Flyway / Spring和H2嵌入式数据库的架构相关问题

Posted 2023-03-28

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【中文标题】Flyway / Spring和H2嵌入式数据库的架构相关问题【英文标题】：Schema related problems with Flyway / Spring and H2 embedded database 【发布时间】：2013-02-05 00:21:29 【问题描述】：

我正在构建一个使用 mysql 数据库的 Spring 3 MVC 应用程序，并且最近将 Flyway 集成到解决方案中以管理数据库迁移。我已经根据Flyway documentation 成功配置了我的applicationContext.xml，这样，在应用程序启动时，Flyway 将迁移到最新版本。

我无法让 Flyway 很好地配合我的单元/功能测试。我将 Spring Data JPA 用于我的数据访问层，并构建了一些 JUnit 测试来测试一些自定义查询。

我用于这些测试的应用程序配置是：

<jdbc:embedded-database id="dataSource" type="H2" />

<bean id="dataSource" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource" >
  <property name="driverClassName" value="org.h2.Driver"/>
  <property name="url" value="jdbc:h2:mem:medical_claims_tracker;DB_CLOSE_ON_EXIT=FALSE;DB_CLOSE_DELAY=-1;MODE=MySQL;INIT=CREATE SCHEMA IF NOT EXISTS medical_claims_tracker" />
</bean>

<bean id="flyway" class="com.googlecode.flyway.core.Flyway" init-method="migrate">
    <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
    <property name="schemas" value="medical_claims_tracker"/>
    <property name="sqlMigrationPrefix" value="Migration_"/>
</bean>

当我运行单元测试（通过 Eclipse 或使用 Maven）时，我得到以下异常：

ERROR: org.springframework.test.context.TestContextManager - Caught exception while allowing TestExecutionListener [org.springframework.test.context.web.ServletTestExecutionListener@4cd4544] to prepare test instance [name.hines.steven.medical_claims_tracker.repositories.ExpenseRepositoryTest@1664a9b]
java.lang.IllegalStateException: Failed to load ApplicationContext
    at org.springframework.test.context.TestContext.getApplicationContext(TestContext.java:157)
    at org.springframework.test.context.web.ServletTestExecutionListener.setUpRequestContextIfNecessary(ServletTestExecutionListener.java:103)
    at org.springframework.test.context.web.ServletTestExecutionListener.prepareTestInstance(ServletTestExecutionListener.java:73)
    at org.springframework.test.context.TestContextManager.prepareTestInstance(TestContextManager.java:313)
    at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.createTest(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:211)
    at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner$1.runReflectiveCall(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:288)
    at org.junit.internal.runners.model.ReflectiveCallable.run(ReflectiveCallable.java:15)
    at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.methodBlock(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:284)
    at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:231)
    at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:88)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$3.run(ParentRunner.java:193)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$1.schedule(ParentRunner.java:52)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runChildren(ParentRunner.java:191)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.access$000(ParentRunner.java:42)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$2.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:184)
    at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunBeforeTestClassCallbacks.evaluate(RunBeforeTestClassCallbacks.java:61)
    at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunAfterTestClassCallbacks.evaluate(RunAfterTestClassCallbacks.java:71)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:236)
    at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.run(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:174)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit4.runner.JUnit4TestReference.run(JUnit4TestReference.java:50)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.TestExecution.run(TestExecution.java:38)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:467)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:683)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.run(RemoteTestRunner.java:390)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.main(RemoteTestRunner.java:197)
Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'org.springframework.dao.annotation.PersistenceExceptionTranslationPostProcessor#0': Initialization of bean failed; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'flyway' defined in class path resource [tests_persistence-applicationContext.xml]: Invocation of init method failed; nested exception is com.googlecode.flyway.core.api.FlywayException: Error setting current schema to medical_claims_tracker
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:532)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:461)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory$1.getObject(AbstractBeanFactory.java:295)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:223)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:292)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:198)
    at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.registerBeanPostProcessors(AbstractApplicationContext.java:741)
    at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:464)
    at org.springframework.test.context.support.AbstractGenericContextLoader.loadContext(AbstractGenericContextLoader.java:106)
    at org.springframework.test.context.support.AbstractGenericContextLoader.loadContext(AbstractGenericContextLoader.java:57)
    at org.springframework.test.context.support.AbstractDelegatingSmartContextLoader.delegateLoading(AbstractDelegatingSmartContextLoader.java:100)
    at org.springframework.test.context.support.AbstractDelegatingSmartContextLoader.loadContext(AbstractDelegatingSmartContextLoader.java:248)
    at org.springframework.test.context.TestContext.loadApplicationContext(TestContext.java:124)
    at org.springframework.test.context.TestContext.getApplicationContext(TestContext.java:148)
    ... 24 more
Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'flyway' defined in class path resource [tests_persistence-applicationContext.xml]: Invocation of init method failed; nested exception is com.googlecode.flyway.core.api.FlywayException: Error setting current schema to medical_claims_tracker
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.initializeBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1486)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:524)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:461)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory$1.getObject(AbstractBeanFactory.java:295)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:223)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:292)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:194)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:285)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:198)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.getBeansOfType(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:439)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanFactoryUtils.beansOfTypeIncludingAncestors(BeanFactoryUtils.java:277)
    at org.springframework.dao.support.PersistenceExceptionTranslationInterceptor.detectPersistenceExceptionTranslators(PersistenceExceptionTranslationInterceptor.java:139)
    at org.springframework.dao.support.PersistenceExceptionTranslationInterceptor.<init>(PersistenceExceptionTranslationInterceptor.java:79)
    at org.springframework.dao.annotation.PersistenceExceptionTranslationAdvisor.<init>(PersistenceExceptionTranslationAdvisor.java:71)
    at org.springframework.dao.annotation.PersistenceExceptionTranslationPostProcessor.setBeanFactory(PersistenceExceptionTranslationPostProcessor.java:85)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.invokeAwareMethods(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1506)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.initializeBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1474)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:524)
    ... 37 more
Caused by: com.googlecode.flyway.core.api.FlywayException: Error setting current schema to medical_claims_tracker
    at com.googlecode.flyway.core.Flyway.execute(Flyway.java:1250)
    at com.googlecode.flyway.core.Flyway.migrate(Flyway.java:820)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:39)
    at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:25)
    at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:597)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.invokeCustomInitMethod(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1612)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.invokeInitMethods(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1553)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.initializeBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1483)
    ... 54 more
Caused by: org.h2.jdbc.JdbcSQLException: Schema "medical_claims_tracker" not found; SQL statement:
SET SCHEMA "medical_claims_tracker" [90079-160]
    at org.h2.message.DbException.getJdbcSQLException(DbException.java:329)
    at org.h2.message.DbException.get(DbException.java:169)
    at org.h2.message.DbException.get(DbException.java:146)
    at org.h2.engine.Database.getSchema(Database.java:1501)
    at org.h2.command.dml.Set.update(Set.java:290)
    at org.h2.command.CommandContainer.update(CommandContainer.java:73)
    at org.h2.command.Command.executeUpdate(Command.java:219)
    at org.h2.jdbc.JdbcPreparedStatement.execute(JdbcPreparedStatement.java:181)
    at com.googlecode.flyway.core.dbsupport.JdbcTemplate.execute(JdbcTemplate.java:280)
    at com.googlecode.flyway.core.dbsupport.h2.H2DbSupport.setCurrentSchema(H2DbSupport.java:79)
    at com.googlecode.flyway.core.Flyway.execute(Flyway.java:1247)
    ... 62 more

我不知道如何让 H2 数据库识别我想使用名为 medical_claims_tracker 的模式这一事实。我使用this answer 来帮助我尝试不同的连接 URL，并使用this answer 来帮助我确定在测试期间使用的 applicationContext 覆盖。

我怀疑这与 H2 在初始创建后但在测试可以运行之前删除架构有关，但我认为 DB_CLOSE_ON_EXIT=FALSE;DB_CLOSE_DELAY=-1; 会为我解决这个问题。有趣的是，如果我在 flyway bean 配置中删除模式的规范：

<bean id="flyway" class="com.googlecode.flyway.core.Flyway" init-method="migrate">
    <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
    <property name="sqlMigrationPrefix" value="Migration_"/>
</bean>

我得到一个不同的例外：

INFO : com.googlecode.flyway.core.metadatatable.MetaDataTableImpl - Creating Metadata table: "public"."schema_version"
ERROR: org.springframework.test.context.TestContextManager - Caught exception while allowing TestExecutionListener [org.springframework.test.context.web.ServletTestExecutionListener@4bd27069] to prepare test instance [name.hines.steven.medical_claims_tracker.repositories.ExpenseRepositoryTest@64d22462]
java.lang.IllegalStateException: Failed to load ApplicationContext
    at org.springframework.test.context.TestContext.getApplicationContext(TestContext.java:157)
    at org.springframework.test.context.web.ServletTestExecutionListener.setUpRequestContextIfNecessary(ServletTestExecutionListener.java:103)
    at org.springframework.test.context.web.ServletTestExecutionListener.prepareTestInstance(ServletTestExecutionListener.java:73)
    at org.springframework.test.context.TestContextManager.prepareTestInstance(TestContextManager.java:313)
    at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.createTest(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:211)
    at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner$1.runReflectiveCall(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:288)
    at org.junit.internal.runners.model.ReflectiveCallable.run(ReflectiveCallable.java:15)
    at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.methodBlock(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:284)
    at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:231)
    at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:88)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$3.run(ParentRunner.java:193)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$1.schedule(ParentRunner.java:52)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runChildren(ParentRunner.java:191)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.access$000(ParentRunner.java:42)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$2.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:184)
    at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunBeforeTestClassCallbacks.evaluate(RunBeforeTestClassCallbacks.java:61)
    at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunAfterTestClassCallbacks.evaluate(RunAfterTestClassCallbacks.java:71)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:236)
    at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.run(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:174)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit4.runner.JUnit4TestReference.run(JUnit4TestReference.java:50)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.TestExecution.run(TestExecution.java:38)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:467)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:683)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.run(RemoteTestRunner.java:390)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.main(RemoteTestRunner.java:197)
Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'org.springframework.dao.annotation.PersistenceExceptionTranslationPostProcessor#0': Initialization of bean failed; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'flyway' defined in class path resource [tests_persistence-applicationContext.xml]: Invocation of init method failed; nested exception is com.googlecode.flyway.core.api.FlywayException: Error executing statement at line 17: CREATE TABLE "public"."schema_version" (
    "version_rank" INT NOT NULL,
    "installed_rank" INT NOT NULL,
    "version" VARCHAR(50) NOT NULL,
    "description" VARCHAR(200) NOT NULL,
    "type" VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL,
    "script" VARCHAR(1000) NOT NULL,
    "checksum" INT,
    "installed_by" VARCHAR(30) NOT NULL,
    "installed_on" TIMESTAMP NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
    "execution_time" INT NOT NULL,
    "success" BOOLEAN NOT NULL
)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:532)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:461)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory$1.getObject(AbstractBeanFactory.java:295)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:223)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:292)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:198)
    at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.registerBeanPostProcessors(AbstractApplicationContext.java:741)
    at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:464)
    at org.springframework.test.context.support.AbstractGenericContextLoader.loadContext(AbstractGenericContextLoader.java:106)
    at org.springframework.test.context.support.AbstractGenericContextLoader.loadContext(AbstractGenericContextLoader.java:57)
    at org.springframework.test.context.support.AbstractDelegatingSmartContextLoader.delegateLoading(AbstractDelegatingSmartContextLoader.java:100)
    at org.springframework.test.context.support.AbstractDelegatingSmartContextLoader.loadContext(AbstractDelegatingSmartContextLoader.java:248)
    at org.springframework.test.context.TestContext.loadApplicationContext(TestContext.java:124)
    at org.springframework.test.context.TestContext.getApplicationContext(TestContext.java:148)
    ... 24 more
Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'flyway' defined in class path resource [tests_persistence-applicationContext.xml]: Invocation of init method failed; nested exception is com.googlecode.flyway.core.api.FlywayException: Error executing statement at line 17: CREATE TABLE "public"."schema_version" (
    "version_rank" INT NOT NULL,
    "installed_rank" INT NOT NULL,
    "version" VARCHAR(50) NOT NULL,
    "description" VARCHAR(200) NOT NULL,
    "type" VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL,
    "script" VARCHAR(1000) NOT NULL,
    "checksum" INT,
    "installed_by" VARCHAR(30) NOT NULL,
    "installed_on" TIMESTAMP NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
    "execution_time" INT NOT NULL,
    "success" BOOLEAN NOT NULL
)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.initializeBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1486)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:524)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:461)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory$1.getObject(AbstractBeanFactory.java:295)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:223)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:292)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:194)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:285)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:198)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.getBeansOfType(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:439)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanFactoryUtils.beansOfTypeIncludingAncestors(BeanFactoryUtils.java:277)
    at org.springframework.dao.support.PersistenceExceptionTranslationInterceptor.detectPersistenceExceptionTranslators(PersistenceExceptionTranslationInterceptor.java:139)
    at org.springframework.dao.support.PersistenceExceptionTranslationInterceptor.<init>(PersistenceExceptionTranslationInterceptor.java:79)
    at org.springframework.dao.annotation.PersistenceExceptionTranslationAdvisor.<init>(PersistenceExceptionTranslationAdvisor.java:71)
    at org.springframework.dao.annotation.PersistenceExceptionTranslationPostProcessor.setBeanFactory(PersistenceExceptionTranslationPostProcessor.java:85)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.invokeAwareMethods(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1506)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.initializeBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1474)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:524)
    ... 37 more
Caused by: com.googlecode.flyway.core.api.FlywayException: Error executing statement at line 17: CREATE TABLE "public"."schema_version" (
    "version_rank" INT NOT NULL,
    "installed_rank" INT NOT NULL,
    "version" VARCHAR(50) NOT NULL,
    "description" VARCHAR(200) NOT NULL,
    "type" VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL,
    "script" VARCHAR(1000) NOT NULL,
    "checksum" INT,
    "installed_by" VARCHAR(30) NOT NULL,
    "installed_on" TIMESTAMP NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
    "execution_time" INT NOT NULL,
    "success" BOOLEAN NOT NULL
)
    at com.googlecode.flyway.core.dbsupport.SqlStatement.execute(SqlStatement.java:78)
    at com.googlecode.flyway.core.dbsupport.SqlScript.execute(SqlScript.java:94)
    at com.googlecode.flyway.core.metadatatable.MetaDataTableImpl$1.doInTransaction(MetaDataTableImpl.java:124)
    at com.googlecode.flyway.core.metadatatable.MetaDataTableImpl$1.doInTransaction(MetaDataTableImpl.java:121)
    at com.googlecode.flyway.core.util.jdbc.TransactionTemplate.execute(TransactionTemplate.java:54)
    at com.googlecode.flyway.core.metadatatable.MetaDataTableImpl.create(MetaDataTableImpl.java:121)
    at com.googlecode.flyway.core.metadatatable.MetaDataTableImpl.createIfNotExists(MetaDataTableImpl.java:134)
    at com.googlecode.flyway.core.Flyway$1.execute(Flyway.java:834)
    at com.googlecode.flyway.core.Flyway$1.execute(Flyway.java:820)
    at com.googlecode.flyway.core.Flyway.execute(Flyway.java:1259)
    at com.googlecode.flyway.core.Flyway.migrate(Flyway.java:820)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:39)
    at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:25)
    at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:597)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.invokeCustomInitMethod(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1612)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.invokeInitMethods(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1553)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.initializeBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1483)
    ... 54 more
Caused by: org.h2.jdbc.JdbcSQLException: Schema "public" not found; SQL statement:
CREATE TABLE "public"."schema_version" (
    "version_rank" INT NOT NULL,
    "installed_rank" INT NOT NULL,
    "version" VARCHAR(50) NOT NULL,
    "description" VARCHAR(200) NOT NULL,
    "type" VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL,
    "script" VARCHAR(1000) NOT NULL,
    "checksum" INT,
    "installed_by" VARCHAR(30) NOT NULL,
    "installed_on" TIMESTAMP NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
    "execution_time" INT NOT NULL,
    "success" BOOLEAN NOT NULL
) [90079-160]
    at org.h2.message.DbException.getJdbcSQLException(DbException.java:329)
    at org.h2.message.DbException.get(DbException.java:169)
    at org.h2.message.DbException.get(DbException.java:146)
    at org.h2.command.Parser.getSchema(Parser.java:613)
    at org.h2.command.Parser.getSchema(Parser.java:620)
    at org.h2.command.Parser.parseCreateTable(Parser.java:5147)
    at org.h2.command.Parser.parseCreate(Parser.java:3800)
    at org.h2.command.Parser.parsePrepared(Parser.java:324)
    at org.h2.command.Parser.parse(Parser.java:279)
    at org.h2.command.Parser.parse(Parser.java:251)
    at org.h2.command.Parser.prepareCommand(Parser.java:217)
    at org.h2.engine.Session.prepareLocal(Session.java:415)
    at org.h2.engine.Session.prepareCommand(Session.java:364)
    at org.h2.jdbc.JdbcConnection.prepareCommand(JdbcConnection.java:1119)
    at org.h2.jdbc.JdbcStatement.executeInternal(JdbcStatement.java:164)
    at org.h2.jdbc.JdbcStatement.execute(JdbcStatement.java:152)
    at com.googlecode.flyway.core.dbsupport.JdbcTemplate.executeStatement(JdbcTemplate.java:296)
    at com.googlecode.flyway.core.dbsupport.SqlStatement.execute(SqlStatement.java:76)
    ... 71 more

因此，似乎在第一个配置中，Flyway 能够在 medical_claims_tracker 模式中创建 schema_version 表，但无法找到该模式来运行测试，而在第二个版本中，它甚至找不到在其中创建 schema_version 表的“默认”模式。这是正确的，还是我弄错了？

【问题讨论】：

解决此问题的方法是在单元测试期间停止调用 Flyway。如果我可以让 Hibernate 从域对象上的 JPA 注释自动生成 H2 中的模式，那么不测试我的迁移将是一种耻辱，但可以接受。问题是我对 Spring 比较陌生，不知道如何在我的主 applicationConfig.xml 中用测试配置中的“关闭 Flyway”来“覆盖”bean 定义。 【参考方案1】：

问题是语句中的标识符public是小写的和引用：

CREATE TABLE "public"...(...)

它应该是不加引号的：

CREATE TABLE public...(...)

或大写：

CREATE TABLE "PUBLIC"...(...)

H2在数据库元数据中返回小写“public”的原因是数据库URL（;MODE=MySQL）使用了MySQL模式。所以不使用MySQL模式可能会解决问题。

【讨论】：

Flyway 使用 H2 为当前模式返回的任何值。我猜 H2 应该可能返回 PUBLIC 而不是 public 呢？好的，我明白了。 H2 返回小写“public”，因为模式是 MySQL。我更新了答案。【参考方案2】：

init 脚本中的模式名称应该用引号引起来，或者传递给 Flyway 的模式名称大写。

【讨论】：

啊啊啊！！是这样吗？谢谢！有用。我在应用程序配置中更改了以下行：<property name="schemas" value="MEDICAL_CLAIMS_TRACKER"/>【参考方案3】：

根据我的测试，整个问题仅在将 flyway 和 H2 与 MySql 兼容模式混合时发生（如果 MySql 模式是，则不会发生）。它是由区分大小写不一致引起的：

h2 在初始化期间创建默认架构“PUBLIC”（大写！）当 flyway 尝试获取默认模式名称时，它会变为“public”（小写！）当 flyway 尝试将当前架构更改为“公共”（小写！）时会抛出错误。即使将 flyway 模式设置为“MYSCHEMA”，在迁移过程的某个时刻，它总是会尝试更改为“public”。

在我目前开发的应用程序中，我们使用 MySql 作为主数据库并使用 H2 进行测试。我的解决方法涉及在 h2 初始化期间创建“公共”（小写！）架构：

spring数据源配置：

<bean id="dataSource" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource" >
 <property name="driverClassName" value="org.h2.Driver"/>
 <property name="url" value="jdbc:h2:mem:MY_APP;MODE=MySQL;DB_CLOSE_ON_EXIT=FALSE;DB_CLOSE_DELAY=-1;INIT=RUNSCRIPT FROM 'classpath:db/migration/test/init_tests.sql';"/>
 <property name="username" value="sa"/>
 <property name="password" value=""/>
</bean>

init_tests.sql：

CREATE SCHEMA IF NOT EXISTS "public";

不是很漂亮，但很有效-希望对您有所帮助！

【讨论】：

查看 flyway 代码，它似乎试图在迁移完成后将架构设置回旧名称（'public'）。感谢您的解决方法，完美运行。 Flyway 应该添加一个选项以在迁移后不更改回旧架构，然后就不需要解决方法了。【参考方案4】：

来自http://www.h2database.com/javadoc/org/h2/engine/DbSettings.html：

databaseToUpper: 数据库设置 DATABASE_TO_UPPER（默认值：true）。

数据库短名称转换为大写用于 DATABASE() 功能 ... 将此设置为“false”是实验性的。当设置为 false 时，所有标识符名称（表名、列名）区分大小写...

问题在于默认情况下模式名称是大写的。

解决方案：

将;DATABASE_TO_UPPER=false 添加到数据库网址

【讨论】：

【参考方案5】：

虽然我没有使用 Spring，但我也遇到了类似的问题。我正在使用 jOOQ + Flyway + PostgreSQL 在现有设置之上添加 H2 内存数据库以进行测试。

对我来说，解决方案是改变的组合：

;DATABASE_TO_UPPER=false

CREATE SCHEMA IF NOT EXISTS public;

SET SCHEMA public;

请注意，我无法将 ;SCHEMA=public 添加到初始化 URL，因为这会在创建架构之前引发错误。或者：

;DATABASE_TO_UPPER=false;INIT=CREATE SCHEMA IF NOT EXISTS public;

SET SCHEMA public;

【讨论】：

在相同的设置下遇到了同样的问题。将;DATABASE_TO_UPPER=false;INIT=CREATE SCHEMA IF NOT EXISTS public 添加到启动 URL 为我解决了所有问题。【参考方案6】：

以防万一你想试试liquibase。

我使用 MySQL 作为我的 prod 环境，使用 h2 作为我的测试环境。

生成 jooq 代码：gradle + liquibase + h2

发现这样可以解决问题：

DefaultConfiguration jooqConfiguration = new DefaultConfiguration();
jooqConfiguration.set(new Settings()
        // make everything to uppercase 
        .withRenderNameStyle(RenderNameStyle.UPPER)
        // mapping oldSchemaName to newSchemaName
        .withRenderMapping(new RenderMapping().withSchemata(
                new MappedSchema()
                        .withInput("input_schema")
                        .withOutput("OUTPUT_SCHEMA"))
        ));

编写配置文件以在春季为 h2 应用此功能。这样 mysql 配置仍然可以。

最新文档在这里jooq-3.9: settings-name-style。

【讨论】：

我已经将此解决方案与 PostgreSQL 一起使用，以解决公共/公共模式差异的问题，并且它工作正常（只是为测试注入了不同的 bean）。

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