使用 PowerShell 创建 ISO 映像：如何将 IStream 保存到文件？

Posted 2023-04-13

【中文标题】使用 PowerShell 创建 ISO 映像：如何将 IStream 保存到文件？

【英文标题】：Create ISO image using PowerShell: how to save IStream to file?

【发布时间】：2012-01-09 13:53:10

【问题描述】：

我想在 Windows 上创建一个 ISO 映像，即 .iso 文件。使用 COM 组件 IMAPI2FS.MsftFileSystemImage 可以做到这一点，我在 an MSDN blog post entitled "Writing optical discs using IMAPI 2 in powershell" 中找到了有关如何使用 PowerShell 执行此操作的说明。

在第3步之后，那些说明说“在这一步你可以停止并将结果图像保存到本地硬盘，这将是一个纯iso图像。”

我的问题：如何在 PowerShell 中获取 $resultStream（即通过检索 ImageStream 产生的 COM 对象）并将其内容保存到文件中？

【参考方案1】：

您需要使用 FileStream 编写器。检查此链接以获取如何在 c# 中完成的示例。 http://tools.start-automating.com/Install-ExportISOCommand/?-Download

那里的功能可用于创建帮助您创建 ISO 的 cmdlet。例如，

运行Install-ExportISOCommand 这将创建Export-Iso

然后，使用Export-ISO 创建一个 ISO。

Export-Iso -ISOPath C:\dropbox\test.iso -FileName C:\Dropbox\Scripts

【讨论】：

所以这意味着我需要（1）将IStream传递给.NET代码，其中数据类型大概是System.Runtime.InteropServices.ComTypes.IStream； (2) 一次读取该流一个块； (3) 使用FileStream.Write() 将这些块写入文件。对吗？

会尝试（可能过几天），会在这里报告。

我已经接受了这个作为答案。实际上，我想在不添加 cmdlet 的情况下执行此操作，并且不知何故在 PowerShell 中无法将 ImageStream 属性结果转换为 System.Runtime.InteropServices.ComTypes.IStream：该转换总是失败。所以我会从Export-ISO 窃取更多代码，看看是否效果更好。

是否有机会发布工作代码。理想情况下，我想使用一个文件夹并从中创建一个 ISO，但使用纯 Win8 功能（即没有新模块或 cmdlet）。

Install-ExportISOCommand : The term 'Install-ExportISOCommand' is not recognized as the name of a cmdlet, function, script file, or operable program. Check the spelling of the name, or if a path was included, verify that the path is correct and try again. At line:1 char:1 + Install-ExportISOCommand + ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ + CategoryInfo : ObjectNotFound: (Install-ExportISOCommand:String) [], CommandNotFoundException + FullyQualifiedErrorId : CommandNotFoundException

【参考方案2】：

您可以使用DiscUtils library 制作ISO（并管理其他磁盘格式，例如 VHD/VHDX、DMG、FAT 等）。支持 PowerShell module 以及 MSBUILD task 以在项目构建时自动创建您的 ISO。

创建一个CDBuilder 对象并通过添加文件和目录前往城镇，然后使用Build 方法将其保存到磁盘。 Download documentation here.

 CDBuilder builder = new CDBuilder();
 builder.AddFile("samplefile.txt", new byte[]  );
 builder.Build(@"c:\output.iso");

这种方法的好处在于它是 100% 托管代码和跨平台 - 没有 IMAPI2 COM/Marshaling requirement。

【讨论】：

谢谢。就我而言，我想避免额外的依赖，但这看起来像是一个非常易于使用的库。

您可以使用 Nuget 安装程序将其快速添加到您的项目中...Install-Package Discutils

【参考方案3】：

这是一个端到端的 PowerShell ISO 创建器，带有我用过很多次的 GUI。无需额外的软件。

    # Author: Hrisan Dzhankardashliyski
# Date: 20/05/2015

# Inspiration from
#
#   http://blogs.msdn.com/b/opticalstorage/archive/2010/08/13/writing-optical-discs-using-imapi-2-in-powershell.aspx</a>
#
# and
#
#   http://tools.start-automating.com/Install-ExportISOCommand/</a>
#
# with help from
#
#   http://***.com/a/9802807/223837</a>

$InputFolder = ""

function WriteIStreamToFile([__ComObject] $istream, [string] $fileName)

# NOTE: We cannot use [System.Runtime.InteropServices.ComTypes.IStream],
# since PowerShell apparently cannot convert an IStream COM object to this
# Powershell type.  (See <a href="http://***.com/a/9037299/223837">http://***.com/a/9037299/223837</a> for
# details.)
#
# It turns out that .NET/CLR _can_ do this conversion.
#
# That is the reason why method FileUtil.WriteIStreamToFile(), below,
# takes an object, and casts it to an IStream, instead of directly
# taking an IStream inputStream argument.

$cp = New-Object CodeDom.Compiler.CompilerParameters
$cp.CompilerOptions = "/unsafe"
$cp.WarningLevel = 4
$cp.TreatWarningsAsErrors = $true

Add-Type -CompilerParameters $cp -TypeDefinition @"
using System;
using System.IO;
using System.Runtime.InteropServices.ComTypes;

namespace My


public static class FileUtil 
public static void WriteIStreamToFile(object i, string fileName) 
IStream inputStream = i as IStream;
FileStream outputFileStream = File.OpenWrite(fileName);
int bytesRead = 0;
int offset = 0;
byte[] data;
do 
data = Read(inputStream, 2048, out bytesRead);
outputFileStream.Write(data, 0, bytesRead);
offset += bytesRead;
 while (bytesRead == 2048);
outputFileStream.Flush();
outputFileStream.Close();


unsafe static private byte[] Read(IStream stream, int toRead, out int read) 
byte[] buffer = new byte[toRead];
int bytesRead = 0;
int* ptr = &bytesRead;
stream.Read(buffer, toRead, (IntPtr)ptr);
read = bytesRead;
return buffer;




"@

[My.FileUtil]::WriteIStreamToFile($istream, $fileName)


# The Function defines the ISO parameturs and writes it to file
function createISO([string]$VolName,[string]$Folder,[bool]$IncludeRoot,[string]$ISOFile)

# Constants from <a href="http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/aa364840.aspx">http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/aa364840.aspx</a>
$FsiFileSystemISO9660   = 1
$FsiFileSystemJoliet    = 2
$FsiFileSystemUDF      = 4

$fsi = New-Object -ComObject IMAPI2FS.MsftFileSystemImage

#$fsi.FileSystemsToCreate = $FsiFileSystemISO9660 + $FsiFileSystemJoliet

$fsi.FileSystemsToCreate = $FsiFileSystemUDF
#When FreeMediaBlocks is set to 0 it allows the ISO file to be with unlimited size
$fsi.FreeMediaBlocks = 0
$fsi.VolumeName = $VolName

$fsi.Root.AddTree($Folder, $IncludeRoot)

WriteIStreamToFile $fsi.CreateResultImage().ImageStream $ISOFile


Function Get-Folder($initialDirectory)


[System.Reflection.Assembly]::LoadWithPartialName("System.windows.forms")

$foldername = New-Object System.Windows.Forms.FolderBrowserDialog
$foldername.rootfolder = "MyComputer"

if($foldername.ShowDialog() -eq "OK")

$folder += [string]$foldername.SelectedPath

return $folder


# Show an Open Folder Dialog and return the directory selected by the user.
function Read-FolderBrowserDialog([string]$Message, [string]$InitialDirectory, [switch]$NoNewFolderButton)

$browseForFolderOptions = 0
if ($NoNewFolderButton)  $browseForFolderOptions += 512 
$app = New-Object -ComObject Shell.Application
$folder = $app.BrowseForFolder(0, $Message, $browseForFolderOptions, $InitialDirectory)
if ($folder)  $selectedDirectory = $folder.Self.Path 
else  $selectedDirectory = '' 
[System.Runtime.Interopservices.Marshal]::ReleaseComObject($app) > $null
return $selectedDirectory


#Prompts the user to save the ISO file, if the files does not exists it will create it otherwise overwrite without prompt
Function Get-SaveFile($initialDirectory)

[System.Reflection.Assembly]::LoadWithPartialName("System.windows.forms") |
Out-Null

$SaveFileDialog = New-Object System.Windows.Forms.SaveFileDialog
$SaveFileDialog.CreatePrompt = $false
$SaveFileDialog.OverwritePrompt = $false
$SaveFileDialog.initialDirectory = $initialDirectory
$SaveFileDialog.filter = "ISO files (*.iso)| *.iso"
$SaveFileDialog.ShowHelp = $true
$SaveFileDialog.ShowDialog() | Out-Null
$SaveFileDialog.filename


# Show message box popup and return the button clicked by the user.
function Read-MessageBoxDialog([string]$Message, [string]$WindowTitle, [System.Windows.Forms.MessageBoxButtons]$Buttons = [System.Windows.Forms.MessageBoxButtons]::OK, [System.Windows.Forms.MessageBoxIcon]$Icon = [System.Windows.Forms.MessageBoxIcon]::None)

Add-Type -AssemblyName System.Windows.Forms
return [System.Windows.Forms.MessageBox]::Show($Message, $WindowTitle, $Buttons, $Icon)


# GUI interface for the PowerShell script
[void] [System.Reflection.Assembly]::LoadWithPartialName("System.Drawing")
[void] [System.Reflection.Assembly]::LoadWithPartialName("System.Windows.Forms")  #loading the necessary .net libraries (using void to suppress output)

$Form = New-Object System.Windows.Forms.Form    #creating the form (this will be the "primary" window)
$Form.Text = "ISO Creator Tool:"
$Form.Size = New-Object System.Drawing.Size(600,300)  #the size in px of the window length, height
$Form.FormBorderStyle = 'FixedDialog'
$Form.MaximizeBox = $false
$Form.MinimizeBox = $false

$objLabel = New-Object System.Windows.Forms.Label
$objLabel.Location = New-Object System.Drawing.Size(20,20)
$objLabel.Size = New-Object System.Drawing.Size(120,20)
$objLabel.Text = "Please select a Folder:"
$Form.Controls.Add($objLabel)

$InputBox = New-Object System.Windows.Forms.TextBox
$InputBox.Location = New-Object System.Drawing.Size(150,20)
$InputBox.Size = New-Object System.Drawing.Size(300,20)
$InputBox.Enabled = $false
$Form.Controls.Add($InputBox)

$objLabel2 = New-Object System.Windows.Forms.Label
$objLabel2.Location = New-Object System.Drawing.Size(20,80)
$objLabel2.Size = New-Object System.Drawing.Size(120,20)
$objLabel2.Text = "ISO File Name:"
$Form.Controls.Add($objLabel2)

$InputBox2 = New-Object System.Windows.Forms.TextBox
$InputBox2.Location = New-Object System.Drawing.Size(150,80)
$InputBox2.Size = New-Object System.Drawing.Size(300,20)
$InputBox2.Enabled = $false
$Form.Controls.Add($InputBox2)

$objLabel3 = New-Object System.Windows.Forms.Label
$objLabel3.Location = New-Object System.Drawing.Size(20,50)
$objLabel3.Size = New-Object System.Drawing.Size(120,20)
$objLabel3.Text = "ISO Volume Name:"
$Form.Controls.Add($objLabel3)

$InputBox3 = New-Object System.Windows.Forms.TextBox
$InputBox3.Location = New-Object System.Drawing.Size(150,50)
$InputBox3.Size = New-Object System.Drawing.Size(150,20)
$Form.Controls.Add($InputBox3)

$objLabel4 = New-Object System.Windows.Forms.Label
$objLabel4.Location = New-Object System.Drawing.Size(20,120)
$objLabel4.Size = New-Object System.Drawing.Size(120,20)
$objLabel4.Text = "Status Msg:"
$Form.Controls.Add($objLabel4)

$InputBox4 = New-Object System.Windows.Forms.TextBox
$InputBox4.Location = New-Object System.Drawing.Size(150,120)
$InputBox4.Size = New-Object System.Drawing.Size(200,20)
$InputBox4.Enabled = $false
$InputBox4.Text = "Set ISO Parameters..."
$InputBox4.BackColor = "LightGray"
$Form.Controls.Add($InputBox4)

$Button = New-Object System.Windows.Forms.Button
$Button.Location = New-Object System.Drawing.Size(470,20)
$Button.Size = New-Object System.Drawing.Size(80,20)
$Button.Text = "Browse"
$Button.Add_Click(
$InputBox.Text=Read-FolderBrowserDialog
$InputBox4.Text = "Set ISO Parameters..."

)
$Form.Controls.Add($Button)

$Button2 = New-Object System.Windows.Forms.Button
$Button2.Location = New-Object System.Drawing.Size(470,120)
$Button2.Size = New-Object System.Drawing.Size(80,80)
$Button2.Text = "CreateISO"
$Button2.Add_Click(

if(($InputBox.Text -eq "") -or ($InputBox3.Text -eq ""))
Read-MessageBoxDialog "You have to select folder and specify ISO Volume Name" "Error: No Parameters entered!"
 else
$SaveDialog = Get-SaveFile
#If you click cancel when save file dialog is called
if ($SaveDialog -eq "")
return

$InputBox2.Text= $SaveDialog
$InputBox2.Refresh()
if($checkBox1.Checked)
$includeRoot=$true

else
$includeRoot=$false

$InputBox4.BackColor = "Yellow"
$InputBox4.Text = "Generating ISO file..."
$InputBox4.Refresh()
createISO $InputBox3.Text $InputBox.Text $includeRoot $InputBox2.Text
$InputBox4.BackColor = "LimeGreen"
$InputBox4.Text = "ISO Creation Finished!"
$InputBox4.Refresh()

)
$Form.Controls.Add($Button2)

$objLabel5 = New-Object System.Windows.Forms.Label
$objLabel5.Location = New-Object System.Drawing.Size(20,160)
$objLabel5.Size = New-Object System.Drawing.Size(280,20)
$objLabel5.Text = "Check the box if you want to include the top folder:"
$Form.Controls.Add($objLabel5)

$checkBox1 = New-Object System.Windows.Forms.CheckBox
$checkBox1.Location = New-Object System.Drawing.Size(300,156)
$Form.Controls.Add($checkBox1)

$Form.Add_Shown($Form.Activate())
[void] $Form.ShowDialog()

【讨论】：

这个答案更值得称赞。请收下这个奖杯，让我的一天变得更好?。