Hibernate + JPA：模式验证：缺少列

Posted 2023-04-11

【中文标题】Hibernate + JPA：模式验证：缺少列

【英文标题】：Hibernate + JPA: Schema-validation: missing column

【发布时间】：2018-10-19 00:22:27

【问题描述】：

我写了一个教育项目。这是一个简单的聊天。后端技术栈是Java、Jetty（服务器、websocket）、Hibernate 5.3.7.Final、PostgreSQL。

我有一个运行时异常org.hibernate.tool.schema.spi.SchemaManagementException: Schema-validation: missing column [conversation_c_id] in table [conversation_reply]。这个错误让我在几天内玩得很开心。我将不胜感激帮助解决这个问题。

这是实体部分的基本结构：

@Entity
@Table(name = "conversation") //public class ConversationDataSet

@Id
@SequenceGenerator(name = "cIdSequence", sequenceName = "c_id_sequence", allocationSize = 1)
@GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.SEQUENCE, generator = "cIdSequence")
@Column(name = "c_id", nullable = false, updatable = false)
private long cId;

@OneToMany(mappedBy = "conversation", cascade = CascadeType.ALL, orphanRemoval = true)
private List<ConversationReplyDataSet> conversationReplies = new ArrayList<>();



@Entity
@Table(name = "conversation_reply") //public class ConversationReplyDataSet

@Id
@SequenceGenerator(name = "crIdSequence", sequenceName = "cr_id_sequence", allocationSize = 1)
@GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.SEQUENCE, generator = "crIdSequence")
@Column(name = "cr_id", nullable = false, updatable = false)
private long crId;

@Column(name = "c_id_fk")
private long cIdFk;

@ManyToOne(fetch = FetchType.LAZY)
private ConversationDataSet conversation;

SQL 架构是：

create table conversation
(
    c_id bigint not null primary key
);

create table conversation_reply
(
    cr_id bigint not null primary key,
    c_id_fk bigint not null,
    constraint fk_c_id_fk foreign key (c_id_fk) references conversation(c_id)
);

堆栈跟踪：

org.hibernate.tool.schema.spi.SchemaManagementException: Schema-validation: missing column [conversation_c_id] in table [conversation_reply]
at org.hibernate.tool.schema.internal.AbstractSchemaValidator.validateTable(AbstractSchemaValidator.java:136)
at org.hibernate.tool.schema.internal.GroupedSchemaValidatorImpl.validateTables(GroupedSchemaValidatorImpl.java:42)
at org.hibernate.tool.schema.internal.AbstractSchemaValidator.performValidation(AbstractSchemaValidator.java:89)
at org.hibernate.tool.schema.internal.AbstractSchemaValidator.doValidation(AbstractSchemaValidator.java:68)
at org.hibernate.tool.schema.spi.SchemaManagementToolCoordinator.performDatabaseAction(SchemaManagementToolCoordinator.java:191)
at org.hibernate.tool.schema.spi.SchemaManagementToolCoordinator.process(SchemaManagementToolCoordinator.java:72)
at org.hibernate.internal.SessionFactoryImpl.<init>(SessionFactoryImpl.java:310)
at org.hibernate.boot.internal.SessionFactoryBuilderImpl.build(SessionFactoryBuilderImpl.java:467)
at org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration.buildSessionFactory(Configuration.java:708)
at dbService.DBServiceImpl.createSessionFactory(DBServiceImpl.java:155)
at dbService.DBServiceImpl.<init>(DBServiceImpl.java:42)
at main.Main.main(Main.java:23)

以防万一 Hibernate 配置为：

configuration.setProperty("hibernate.dialect", "org.hibernate.dialect.PostgreSQL94Dialect");
configuration.setProperty("hibernate.connection.driver_class", "org.postgresql.Driver");
configuration.setProperty("hibernate.connection.url", "jdbc:postgresql://localhost:5432/chatroomdb");
configuration.setProperty("hibernate.connection.username", "someusername");
configuration.setProperty("hibernate.connection.password", "somepassword");
configuration.setProperty("hibernate.show_sql", "true");
configuration.setProperty("hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto", "validate");
//   configuration.setProperty("hibernate.implicit_naming_strategy", "legacy-jpa");

谢谢。

【参考方案1】：

将您的 ManyToOne 关系更改为：

@ManyToOne(fetch = FetchType.LAZY)
@JoinColumn(name = "c_id_fk")
private ConversationDataSet conversation;

并删除它

@Column(name = "c_id_fk")
private long cIdFk;

你可以在这里阅读更多 https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Java_Persistence/ManyToOne#Example_of_a_ManyToOne_relationship_annotations

【讨论】：

礼萨，谢谢你的回答。我建议它不会工作。我认为专栏不能引用它自己的实体。不过我今晚会试试看。

Reza，它的工作！你能解释一下发生了什么吗？为什么我们必须从同一个实体中引用实体的列？ Hibernate 在执行这个决定时收到了什么样的指令？这很有趣。对不起我过早的怀疑。非常感谢您的帮助。

你可以在这里阅读更多en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Java_Persistence/…

哦，是的……我读了好几遍……谢谢你帮助我摆脱昏迷。