasHex,
    to : to,
    value : 100,
    data : data
;

web3.eth.sendTransaction(rawTx, function(err, transactionHash) 
    if (!err)
        console.log('transactionHash => ',transactionHash);
    else
        console.log(err);
);

我不断收到错误消息。

Error: Invalid JSON RPC response: ""
at Object.InvalidResponse (/Users/rachel/dev/test/node_modules/web3/lib/web3/errors.js:38:16)
at XMLHttpRequest.request.onreadystatechange (/Users/rachel/dev/test/node_modules/web3/lib/web3/httpprovider.js:119:24)
at XMLHttpRequestEventTarget.dispatchEvent (/Users/rachel/dev/test/node_modules/xhr2/lib/xhr2.js:64:18)
at XMLHttpRequest._setReadyState (/Users/rachel/dev/test/node_modules/xhr2/lib/xhr2.js:354:12)
at XMLHttpRequest._onHttpResponseEnd (/Users/rachel/dev/test/node_modules/xhr2/lib/xhr2.js:509:12)
at IncomingMessage.<anonymous> (/Users/rachel/dev/test/node_modules/xhr2/lib/xhr2.js:469:24)
at emitNone (events.js:111:20)
at IncomingMessage.emit (events.js:208:7)
at endReadableNT (_stream_readable.js:1056:12)
at _combinedTickCallback (internal/process/next_tick.js:138:11)

我真的不明白它有什么问题。请让我知道一些处理这个问题的方法。谢谢！

【问题讨论】：

【参考方案1】：

我们只能用“ethers”来做到这一点。在这种情况下，我将后端 api 与节点 js 一起使用。

const fs = require('fs');
const express = require('express');
const router = express.Router();
const  ethers, BigNumber  = require('ethers');
const ethUtil = require('ethereumjs-util');

const BridgeEth = require("../../client/src/components/contract/EthBridge.json");
const BridgeBsc = require("../../client/src/components/contract/BridgeBsc.json");
const addresses = require("../../client/src/components/contract/config.json");
const eth_bridge = addresses.eth_bridge;
const bsc_bridge = addresses.bsc_bridge;
const net_config = require("../../net.config.json");

const ethnet = net_config.eth_url;
const bscnet = net_config.bsc_url;
const eth_provider = new ethers.providers.JsonRpcProvider(ethnet);
const bsc_provider = new ethers.providers.JsonRpcProvider(bscnet);
const eth_contract = new ethers.Contract(eth_bridge, BridgeEth, eth_provider);
const bsc_contract = new ethers.Contract(bsc_bridge, BridgeBsc, bsc_provider);

var privateKey = fs.readFileSync('./secret', 'utf-8');

const adminaccount = 
  publicKey: net_config.admin_public_key,
  privateKey: privateKey


console.log(`Admin account is $adminaccount.publicKey`);

const adminEthWallet = new ethers.Wallet(adminaccount.privateKey, eth_provider);
const adminBscWallet = new ethers.Wallet(adminaccount.privateKey, bsc_provider);

const signedEthContract = eth_contract.connect(adminEthWallet);
const signedBscContract = bsc_contract.connect(adminBscWallet);

const sig = "0x6162636400000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000";

router.post('/eth2bsc', async (req, res) => 
  var account = req.body.account;
  var amount = req.body.amount;
  var signature = req.body.signature;
  var msg = req.body.hash;

  const isValidAddress = ethUtil.isValidAddress(account);
  const isValidAmount = amount > 0;
  const isValidSign = ethUtil.isHexPrefixed(String(signature));
  const isValidHash = ethUtil.isHexPrefixed(String(msg));

  if (!(isValidAddress && isValidAmount && isValidSign && isValidHash)) 
    return res.status(500).json( step: 1, message: `Security error! Server received invalid prams!$isValidAddress, $amount, $isValidSign, $isValidHash` );
  

  var msgBuffer = '';
  var msgHash = '';
  var signatureBuffer = '';

  try 
    msgBuffer = ethUtil.toBuffer(msg);
    msgHash = ethUtil.hashPersonalMessage(msgBuffer);
    signatureBuffer = ethUtil.toBuffer(signature);
   catch (e) 
    return res.status(500).json( step: 1, message: 'Security error! Request with invalid params!' )
  


  const signatureParams = ethUtil.fromRpcSig(signatureBuffer);
  const publicKey = ethUtil.ecrecover(msgHash, signatureParams.v, signatureParams.r, signatureParams.s);
  const adddressBuffer = ethUtil.publicToAddress(publicKey);
  const address = ethUtil.bufferToHex(adddressBuffer);

  console.log(`recvered address is $address`);

  const isMatched = account.toLowerCase() == address.toLowerCase();

  if (!isMatched) 
    return res.status(500).json( step: 1, message: 'Security error! Transaction caller is not signer!' )
  

  console.log(`I will burn BSCFloki from $account`)
  try 
    var tx = await signedEthContract.burn(account, BigNumber.from(String(amount * Math.pow(10, 18))), 0, sig)
    console.log(tx.hash);
    console.log("First transaction successed(ETHFloki burned)");
   catch (e) 
    console.log("Transaction to burn ETHFloki faild");
    return res.status(500).json( step: 1, message: 'Transaction Faild! \nCheck your account and token balance.' )
  
  console.log(`I will mint BSCFloki to $account`)
  try 
    var tx1 = await signedBscContract.mint(account, account, BigNumber.from(String(amount * Math.pow(10, 18))), 0, sig);
    console.log(tx1.hash);
    console.log("Second transaction successed(BSCFloki minted)");
   catch (e) 
    console.log("Transanction to mint BSCFloki faild");
    return res.status(500).json( step: 2, message: 'Transaction Faild! \nCheck your account.' )
  
  return res.send(`Success! \n $amount ETHFloki converted to $amount BSCFloki in your wallet.`);
);


router.post('/bsc2eth', async (req, res) => 
  var account = req.body.account;
  var amount = req.body.amount;
  var signature = req.body.signature;
  var msg = req.body.hash;

  const isValidAddress = ethUtil.isValidAddress(account);
  const isValidAmount = amount > 0;
  const isValidSign = ethUtil.isHexPrefixed(String(signature));
  const isValidHash = ethUtil.isHexPrefixed(String(msg));

  if (!(isValidAddress && isValidAmount && isValidSign && isValidHash)) 
    return res.status(500).json( step: 1, message: 'Security error! Server received invalid prams!' );
  

  var msgBuffer = '';
  var msgHash = '';
  var signatureBuffer = '';

  try 
    msgBuffer = ethUtil.toBuffer(msg);
    msgHash = ethUtil.hashPersonalMessage(msgBuffer);
    signatureBuffer = ethUtil.toBuffer(signature);
   catch (e) 
    return res.status(500).json( step: 1, message: 'Security error! Request with invalid params!' )
  

  const signatureParams = ethUtil.fromRpcSig(signatureBuffer);
  const publicKey = ethUtil.ecrecover(msgHash, signatureParams.v, signatureParams.r, signatureParams.s);
  const adddressBuffer = ethUtil.publicToAddress(publicKey);
  const address = ethUtil.bufferToHex(adddressBuffer);

  console.log(`recvered address is $address`);

  const isMatched = account.toLowerCase() == address.toLowerCase();

  if (!isMatched) 
    return res.status(500).json( step: 0, message: 'Security error! Transaction caller is not signer!' )
  

  console.log(`I will burn BSCFloki from $account`)
  try 
    var tx = await signedBscContract.burn(account, BigNumber.from(String(amount * Math.pow(10, 18))), 0, sig)
    console.log(tx.hash);
    console.log("First transaction successed(BTK burned)");
   catch (e) 
    console.log("Transaction to burn ETHFloki faild");
    return res.status(500).json( step: 1, message: 'Transaction Faild! \nCheck your account and token balance.' )
  
  console.log(`I will mint ETHFloki to $account`)
  try 
    var tx1 = await signedEthContract.mint(account, account, BigNumber.from(String(amount * Math.pow(10, 18))), 0, sig);
    console.log(tx1.hash);
    console.log("Second transaction successed(ETHFloki minted)");
   catch (e) 
    console.log("Transaction to mint ETHFloki faild");
    return res.status(500).json( step: 2, message: 'Transaction Faild! \nCheck your account.' )
  
  return res.send(`Success! \n $amount BSCFloki converted to $amount ETHFloki in your wallet.`);
);

module.exports = router;

此 api 是签署客户的请求并使用签名的钱包及其私钥发送交易。

【讨论】：

【参考方案2】：

您需要调用ERC20合约的transfer方法。例如：

myContractInstance.methods.transfer(toAddress, amount);

在你的原始交易对象中：

您不需要金额地址应该是合约（不是方法调用中的toAddress）

例如：

var rawTx = 
  from : defaultAccount,
  nonce : nonceHex,
  gasPrice : gasPriceHex,
  gas : gasHex,
  to : <contractAddress>,
  data : data

;

【讨论】：

【参考方案3】：

错误：无效的 JSON RPC 响应：“”表示 web3 无法连接到 rpc 节点。尝试使用 ::

运行一个

-用于测试网

geth --testnet --rpc --rpcaddr 127.0.0.1 --rpcport 8545 --rpccorsdomain '*' --rpcapi personal,admin,db,eth,net,web3,miner,shh,txpool,debug --ws --wsaddr 127.0.0.1 --wsport 8546 --wsorigins '*' --wsapi personal,admin,db,eth,net,web3,miner,shh,txpool,debug --maxpeers 25 0 --gasprice 100

-用于主网

geth --rpc --rpcaddr 127.0.0.1 --rpcport 8545 --rpccorsdomain '*' --rpcapi personal,admin,db,eth,net,web3,miner,shh,txpool,debug --ws --wsaddr 127.0.0.1 --wsport 8546 --wsorigins '*' --wsapi personal,admin,db,eth,net,web3,miner,shh,txpool,debug --maxpeers 25 0 --gasprice 100

现在，在您的情况下（使用 infura 测试网节点），从 infura.io 获取 id。应该是这样的::

https://ropsten.infura.io/id

【讨论】：

没错；检查您的互联网连接。当我的互联网关闭时，我收到了这个错误【参考方案4】：

以EOS代币转账为例。

下面的代码需要web3和ethereumjs-tx。如果您还没有安装它们，请使用npm install web3 ethereumjs-tx 安装它们

var Tx = require('ethereumjs-tx');
var Web3 = require('web3')
var web3 = new Web3(new Web3.providers.HttpProvider('http://127.0.0.1:8545/'))

// set token source, destination and amount
var myAddress = "0xaa597b7e8aaffe9f2a187bedb472ef3455957560"
var toAddress = "0xa013927bffe9e879134061b9330a01884a65497c"
var amount = web3.utils.toHex(1e16)

// get transaction count, later will used as nonce
web3.eth.getTransactionCount(myAddress).then(function(v)console.log(v); count = v)  

// set your private key here, we'll sign the transaction below
var privateKey = new Buffer('6d...', 'hex')  

// Get abi array here https://etherscan.io/address/0x86fa049857e0209aa7d9e616f7eb3b3b78ecfdb0#code
var abiArray = ["constant":true,"inputs":[],"name":"name","outputs":["name":"","type":"bytes32"],"payable":false,"type":"function","constant":false,"inputs":[],"name":"stop","outputs":[],"payable":false,"type":"function","constant":false,"inputs":["name":"guy","type":"address","name":"wad","type":"uint256"],"name":"approve","outputs":["name":"","type":"bool"],"payable":false,"type":"function","constant":false,"inputs":["name":"owner_","type":"address"],"name":"setOwner","outputs":[],"payable":false,"type":"function","constant":true,"inputs":[],"name":"totalSupply","outputs":["name":"","type":"uint256"],"payable":false,"type":"function","constant":false,"inputs":["name":"src","type":"address","name":"dst","type":"address","name":"wad","type":"uint256"],"name":"transferFrom","outputs":["name":"","type":"bool"],"payable":false,"type":"function","constant":true,"inputs":[],"name":"decimals","outputs":["name":"","type":"uint256"],"payable":false,"type":"function","constant":false,"inputs":["name":"dst","type":"address","name":"wad","type":"uint128"],"name":"push","outputs":["name":"","type":"bool"],"payable":false,"type":"function","constant":false,"inputs":["name":"name_","type":"bytes32"],"name":"setName","outputs":[],"payable":false,"type":"function","constant":false,"inputs":["name":"wad","type":"uint128"],"name":"mint","outputs":[],"payable":false,"type":"function","constant":true,"inputs":["name":"src","type":"address"],"name":"balanceOf","outputs":["name":"","type":"uint256"],"payable":false,"type":"function","constant":true,"inputs":[],"name":"stopped","outputs":["name":"","type":"bool"],"payable":false,"type":"function","constant":false,"inputs":["name":"authority_","type":"address"],"name":"setAuthority","outputs":[],"payable":false,"type":"function","constant":false,"inputs":["name":"src","type":"address","name":"wad","type":"uint128"],"name":"pull","outputs":["name":"","type":"bool"],"payable":false,"type":"function","constant":true,"inputs":[],"name":"owner","outputs":["name":"","type":"address"],"payable":false,"type":"function","constant":false,"inputs":["name":"wad","type":"uint128"],"name":"burn","outputs":[],"payable":false,"type":"function","constant":true,"inputs":[],"name":"symbol","outputs":["name":"","type":"bytes32"],"payable":false,"type":"function","constant":false,"inputs":["name":"dst","type":"address","name":"wad","type":"uint256"],"name":"transfer","outputs":["name":"","type":"bool"],"payable":false,"type":"function","constant":false,"inputs":[],"name":"start","outputs":[],"payable":false,"type":"function","constant":true,"inputs":[],"name":"authority","outputs":["name":"","type":"address"],"payable":false,"type":"function","constant":true,"inputs":["name":"src","type":"address","name":"guy","type":"address"],"name":"allowance","outputs":["name":"","type":"uint256"],"payable":false,"type":"function","inputs":["name":"symbol_","type":"bytes32"],"payable":false,"type":"constructor","anonymous":true,"inputs":["indexed":true,"name":"sig","type":"bytes4","indexed":true,"name":"guy","type":"address","indexed":true,"name":"foo","type":"bytes32","indexed":true,"name":"bar","type":"bytes32","indexed":false,"name":"wad","type":"uint256","indexed":false,"name":"fax","type":"bytes"],"name":"LogNote","type":"event","anonymous":false,"inputs":["indexed":true,"name":"authority","type":"address"],"name":"LogSetAuthority","type":"event","anonymous":false,"inputs":["indexed":true,"name":"owner","type":"address"],"name":"LogSetOwner","type":"event","anonymous":false,"inputs":["indexed":true,"name":"from","type":"address","indexed":true,"name":"to","type":"address","indexed":false,"name":"value","type":"uint256"],"name":"Transfer","type":"event","anonymous":false,"inputs":["indexed":true,"name":"owner","type":"address","indexed":true,"name":"spender","type":"address","indexed":false,"name":"value","type":"uint256"],"name":"Approval","type":"event"]
// Here you may get the abicode from a string or a file, here is a string case
// var abiArray = JSON.parse('["constant":true,"inputs":[],"name":"name","outputs":["name":"","type":"bytes32"],"payable":false,"type":"function","constant":false,"inputs":[],"name":"stop","outputs":[],"payable":false,"type":"function","constant":false,"inputs":["name":"guy","type":"address","name":"wad","type":"uint256"],"name":"approve","outputs":["name":"","type":"bool"],"payable":false,"type":"function","constant":false,"inputs":["name":"owner_","type":"address"],"name":"setOwner","outputs":[],"payable":false,"type":"function","constant":true,"inputs":[],"name":"totalSupply","outputs":["name":"","type":"uint256"],"payable":false,"type":"function","constant":false,"inputs":["name":"src","type":"address","name":"dst","type":"address","name":"wad","type":"uint256"],"name":"transferFrom","outputs":["name":"","type":"bool"],"payable":false,"type":"function","constant":true,"inputs":[],"name":"decimals","outputs":["name":"","type":"uint256"],"payable":false,"type":"function","constant":false,"inputs":["name":"dst","type":"address","name":"wad","type":"uint128"],"name":"push","outputs":["name":"","type":"bool"],"payable":false,"type":"function","constant":false,"inputs":["name":"name_","type":"bytes32"],"name":"setName","outputs":[],"payable":false,"type":"function","constant":false,"inputs":["name":"wad","type":"uint128"],"name":"mint","outputs":[],"payable":false,"type":"function","constant":true,"inputs":["name":"src","type":"address"],"name":"balanceOf","outputs":["name":"","type":"uint256"],"payable":false,"type":"function","constant":true,"inputs":[],"name":"stopped","outputs":["name":"","type":"bool"],"payable":false,"type":"function","constant":false,"inputs":["name":"authority_","type":"address"],"name":"setAuthority","outputs":[],"payable":false,"type":"function","constant":false,"inputs":["name":"src","type":"address","name":"wad","type":"uint128"],"name":"pull","outputs":["name":"","type":"bool"],"payable":false,"type":"function","constant":true,"inputs":[],"name":"owner","outputs":["name":"","type":"address"],"payable":false,"type":"function","constant":false,"inputs":["name":"wad","type":"uint128"],"name":"burn","outputs":[],"payable":false,"type":"function","constant":true,"inputs":[],"name":"symbol","outputs":["name":"","type":"bytes32"],"payable":false,"type":"function","constant":false,"inputs":["name":"dst","type":"address","name":"wad","type":"uint256"],"name":"transfer","outputs":["name":"","type":"bool"],"payable":false,"type":"function","constant":false,"inputs":[],"name":"start","outputs":[],"payable":false,"type":"function","constant":true,"inputs":[],"name":"authority","outputs":["name":"","type":"address"],"payable":false,"type":"function","constant":true,"inputs":["name":"src","type":"address","name":"guy","type":"address"],"name":"allowance","outputs":["name":"","type":"uint256"],"payable":false,"type":"function","inputs":["name":"symbol_","type":"bytes32"],"payable":false,"type":"constructor","anonymous":true,"inputs":["indexed":true,"name":"sig","type":"bytes4","indexed":true,"name":"guy","type":"address","indexed":true,"name":"foo","type":"bytes32","indexed":true,"name":"bar","type":"bytes32","indexed":false,"name":"wad","type":"uint256","indexed":false,"name":"fax","type":"bytes"],"name":"LogNote","type":"event","anonymous":false,"inputs":["indexed":true,"name":"authority","type":"address"],"name":"LogSetAuthority","type":"event","anonymous":false,"inputs":["indexed":true,"name":"owner","type":"address"],"name":"LogSetOwner","type":"event","anonymous":false,"inputs":["indexed":true,"name":"from","type":"address","indexed":true,"name":"to","type":"address","indexed":false,"name":"value","type":"uint256"],"name":"Transfer","type":"event","anonymous":false,"inputs":["indexed":true,"name":"owner","type":"address","indexed":true,"name":"spender","type":"address","indexed":false,"name":"value","type":"uint256"],"name":"Approval","type":"event"]', 'utf-8')

var contractAddress = '0x86Fa049857E0209aa7D9e616F7eb3b3B78ECfdb0'
var contract = new web3.eth.Contract(abiArray, contractAddress, from: myAddress)

var rawTransaction = "from":myAddress, "gasPrice":web3.utils.toHex(2 * 1e9),"gasLimit":web3.utils.toHex(210000),"to":contractAddress,"value":"0x0","data":contract.methods.transfer(toAddress, amount).encodeABI(),"nonce":web3.utils.toHex(count) 
var transaction = new Tx(rawTransaction)
transaction.sign(privateKey)

web3.eth.sendSignedTransaction('0x' + transaction.serialize().toString('hex'))

// check the balance
contract.methods.balanceOf(myAddress).call().then(function(balance)console.log(balance))

您也可以通过https://etherscan.io查看交易。

交易发送后，您可以通过https://etherscan.io/address/0xaa597b7e8aaffe9f2a187bedb472ef3455957560#tokentxns查看，您会在Transactions字段中看到如下待处理的交易，但在Token Transfers字段中看不到。

等待1分钟左右，Transactions字段和Token Transfers字段都可以看到成功。

【讨论】：

How to send ERC20 token using Web3 API? 截至 2018 年 7 月，这篇文章颇具误导性。 Kris 指的是以太坊上的规范 EOS ERC20 token。与此同时，EOS 已经推出，他们拥有自己的原生货币。这里指的是以太坊上的EOS代币，不是EOS币。 ^ 我也是这么说的【参考方案5】：

你可以试试这样的——：

`myContractInstance.transfer(to,amount, gas:estimateGas, 
 gasPrice:gasPrice,from:fromAddr, nonce: nonceis, function(err,txhash)
  
    console.log("error: "+err);
    console.log("txhash: "+txhash);
  
`

这里的“to”是您要发送代币的地址 'amount' 您要发送的代币数量 'estimateGas' 你想为交易执行设置的气体限制 'gasPrice' 以 wei 为单位的每个 gas 单位的价格 'fromAddr' 您要发送这些令牌的地址。由于交易将使用此地址进行签名，因此这应该是在 metamask 中选择的地址或传递给 infura 'nonceis' 交易的随机数

【讨论】：

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