Group By 语句中的重复列
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【中文标题】Group By 语句中的重复列【英文标题】：Duplicate Columns in Group By Statement 【发布时间】：2012-09-05 14:41:30 【问题描述】：我正在尝试将这个 Oracle Discoverer 创建的 SQL 脚本转换为可以从 Discoverer 外部运行的查询。当我尝试运行脚本时，出现以下错误：
SQL 语句无效，因为它包含以下重复的列名：LEAF_DETAILS、LEAF_DETAILS_DESCR、LEAF_DETAILS、LEAF_DETAILS_DESCR。通过为列提供别名来更正语句。
我必须转换大约 100 个这样的脚本，因此我正在寻找一种方法来轻松修改此脚本输出，而无需重新构建每个脚本。有什么想法吗？
SELECT O1890255.LEAF_DETAILS,
O1890286.ACTIVITY,
O1890258.LEAF_DETAILS_DESCR,
O1890261.LEAF_DETAILS,
O1890261.LEAF_DETAILS_DESCR,
O1890286.BUSINESS_UNIT,
O1890286.PROJECT_DESCR,
O1890287.PROJECT_ID,
O1890288.LEAF_DETAILS,
O1890288.LEAF_DETAILS_DESCR,
O1890287.SUB_PROJECT,
O1890287.SYSTEM_SOURCE,
O1890287.YEAR,
SUM (O1890287.RESOURCE_AMT_BUD),
SUM (O1890287.RESOURCE_AMT_ACT),
(SUM (
DECODE (O1890287.ACCOUNTING_PERIOD,
'8', O1890287.RESOURCE_AMT_ACT,
0)))
- (SUM (
DECODE (O1890287.ACCOUNTING_PERIOD,
'8', O1890287.RESOURCE_AMT_BUD,
0))),
SUM (
DECODE (O1890287.ACCOUNTING_PERIOD,
'8', O1890287.RESOURCE_AMT_BUD,
0)),
SUM (
DECODE (O1890287.ACCOUNTING_PERIOD,
'8', O1890287.RESOURCE_AMT_ACT,
0)),
SUM (O1890287.RESOURCE_AMT_ACT - O1890287.RESOURCE_AMT_BUD)
FROM WAREHOUSE.PPL_RPTD_COST_MGMT01JAN00 O1890255,
WAREHOUSE.PPL_RPTD_ACTIVITY_BUDG O1890258,
WAREHOUSE.PPL_RPTD_BUD_ITEMS01JAN00 O1890261,
WAREHOUSE.PROJECT_DENORMAL_GEN O1890286,
WAREHOUSE.PROJ_RES_DENORMAL_GEN O1890287,
WAREHOUSE.SRC_TREE_VW O1890288
WHERE ( (O1890255.LEAF_DETAILS = O1890287.ACCOUNT)
AND (O1890258.LEAF_DETAILS = O1890286.ACTIVITY)
AND (O1890261.LEAF_DETAILS = O1890287.BUDGET_ITEM)
AND (O1890286.PROJECT_ID = O1890287.PROJECT_ID)
AND (O1890288.LEAF_DETAILS = O1890287.SRC))
AND ( ( ( O1890255.LEAF_DETAILS LIKE '12011'
OR O1890255.LEAF_DETAILS = '10700')))
AND (O1890287.ACTIVITY LIKE '000002F%')
AND ( O1890287.SUB_PROJECT <> '897'
AND O1890287.BUDGET_ITEM <> 'CAPBD'
AND O1890287.SUB_PROJECT <> '896')
AND (O1890261.LEAF_DETAILS NOT IN ('PLTIS', '14M00'))
AND (O1890287.ACCOUNTING_PERIOD <= '8')
AND (O1890287.YEAR = '2012')
AND (O1890286.BUSINESS_UNIT LIKE '52110')
AND (O1890287.ACCOUNTING_PERIOD NOT IN (998, 999))
AND (O1890287.SYSTEM_SOURCE NOT IN ( ('PLT')))
GROUP BY O1890255.LEAF_DETAILS,
O1890286.ACTIVITY,
O1890258.LEAF_DETAILS_DESCR,
O1890261.LEAF_DETAILS,
O1890261.LEAF_DETAILS_DESCR,
O1890286.BUSINESS_UNIT,
O1890286.PROJECT_DESCR,
O1890287.PROJECT_ID,
O1890288.LEAF_DETAILS,
O1890288.LEAF_DETAILS_DESCR,
O1890287.SUB_PROJECT,
O1890287.SYSTEM_SOURCE,
O1890287.YEAR
【问题讨论】：
至少在 sqlfiddle 上，有重复的列只会显示其中之一；但是，添加别名将同时显示两者。看到这个小提琴sqlfiddle.com/#!4/4f184/6，你在运行这个查询时遇到任何错误吗？ 【参考方案1】：这会做你想做的事。这很丑陋，但它会完成工作。只需将查询粘贴到@query 变量中，然后按 F5；输出是您的新查询。您需要将任何单个撇号替换为两个撇号，才能将准确的查询放入变量中。
要自动清理一堆查询，您可以将其转换为 sproc，并通过查询文件向光标写入一些内容，将其文本拉入变量，将变量传递给 sproc 并将结果输出到新的文件。
Declare @query Varchar(Max),
@columns Varchar(Max),
@from Varchar(Max),
@check Int = -1,
@checkChar Varchar(1),
@counter Int = 0,
@newColumns Varchar(Max);;
Declare @indexes Table (tID Int Identity, indexLoc Int, indexChar Varchar(1))
Declare @colNames Table (tID Int, colName Varchar(512))
Set @query =
'SELECT O1890255.LEAF_DETAILS, O1890286.ACTIVITY, O1890258.LEAF_DETAILS_DESCR, O1890261.LEAF_DETAILS, O1890261.LEAF_DETAILS_DESCR, O1890286.BUSINESS_UNIT, O1890286.PROJECT_DESCR, O1890287.PROJECT_ID, O1890288.LEAF_DETAILS, O1890288.LEAF_DETAILS_DESCR, O1890287.SUB_PROJECT, O1890287.SYSTEM_SOURCE, O1890287.YEAR, SUM(O1890287.RESOURCE_AMT_BUD), SUM(O1890287.RESOURCE_AMT_ACT), ( SUM(DECODE(O1890287.ACCOUNTING_PERIOD,''8'',O1890287.RESOURCE_AMT_ACT,0)) )-( SUM(DECODE(O1890287.ACCOUNTING_PERIOD,''8'',O1890287.RESOURCE_AMT_BUD,0)) ), SUM(DECODE(O1890287.ACCOUNTING_PERIOD,''8'',O1890287.RESOURCE_AMT_BUD,0)), SUM(DECODE(O1890287.ACCOUNTING_PERIOD,''8'',O1890287.RESOURCE_AMT_ACT,0)), SUM(O1890287.RESOURCE_AMT_ACT-O1890287.RESOURCE_AMT_BUD)
FROM WAREHOUSE.PPL_RPTD_COST_MGMT01JAN00 O1890255, WAREHOUSE.PPL_RPTD_ACTIVITY_BUDG O1890258, WAREHOUSE.PPL_RPTD_BUD_ITEMS01JAN00 O1890261, WAREHOUSE.PROJECT_DENORMAL_GEN O1890286, WAREHOUSE.PROJ_RES_DENORMAL_GEN O1890287, WAREHOUSE.SRC_TREE_VW O1890288
WHERE ( ( O1890255.LEAF_DETAILS = O1890287.ACCOUNT ) AND ( O1890258.LEAF_DETAILS = O1890286.ACTIVITY ) AND ( O1890261.LEAF_DETAILS = O1890287.BUDGET_ITEM ) AND ( O1890286.PROJECT_ID = O1890287.PROJECT_ID ) AND ( O1890288.LEAF_DETAILS = O1890287.SRC ) ) AND ( ( ( O1890255.LEAF_DETAILS LIKE ''12011'' OR O1890255.LEAF_DETAILS = ''10700'' ) ) ) AND ( O1890287.ACTIVITY LIKE ''000002F%'' ) AND ( O1890287.SUB_PROJECT <> ''897'' AND O1890287.BUDGET_ITEM <> ''CAPBD'' AND O1890287.SUB_PROJECT <> ''896'' ) AND ( O1890261.LEAF_DETAILS NOT IN (''PLTIS'',''14M00'') ) AND ( O1890287.ACCOUNTING_PERIOD <= ''8'' ) AND ( O1890287.YEAR = ''2012'' ) AND ( O1890286.BUSINESS_UNIT LIKE ''52110'' ) AND ( O1890287.ACCOUNTING_PERIOD NOT IN (998,999) ) AND ( O1890287.SYSTEM_SOURCE NOT IN (( ''PLT'' )) )
GROUP BY O1890255.LEAF_DETAILS, O1890286.ACTIVITY, O1890258.LEAF_DETAILS_DESCR, O1890261.LEAF_DETAILS, O1890261.LEAF_DETAILS_DESCR, O1890286.BUSINESS_UNIT, O1890286.PROJECT_DESCR, O1890287.PROJECT_ID, O1890288.LEAF_DETAILS, O1890288.LEAF_DETAILS_DESCR, O1890287.SUB_PROJECT, O1890287.SYSTEM_SOURCE, O1890287.YEAR'
Set @from = Right(@query,Len(@query)-(CharIndex('FROM',@query)-1))
Set @columns = Replace(Replace(Replace(@query,@from,''),'SELECT',''),' ','')
While 1 = 1
Begin
Select @check = Min(val)
From (Select CharIndex(',',@columns,@check + 1) As val
Union
Select CharIndex('(',@columns,@check + 1)
Union
Select CharIndex(')',@columns,@check + 1)) As n
If (@check = 0)
Begin
Break
End
Insert @indexes
Select @check, Substring(@columns,@check,1)
End
Delete i1
From @indexes i1
Join @indexes i2
On i1.tID = i2.tID+1
And i1.indexChar = '('
And i2.indexChar = '('
Delete i1
From @indexes i1
Join @indexes i2
On i1.tID = i2.tID-1
And i1.indexChar = ')'
And i2.indexChar = ')'
Declare @indexLoc Int,
@indexChar Varchar(1)
Declare cur Cursor For
Select indexLoc,
indexChar
From @indexes;
Open cur;
Fetch Next
From cur
Into @indexLoc,
@indexChar
Select @checkChar = (Select Top 1 indexChar
From @indexes
Order By tID)
While @@Fetch_Status = 0
Begin
If @indexChar = '('
Begin
Set @counter = @counter + 1;
End
Else If @indexChar = ')'
Begin
Set @counter = @counter - 1;
End
If @counter > 0
Begin
Delete i
From @indexes i
Where indexLoc = @indexLoc
Set @checkChar = @indexChar
End
Fetch Next
From cur
Into @indexLoc,
@indexChar
End
Close cur;
Deallocate cur;
With buildBase As
(
Select 0 As tID, 0 As indexLoc, ',' As indexChar
Union All
Select Row_Number() Over (Order By tID), indexLoc, indexChar
From @indexes
Where indexChar Not In ('(',')')
Union All
Select Count(1) + 1, Len(@columns), ','
From @indexes
Where indexChar Not In ('(',')')
), seperateColumns As
(
Select Row_Number() Over (Order By i1.tID) as tID,
Substring(@columns,i1.indexLoc + 1,i2.indexLoc-(i1.indexLoc+1)) As colName
From buildBase i1
Join buildBase i2
On i1.tID = i2.tID-1
), newNames As
(
Select tID,
Case
When colName Like '%(%'
Then colName +
' [Column' + Convert(Varchar(10),Row_Number() Over (Partition By Case
When colName like '%(%' Then 1
Else 0
End
Order By tID)) + ']'
Else colName +
' [' + Right(colName,Len(colName)-CharIndex('.',colName)) +
Convert(Varchar(10),Row_Number() Over ( Partition By Right(colName,Len(colName)-CharIndex('.',colName))
Order By tID)) + ']'
End As colName
From seperateColumns
)
Insert @colNames
Select tID, colName
From newNames
Order By tID
Select @newColumns = COALESCE(@newColumns + ', ', '') + colName
From @colNames
Order By tID
Select 'SELECT ' + @newColumns + ' ' + @from
输出：
SELECT O1890255.LEAF_DETAILS [LEAF_DETAILS1], O1890286.ACTIVITY [ACTIVITY1], O1890258.LEAF_DETAILS_DESCR [LEAF_DETAILS_DESCR1], O1890261.LEAF_DETAILS [LEAF_DETAILS2], O1890261.LEAF_DETAILS_DESCR [LEAF_DETAILS_DESCR2], O1890286.BUSINESS_UNIT [BUSINESS_UNIT1], O1890286.PROJECT_DESCR [PROJECT_DESCR1], O1890287.PROJECT_ID [PROJECT_ID1], O1890288.LEAF_DETAILS [LEAF_DETAILS3], O1890288.LEAF_DETAILS_DESCR [LEAF_DETAILS_DESCR3], O1890287.SUB_PROJECT [SUB_PROJECT1], O1890287.SYSTEM_SOURCE [SYSTEM_SOURCE1], O1890287.YEAR [YEAR1], SUM(O1890287.RESOURCE_AMT_BUD) [Column1], SUM(O1890287.RESOURCE_AMT_ACT) [Column2], (SUM(DECODE(O1890287.ACCOUNTING_PERIOD,'8',O1890287.RESOURCE_AMT_ACT,0)))-(SUM(DECODE(O1890287.ACCOUNTING_PERIOD,'8',O1890287.RESOURCE_AMT_BUD,0))) [Column3], SUM(DECODE(O1890287.ACCOUNTING_PERIOD,'8',O1890287.RESOURCE_AMT_BUD,0)) [Column4], SUM(DECODE(O1890287.ACCOUNTING_PERIOD,'8',O1890287.RESOURCE_AMT_ACT,0)) [Column5], SUM(O1890287.RESOURCE_AMT_ACT-O1890287.RESOURCE_AMT_BUD) [Column6] FROM WAREHOUSE.PPL_RPTD_COST_MGMT01JAN00 O1890255, WAREHOUSE.PPL_RPTD_ACTIVITY_BUDG O1890258, WAREHOUSE.PPL_RPTD_BUD_ITEMS01JAN00 O1890261, WAREHOUSE.PROJECT_DENORMAL_GEN O1890286, WAREHOUSE.PROJ_RES_DENORMAL_GEN O1890287, WAREHOUSE.SRC_TREE_VW O1890288 WHERE ( ( O1890255.LEAF_DETAILS = O1890287.ACCOUNT ) AND ( O1890258.LEAF_DETAILS = O1890286.ACTIVITY ) AND ( O1890261.LEAF_DETAILS = O1890287.BUDGET_ITEM ) AND ( O1890286.PROJECT_ID = O1890287.PROJECT_ID ) AND ( O1890288.LEAF_DETAILS = O1890287.SRC ) ) AND ( ( ( O1890255.LEAF_DETAILS LIKE '12011' OR O1890255.LEAF_DETAILS = '10700' ) ) ) AND ( O1890287.ACTIVITY LIKE '000002F%' ) AND ( O1890287.SUB_PROJECT <> '897' AND O1890287.BUDGET_ITEM <> 'CAPBD' AND O1890287.SUB_PROJECT <> '896' ) AND ( O1890261.LEAF_DETAILS NOT IN ('PLTIS','14M00') ) AND ( O1890287.ACCOUNTING_PERIOD <= '8' ) AND ( O1890287.YEAR = '2012' ) AND ( O1890286.BUSINESS_UNIT LIKE '52110' ) AND ( O1890287.ACCOUNTING_PERIOD NOT IN (998,999) ) AND ( O1890287.SYSTEM_SOURCE NOT IN (( 'PLT' )) ) GROUP BY O1890255.LEAF_DETAILS, O1890286.ACTIVITY, O1890258.LEAF_DETAILS_DESCR, O1890261.LEAF_DETAILS, O1890261.LEAF_DETAILS_DESCR, O1890286.BUSINESS_UNIT, O1890286.PROJECT_DESCR, O1890287.PROJECT_ID, O1890288.LEAF_DETAILS, O1890288.LEAF_DETAILS_DESCR, O1890287.SUB_PROJECT, O1890287.SYSTEM_SOURCE, O1890287.YEAR
【讨论】：
【参考方案2】：按位置而不是名称引用分组列，例如：
select col1, col2, sum(col3), col4
from table
group by 1, 2, 4;
仅供参考，此语法选项是 SQL 标准的一部分，适用于所有 SQL 数据库。
【讨论】：
【参考方案3】：试试这个：
SELECT O1890255.LEAF_DETAILS as LEAF_DETAILS1, O1890286.ACTIVITY, O1890258.LEAF_DETAILS_DESCR as LEAF_DETAILS_DESCR1 , O1890261.LEAF_DETAILS as LEAF_DETAILS2, O1890261.LEAF_DETAILS_DESCR as LEAF_DETAILS_DESCR2, O1890286.BUSINESS_UNIT, O1890286.PROJECT_DESCR, O1890287.PROJECT_ID, O1890288.LEAF_DETAILS as LEAF_DETAILS3, O1890288.LEAF_DETAILS_DESCR as LEAF_DETAILS_DESCR3, O1890287.SUB_PROJECT, O1890287.SYSTEM_SOURCE, O1890287.YEAR, SUM(O1890287.RESOURCE_AMT_BUD), SUM(O1890287.RESOURCE_AMT_ACT), ( SUM(DECODE(O1890287.ACCOUNTING_PERIOD,'8',O1890287.RESOURCE_AMT_ACT,0)) )-( SUM(DECODE(O1890287.ACCOUNTING_PERIOD,'8',O1890287.RESOURCE_AMT_BUD,0)) ), SUM(DECODE(O1890287.ACCOUNTING_PERIOD,'8',O1890287.RESOURCE_AMT_BUD,0)), SUM(DECODE(O1890287.ACCOUNTING_PERIOD,'8',O1890287.RESOURCE_AMT_ACT,0)), SUM(O1890287.RESOURCE_AMT_ACT-O1890287.RESOURCE_AMT_BUD)
FROM WAREHOUSE.PPL_RPTD_COST_MGMT01JAN00 O1890255, WAREHOUSE.PPL_RPTD_ACTIVITY_BUDG O1890258, WAREHOUSE.PPL_RPTD_BUD_ITEMS01JAN00 O1890261, WAREHOUSE.PROJECT_DENORMAL_GEN O1890286, WAREHOUSE.PROJ_RES_DENORMAL_GEN O1890287, WAREHOUSE.SRC_TREE_VW O1890288
WHERE ( ( O1890255.LEAF_DETAILS = O1890287.ACCOUNT ) AND ( O1890258.LEAF_DETAILS = O1890286.ACTIVITY ) AND ( O1890261.LEAF_DETAILS = O1890287.BUDGET_ITEM ) AND ( O1890286.PROJECT_ID = O1890287.PROJECT_ID ) AND ( O1890288.LEAF_DETAILS = O1890287.SRC ) ) AND ( ( ( O1890255.LEAF_DETAILS LIKE '12011' OR O1890255.LEAF_DETAILS = '10700' ) ) ) AND ( O1890287.ACTIVITY LIKE '000002F%' ) AND ( O1890287.SUB_PROJECT <> '897' AND O1890287.BUDGET_ITEM <> 'CAPBD' AND O1890287.SUB_PROJECT <> '896' ) AND ( O1890261.LEAF_DETAILS NOT IN ('PLTIS','14M00') ) AND ( O1890287.ACCOUNTING_PERIOD <= '8' ) AND ( O1890287.YEAR = '2012' ) AND ( O1890286.BUSINESS_UNIT LIKE '52110' ) AND ( O1890287.ACCOUNTING_PERIOD NOT IN (998,999) ) AND ( O1890287.SYSTEM_SOURCE NOT IN (( 'PLT' )) )
GROUP BY O1890255.LEAF_DETAILS, O1890286.ACTIVITY, O1890258.LEAF_DETAILS_DESCR, O1890261.LEAF_DETAILS, O1890261.LEAF_DETAILS_DESCR, O1890286.BUSINESS_UNIT, O1890286.PROJECT_DESCR, O1890287.PROJECT_ID, O1890288.LEAF_DETAILS, O1890288.LEAF_DETAILS_DESCR, O1890287.SUB_PROJECT, O1890287.SYSTEM_SOURCE, O1890287.YEAR
【讨论】：
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