Excel VBA SQL UNION SUM 对具有不同列名的表进行 GROUP BY

Posted 2023-03-24

【中文标题】Excel VBA SQL UNION SUM 对具有不同列名的表进行 GROUP BY

【英文标题】：Excel VBA SQL UNION SUM with GROUP BY on Tables with Different Column Names

【发布时间】：2018-08-13 15:46:54

【问题描述】：

我有两张表，列名不同，如下：

餐桌顺序： 到期日、付款、汇率

表格发票： 日期、小计、汇率

我想要以下结果表： 年、月、总计

这两个表在日期 + 月份是 UNIONED ALL，Total 是两个表中所有行的总和。

我的伪 SQL 如下所示：

SELECT YearID, MonthID, SUM(Amount) FROM (

  SELECT YEAR(ORDREC.[Due Date]) as YearID, MONTH(ORDREC.[Due Date]) as MonthID, SUM(ORDREC.[Pay] * ORDREC.[Exchange Rate]) as Amount
  FROM orders-table AS ORDREC
  WHERE ...

UNION ALL

  SELECT YEAR(INV.[Date]) as YearID, MONTH(INV.[Date]) as MonthID, SUM(INV.[Subtotal] * INV.[Exchange Rate]) as Amount
  FROM invoices-table AS INV
  WHERE ...

) x GROUP BY YearID, MonthID

我在 GROUP BY 上失败了，因为使用 ALIASES（错误说不在聚合函数中使用 YEAR(ORDREC.[Due Date])），但我必须使用别名，因为两个表中的列名不同.关于如何在单个 SQL 查询中实现这一点的任何建议？

Windows 10 上的 Excel 2016 提供者=Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0;

【问题讨论】：

您的第二个表不需要别名字段名称 - 联合查询从第一个表中选择所有字段名称。这不会导致错误 - 只是说'。 :)

【参考方案1】：

当您使用聚合函数时，您需要在GROUP BY 子句中添加非聚合列。

您在UNION ALL查询中使用SUM聚合函数，需要在两个查询的GROUP BY子句中添加非聚合列。

SELECT YearID, MonthID, SUM(Amount) FROM (

  SELECT YEAR(ORDREC.[Due Date]) as YearID, MONTH(ORDREC.[Due Date]) as MonthID, SUM(ORDREC.[Pay] * ORDREC.[Exchange Rate]) as Amount
  FROM orders-table AS ORDREC
  WHERE ...
  GROUP BY YEAR(ORDREC.[Due Date]),MONTH(ORDREC.[Due Date])
  UNION ALL

  SELECT YEAR(INV.[Date]) as YearID, MONTH(INV.[Date]) as MonthID, SUM(INV.[Subtotal] * INV.[Exchange Rate]) as Amount
  FROM invoices-table AS INV
  WHERE ...
  GROUP BY YEAR(INV.[Date]),MONTH(INV.[Date])

) x GROUP BY YearID, MonthID

如果我理解正确，你可以使用这个然后做SUM聚合函数，我认为错误会消失。

SELECT YearID, MonthID, SUM(Amount) FROM (
  SELECT YEAR(ORDREC.[Due Date]) as YearID, MONTH(ORDREC.[Due Date]) as MonthID, (ORDREC.[Pay] * ORDREC.[Exchange Rate]) as Amount
  FROM orders-table AS ORDREC
  WHERE ...
  UNION ALL
  SELECT YEAR(INV.[Date]) as YearID, MONTH(INV.[Date]) as MonthID, (INV.[Subtotal] * INV.[Exchange Rate]) as Amount
  FROM invoices-table AS INV
  WHERE ...

) x GROUP BY YearID, MonthID