使用 C# 设置全局热键
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【中文标题】使用 C# 设置全局热键【英文标题】:Set global hotkeys using C# 【发布时间】:2011-01-27 20:48:30 【问题描述】:当我的程序不在焦点时,我需要捕捉按键。 (即Ctrl+Alt+J)并在我的程序中触发一个事件。
到目前为止,我发现这个 dll 似乎是正确的路径"
[DllImport("user32.dll")]private static extern int RegisterHotKey(IntPtr hwnd, int id,int fsModifiers, int vk);
[DllImport("user32.dll")] private static extern int UnregisterHotKey(IntPtr hwnd, int id);
【问题讨论】:
查看pinvoke.net上的示例代码;) 见***.com/questions/81150/… 您可以查看我的帖子以获得 WPF 解决方案... [在此处输入链接描述][1] [1]:***.com/questions/48935/… @Crash893 我知道这是一个老问题,感谢您更新答案,但请注意,如果您弄清楚了,您实际上可以发布自己问题的答案,而不是嵌入答案问题里面。干杯 【参考方案1】:请注意,此代码不会触发控制台应用程序项目中的事件。您必须使用 WinForms 项目才能触发事件。
这是正确的代码:
public sealed class KeyboardHook : IDisposable
// Registers a hot key with Windows.
[DllImport("user32.dll")]
private static extern bool RegisterHotKey(IntPtr hWnd, int id, uint fsModifiers, uint vk);
// Unregisters the hot key with Windows.
[DllImport("user32.dll")]
private static extern bool UnregisterHotKey(IntPtr hWnd, int id);
/// <summary>
/// Represents the window that is used internally to get the messages.
/// </summary>
private class Window : NativeWindow, IDisposable
private static int WM_HOTKEY = 0x0312;
public Window()
// create the handle for the window.
this.CreateHandle(new CreateParams());
/// <summary>
/// Overridden to get the notifications.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="m"></param>
protected override void WndProc(ref Message m)
base.WndProc(ref m);
// check if we got a hot key pressed.
if (m.Msg == WM_HOTKEY)
// get the keys.
Keys key = (Keys)(((int)m.LParam >> 16) & 0xFFFF);
ModifierKeys modifier = (ModifierKeys)((int)m.LParam & 0xFFFF);
// invoke the event to notify the parent.
if (KeyPressed != null)
KeyPressed(this, new KeyPressedEventArgs(modifier, key));
public event EventHandler<KeyPressedEventArgs> KeyPressed;
#region IDisposable Members
public void Dispose()
this.DestroyHandle();
#endregion
private Window _window = new Window();
private int _currentId;
public KeyboardHook()
// register the event of the inner native window.
_window.KeyPressed += delegate(object sender, KeyPressedEventArgs args)
if (KeyPressed != null)
KeyPressed(this, args);
;
/// <summary>
/// Registers a hot key in the system.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="modifier">The modifiers that are associated with the hot key.</param>
/// <param name="key">The key itself that is associated with the hot key.</param>
public void RegisterHotKey(ModifierKeys modifier, Keys key)
// increment the counter.
_currentId = _currentId + 1;
// register the hot key.
if (!RegisterHotKey(_window.Handle, _currentId, (uint)modifier, (uint)key))
throw new InvalidOperationException("Couldn’t register the hot key.");
/// <summary>
/// A hot key has been pressed.
/// </summary>
public event EventHandler<KeyPressedEventArgs> KeyPressed;
#region IDisposable Members
public void Dispose()
// unregister all the registered hot keys.
for (int i = _currentId; i > 0; i--)
UnregisterHotKey(_window.Handle, i);
// dispose the inner native window.
_window.Dispose();
#endregion
/// <summary>
/// Event Args for the event that is fired after the hot key has been pressed.
/// </summary>
public class KeyPressedEventArgs : EventArgs
private ModifierKeys _modifier;
private Keys _key;
internal KeyPressedEventArgs(ModifierKeys modifier, Keys key)
_modifier = modifier;
_key = key;
public ModifierKeys Modifier
get return _modifier;
public Keys Key
get return _key;
/// <summary>
/// The enumeration of possible modifiers.
/// </summary>
[Flags]
public enum ModifierKeys : uint
Alt = 1,
Control = 2,
Shift = 4,
Win = 8
使用(我必须编辑修饰键来投射它们(修饰符)1(修饰符)2等
public partial class Form1 : Form
KeyboardHook hook = new KeyboardHook();
public Form1()
InitializeComponent();
// register the event that is fired after the key press.
hook.KeyPressed +=
new EventHandler<KeyPressedEventArgs>(hook_KeyPressed);
// register the control + alt + F12 combination as hot key.
hook.RegisterHotKey(ModifierKeys.Control | ModifierKeys.Alt,
Keys.F12);
void hook_KeyPressed(object sender, KeyPressedEventArgs e)
// show the keys pressed in a label.
label1.Text = e.Modifier.ToString() + " + " + e.Key.ToString();
【讨论】:
如果我不想要任何修饰键,我应该放什么?RegisterHotKey()
强制你输入一些东西。
@DanW 我认为枚举有ModifierKeys.None
@DanW 将None = 0
添加到public enum ModifierKeys
声明中,看看是否可行。
公平点,但在极少数情况下,全局使用功能键或键盘可能会很有用。顺便说一句,您的 Add None = 0
建议崩溃了。
在另一个问题上,我似乎无法正确Dispose()
。一旦我用RegisterHotKey()
重新创建了热键,热键就无法使用。在处理的时候,我什至还尝试了hook.KeyPressed -= new EventHandler<KeyPressedEventArgs>(myFunc);
,但没有成功。我还尝试更改hook.Dispose();
和hook.KeyPressed -= ......
的顺序,但没有成功。也许您可以更新您的代码以帮助取消注册。【参考方案2】:
我从 AaronLS 那里得到了答案,并为简单的单行注册重写了一点。
注册:
GlobalHotKey.RegisterHotKey("Alt + Shift + S", () => DoSomething());
班级:
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
using System.Windows.Input;
public class GlobalHotKey : IDisposable
/// <summary>
/// Registers a global hotkey
/// </summary>
/// <param name="aKeyGesture">e.g. Alt + Shift + Control + Win + S</param>
/// <param name="aAction">Action to be called when hotkey is pressed</param>
/// <returns>true, if registration succeeded, otherwise false</returns>
public static bool RegisterHotKey(string aKeyGestureString, Action aAction)
var c = new KeyGestureConverter();
KeyGesture aKeyGesture = (KeyGesture)c.ConvertFrom(aKeyGestureString);
return RegisterHotKey(aKeyGesture.Modifiers, aKeyGesture.Key, aAction);
public static bool RegisterHotKey(ModifierKeys aModifier, Key aKey, Action aAction)
if(aModifier == ModifierKeys.None)
throw new ArgumentException("Modifier must not be ModifierKeys.None");
if (aAction is null)
throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(aAction));
System.Windows.Forms.Keys aVirtualKeyCode = (System.Windows.Forms.Keys)KeyInterop.VirtualKeyFromKey(aKey);
currentID = currentID + 1;
bool aRegistered = RegisterHotKey(window.Handle, currentID,
(uint)aModifier | MOD_NOREPEAT,
(uint)aVirtualKeyCode);
if(aRegistered)
registeredHotKeys.Add(new HotKeyWithAction(aModifier, aKey, aAction));
return aRegistered;
public void Dispose()
// unregister all the registered hot keys.
for (int i = currentID; i > 0; i--)
UnregisterHotKey(window.Handle, i);
// dispose the inner native window.
window.Dispose();
static GlobalHotKey()
window.KeyPressed += (s, e) =>
registeredHotKeys.ForEach(x =>
if (e.Modifier == x.Modifier && e.Key == x.Key)
x.Action();
);
;
private static readonly InvisibleWindowForMessages window = new InvisibleWindowForMessages();
private static int currentID;
private static uint MOD_NOREPEAT = 0x4000;
private static List<HotKeyWithAction> registeredHotKeys = new List<HotKeyWithAction>();
private class HotKeyWithAction
public HotKeyWithAction(ModifierKeys modifier, Key key, Action action)
Modifier = modifier;
Key = key;
Action = action;
public ModifierKeys Modifier get;
public Key Key get;
public Action Action get;
// Registers a hot key with Windows.
[DllImport("user32.dll")]
private static extern bool RegisterHotKey(IntPtr hWnd, int id, uint fsModifiers, uint vk);
// Unregisters the hot key with Windows.
[DllImport("user32.dll")]
private static extern bool UnregisterHotKey(IntPtr hWnd, int id);
private class InvisibleWindowForMessages : System.Windows.Forms.NativeWindow, IDisposable
public InvisibleWindowForMessages()
CreateHandle(new System.Windows.Forms.CreateParams());
private static int WM_HOTKEY = 0x0312;
protected override void WndProc(ref System.Windows.Forms.Message m)
base.WndProc(ref m);
if (m.Msg == WM_HOTKEY)
var aWPFKey = KeyInterop.KeyFromVirtualKey(((int)m.LParam >> 16) & 0xFFFF);
ModifierKeys modifier = (ModifierKeys)((int)m.LParam & 0xFFFF);
if (KeyPressed != null)
KeyPressed(this, new HotKeyPressedEventArgs(modifier, aWPFKey));
public class HotKeyPressedEventArgs : EventArgs
private ModifierKeys _modifier;
private Key _key;
internal HotKeyPressedEventArgs(ModifierKeys modifier, Key key)
_modifier = modifier;
_key = key;
public ModifierKeys Modifier
get return _modifier;
public Key Key
get return _key;
public event EventHandler<HotKeyPressedEventArgs> KeyPressed;
#region IDisposable Members
public void Dispose()
this.DestroyHandle();
#endregion
【讨论】:
【参考方案3】:这是original answer 的工作vb.net 端口:
KeyboardHook.vb
Imports System.Runtime.InteropServices
Public NotInheritable Class KeyboardHook
Implements IDisposable
' Registers a hot key with Windows.
<DllImport("user32.dll")> _
Private Shared Function RegisterHotKey(hWnd As IntPtr, id As Integer, fsModifiers As UInteger, vk As UInteger) As Boolean
End Function
' Unregisters the hot key with Windows.
<DllImport("user32.dll")> _
Private Shared Function UnregisterHotKey(hWnd As IntPtr, id As Integer) As Boolean
End Function
''' <summary>
''' Represents the window that is used internally to get the messages.
''' </summary>
Private Class Window
Inherits NativeWindow
Implements IDisposable
Private Shared WM_HOTKEY As Integer = &H312
Public Sub New()
' create the handle for the window.
Me.CreateHandle(New CreateParams())
End Sub
Public Event KeyPressed As EventHandler(Of KeyPressedEventArgs)
''' <summary>
''' Overridden to get the notifications.
''' </summary>
''' <param name="m"></param>
Protected Overrides Sub WndProc(ByRef m As Message)
MyBase.WndProc(m)
' check if we got a hot key pressed.
If m.Msg = WM_HOTKEY Then
' get the keys.
Dim key As Keys = DirectCast((CInt(m.LParam) >> 16) And &HFFFF, Keys)
Dim modifier As ModifierKeys = DirectCast(CUInt(CInt(m.LParam) And &HFFFF), ModifierKeys)
' invoke the event to notify the parent.
RaiseEvent KeyPressed(Me, New KeyPressedEventArgs(modifier, key))
End If
End Sub
#Region " IDisposable Members"
Public Sub Dispose() Implements IDisposable.Dispose
Me.DestroyHandle()
End Sub
#End Region
End Class
Private _window As New Window()
Private _currentId As Integer
Public Sub New()
' register the event of the inner native window.
AddHandler _window.KeyPressed, Sub(sender As Object, args As KeyPressedEventArgs)
RaiseEvent KeyPressed(Me, args)
End Sub
End Sub
''' <summary>
''' Registers a hot key in the system.
''' </summary>
''' <param name="modifier">The modifiers that are associated with the hot key.</param>
''' <param name="key">The key itself that is associated with the hot key.</param>
Public Sub RegisterHotKey(modifier As ModifierKeys, key As Keys)
' increment the counter.
_currentId = _currentId + 1
' register the hot key.
If Not RegisterHotKey(_window.Handle, _currentId, DirectCast(modifier, UInteger), CUInt(key)) Then
'Throw New InvalidOperationException("Couldn’t register the hot key.")
'or use MsgBox("Couldn’t register the hot key.")
End If
End Sub
''' <summary>
''' A hot key has been pressed.
''' </summary>
Public Event KeyPressed As EventHandler(Of KeyPressedEventArgs)
#Region " IDisposable Members"
Public Sub Dispose() Implements IDisposable.Dispose
' unregister all the registered hot keys.
Dim i As Integer = _currentId
While i > 0
UnregisterHotKey(_window.Handle, i)
System.Math.Max(System.Threading.Interlocked.Decrement(i), i + 1)
End While
' dispose the inner native window.
_window.Dispose()
End Sub
#End Region
End Class
''' <summary>
''' Event Args for the event that is fired after the hot key has been pressed.
''' </summary>
Public Class KeyPressedEventArgs
Inherits EventArgs
Private _modifier As ModifierKeys
Private _key As Keys
Friend Sub New(modifier As ModifierKeys, key As Keys)
_modifier = modifier
_key = key
End Sub
Public ReadOnly Property Modifier() As ModifierKeys
Get
Return _modifier
End Get
End Property
Public ReadOnly Property Key() As Keys
Get
Return _key
End Get
End Property
End Class
''' <summary>
''' The enumeration of possible modifiers.
''' </summary>
<Flags> _
Public Enum ModifierKeys As UInteger
Alt = 1
Control = 2
Shift = 4
Win = 8
End Enum
Form1.vb
任务:
-
将下面的 2 个
Application1
实例替换为您的应用程序名称(在 Visual Studio Solution Explorer 窗口中可以将其视为树的根)。
将对AddGlobalHotkeySupport()
的调用添加到应用程序的初始化阶段。
将对RemoveGlobalHotkeySupport()
的调用添加到您的应用程序的完成阶段。
代码:
Public Sub AddGlobalHotkeySupport() 'TODO: call this at initialization of the application
' register the event that is fired after the key press.
AddHandler hook.KeyPressed, AddressOf hook_KeyPressed
' register the control + alt + F12 combination as hot key.
hook.RegisterHotKey(Application1.ModifierKeys.Control Or Application1.ModifierKeys.Alt, Keys.F12)
End Sub
Public Sub RemoveGlobalHotkeySupport() 'TODO: call this at finalization of the application
' unregister all registered hot keys.
hook.Dispose()
End Sub
Private Sub hook_KeyPressed(sender As Object, e As KeyPressedEventArgs)
' show the keys pressed in a label.
MsgBox(e.Modifier.ToString() + " + " + e.Key.ToString())
End Sub
【讨论】:
类名不应该是键盘钩子,因为这不是键盘钩子。这是一个注册热键并监听 WM_HOTKEY 消息的类。 @MichaelZ。 - 一个很好的收获。 OTOH,这只是来自the other answer 的代码端口,所以也许您最好在此处附上您的评论。以上是关于使用 C# 设置全局热键的主要内容,如果未能解决你的问题,请参考以下文章