CakePHP 3 保存 BelongsToMany 关联未知类型“”错误

Posted 2023-04-12

【中文标题】CakePHP 3 保存 BelongsToMany 关联未知类型“”错误

【英文标题】：CakePHP 3 Saving BelongsToMany Association Unknown type "" Error

【发布时间】：2015-08-14 20:14:38

【问题描述】：

我一直在拼命想弄清楚为什么我的电子邮件（belongsToMany Guest (belongsToMany Emails)）无法保存。当我尝试使用关联数据（来宾）保存电子邮件模型时，它在 $this->Emails->save($email) 处失败：

未知类型“”错误 无效参数异常

此时我已经按照 CakeBookmarks 示例 (http://book.cakephp.org/3.0/en/tutorials-and-examples/bookmarks/intro.html) 进行了关系和编辑表单。甚至构建它并从中提取代码。

这是我项目中的相关代码，感谢任何帮助或推测：

为 emails_guests 连接表创建语句：

CREATE TABLE emails_guests (
    email_id INT NOT NULL,
    guest_id INT NOT NULL,
    PRIMARY KEY (email_id, guest_id),
    FOREIGN KEY guest_key(guest_id) REFERENCES guests(id),
    FOREIGN KEY email_key(email_id) REFERENCES emails(id)
);

EmailsTable::初始化

public function initialize(array $config)

    // parent::initialize($config);

    $this->table('emails');
    $this->displayField('title');
    $this->primaryKey('id');
    $this->addBehavior('Timestamp');
    $this->belongsToMany('Guests', [
        'foreignKey' => 'email_id',
        'targetForeignKey' => 'guest_id',
        'joinTable' => 'emails_guests'
    ]);

GuestsTable::初始化

public function initialize(array $config)
    parent::initialize($config);

    $this->table('guests');
    $this->displayField('name');
    $this->primaryKey('id');
    $this->addBehavior('Timestamp');
    $this->belongsTo('Invitations', [
        'foreignKey' => 'invitation_id'
    ]);
    $this->hasMany('Messages', [
        'foreignKey' => 'guest_id'
    ]);
    $this->belongsTo('SeatingGroups', [
        'foreignKey' => 'seating_group_id'
    ]);
    $this->belongsToMany('Emails', [
        'foreignKey' => 'guest_id',
        'targetForeignKey' => 'email_id',
        'joinTable' => 'emails_guests'
    ]);

电子邮件创建/更新视图 manage.ctp

            <?= $this->Form->create($email); ?>
                <div class="row">
                    <div class="col-sm-12">
                        <?= $this->Form->input('title', ['id' => false]); ?>
                    </div>
                </div>
                <div class="row">
                    <div class="col-sm-12">
                        <?= $this->Form->input('subject'); ?>
                    </div>
                </div>
                <div class="row">
                    <div class="col-sm-12">
                        <?= $this->Form->input('message', ['class'=>'email-body']); ?>
                    </div>
                </div>
                <div class="row">
                    <div class="col-sm-6">
                        <?= $this->Form->input(
                            'guests._ids',
                            [   
                                // 'type' => 'select',
                                'options' => $guests,
                                // 'multiple' => true,
                                // 'empty' => 'Please select the recipients.',
                                // 'label'=>'Recipients'
                            ]
                        ); ?>
                    </div>
                    <div class="col-sm-6">
                        <div class="row">
                            <div class="col-sm-12">
                                <?= $this->Form->input('send_by', ['id' => 'send-by', 'type' => 'text']); ?>
                            </div>
                        </div>
                        <div class="row">
                            <div class="col-sm-6">
                                <?= $this->Form->checkbox('now'); ?>
                                <label for="now">Send Now</label>
                            </div>
                            <div class="col-sm-6">
                                <?= $this->Form->input(
                                    __('Save'),
                                    [
                                        'type' => 'submit',
                                        'class' => 'inline',
                                        'label' => false
                                    ]
                                ) ?>
                            </div>
                        </div>
                    </div>
                </div>
                <div class="row">
                    <div class="col-sm-12">
                    </div>
                </div>
                <div class="clearfix"></div>
            <?= $this->Form->end() ?>

最后是处理相关保存的控制器：

public function manage($id = null) 
    $this->set('title', 'Manage Emails');

    if(isset($id)) 
        $email = $this->Emails->get($id, [
            'contain' => ['Guests']
        ]);
        $this->set('title', 'Email: ' . $email->title);
     else 
        $email = $this->Emails->newEntity();
        $this->set('title', 'Create Email');
    
    if ($this->request->is(['patch', 'post', 'put'])) 
        debug($email); 
        $email = $this->Emails->patchEntity($email, $this->request->data);
        debug($email); 
        debug($this->request->data);
        if ($this->Emails->save($email)) 

            if($email->now == true) 
                $this->process($email->id, $id);
            
            $this->Flash->success('The email has been saved.');
            return $this->redirect(['action' => 'manage', $email->id]);
         else 
            $this->Flash->error('The email could not be saved. Please, try again.');
        
    
    $guests = $this->Emails->Guests->find('list')->select(['id', 'first_name', 'last_name', 'email'])->toArray();

    $this->set('email', $email);
    $this->set('guests', $guests);
    $emails = $this->Emails->find();
    $this->set('emails', $this->paginate($emails));
    $this->set('_serialize', ['emails']);

我保存电子邮件并选择一位或多位客人时的请求数据（触发无效类型“”错误）：

[
    'title' => 'Test Email Edit',
    'subject' => 'Hi! guest.first_name, we're testing some new features!2',
    'message' => 'Hi guest.first_name guest.last_name,
We're testing some new features with recursive data. Let me tell you a bit about you:

Your seating group is: guest.seating_group.name.
Your invitation is: guest.invitation.name
Which we sent to: guest.invitation.address

Thanks! Hope this comes out okay... 
',
    'guests' => [
        '_ids' => [
            (int) 0 => '1'
        ]
    ],
    'send_by' => '',
    'now' => '0'
]

堆栈跟踪：

⟩ Cake\Database\Type::build
CORE/src/ORM/Table.php, line 1552
⟩ Cake\ORM\Table->_newId
CORE/src/ORM/Table.php, line 1489
⟩ Cake\ORM\Table->_insert
CORE/src/ORM/Table.php, line 1436
⟩ Cake\ORM\Table->_processSave
CORE/src/ORM/Table.php, line 1367
⟩ Cake\ORM\Table->Cake\ORM\closure
CORE/src/Database/Connection.php, line 561
⟩ Cake\Database\Connection->transactional
CORE/src/ORM/Table.php, line 1368
⟩ Cake\ORM\Table->save
CORE/src/ORM/Association/BelongsToMany.php, line 557
⟩ Cake\ORM\Association\BelongsToMany->_saveLinks
CORE/src/ORM/Association/BelongsToMany.php, line 506
⟩ Cake\ORM\Association\BelongsToMany->_saveTarget
CORE/src/ORM/Association/BelongsToMany.php, line 750
⟩ Cake\ORM\Association\BelongsToMany->Cake\ORM\Association\closure
CORE/src/Database/Connection.php, line 561
⟩ Cake\Database\Connection->transactional
CORE/src/ORM/Association/BelongsToMany.php, line 769
⟩ Cake\ORM\Association\BelongsToMany->replaceLinks
CORE/src/ORM/Association/BelongsToMany.php, line 445
⟩ Cake\ORM\Association\BelongsToMany->saveAssociated
CORE/src/ORM/AssociationCollection.php, line 254
⟩ Cake\ORM\AssociationCollection->_save
CORE/src/ORM/AssociationCollection.php, line 230
⟩ Cake\ORM\AssociationCollection->_saveAssociations
CORE/src/ORM/AssociationCollection.php, line 195
⟩ Cake\ORM\AssociationCollection->saveChildren
CORE/src/ORM/Table.php, line 1447
⟩ Cake\ORM\Table->_processSave
CORE/src/ORM/Table.php, line 1367
⟩ Cake\ORM\Table->Cake\ORM\closure
CORE/src/Database/Connection.php, line 561
⟩ Cake\Database\Connection->transactional
CORE/src/ORM/Table.php, line 1368
⟩ Cake\ORM\Table->save
APP/Controller/EmailsController.php, line 61
⟩ App\Controller\EmailsController->manage
[internal function]
⟩ call_user_func_array
CORE/src/Controller/Controller.php, line 411
⟩ Cake\Controller\Controller->invokeAction
CORE/src/Routing/Dispatcher.php, line 114
⟩ Cake\Routing\Dispatcher->_invoke
CORE/src/Routing/Dispatcher.php, line 87
⟩ Cake\Routing\Dispatcher->dispatch
ROOT/webroot/index.php, line 37

根据文档和示例，它应该可以正常工作。提前致谢！

【问题讨论】：

错误几乎总是附带堆栈跟踪和上下文信息（如果没有，请检查日志），请始终将它们都包含在您的问题中！

知道了。编辑问题以包含堆栈跟踪。

【参考方案1】：

看起来读取/缓存的架构有问题，或者您为连接表类定义了不正确的主键。使用像您在此处显示的那样的复合主键，它永远不会到达代码中引发该异常的点。

删除tmp/cache/models/，如果你有一个EmailsGuestsTable类，通过Table::primaryKey()检查它是否以及它设置了什么，如果使用，它应该是

['email_id', 'guest_id']

也许您的表最初具有不同的主键，而您后来对其进行了更改而没有清除缓存和/或更新相应的表类。

【讨论】：

这很有帮助。谢谢你。我已经尝试删除缓存，但问题出在我的 EmailsGuestsTable 中。需要删除这些行并删除缓存： // $this->displayField('id'); // $this->primaryKey('id');

刚刚在 Cakephp3 中发现了同样的问题，你的评论救了我，谢谢。