python中针对数据集错误的决策树实现
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【中文标题】python中针对数据集错误的决策树实现【英文标题】:Decision tree implementation in python for dataset error 【发布时间】:2018-04-21 07:31:17 【问题描述】:我已经为python决策树算法的实现做了如下代码:
from csv import reader
def load_csv(filename):
file = open(filename, "rb")
lines = reader(file)
dataset = list(lines)
return dataset
# Split a dataset based on an attribute and an attribute value
def test_split(index, value, dataset):
left, right = list(), list()
for row in dataset:
if row[index] < value:
left.append(row)
else:
right.append(row)
return left, right
# Calculate the Gini index for a split dataset
def gini_index(groups, classes):
# count all samples at split point
n_instances = float(sum([len(group) for group in groups]))
# sum weighted Gini index for each group
gini = 0.0
for group in groups:
size = float(len(group))
# avoid divide by zero
if size == 0:
continue
score = 0.0
# score the group based on the score for each class
for class_val in classes:
p = [row[-1] for row in group].count(class_val) / size
score += p * p
# weight the group score by its relative size
gini += (1.0 - score) * (size / n_instances)
return gini
# Select the best split point for a dataset
def get_split(dataset):
class_values = list(set(row[-1] for row in dataset))
b_index, b_value, b_score, b_groups = 999, 999, 999, None
for index in range(len(dataset[0])-1):
for row in dataset:
groups = test_split(index, row[index], dataset)
gini = gini_index(groups, class_values)
if gini < b_score:
b_index, b_value, b_score, b_groups = index, row[index], gini, groups
return 'index':b_index, 'value':b_value, 'groups':b_groups
# Create a terminal node value
def to_terminal(group):
outcomes = [row[-1] for row in group]
return max(set(outcomes), key=outcomes.count)
# Create child splits for a node or make terminal
def split(node, max_depth, min_size, depth):
left, right = node['groups']
del(node['groups'])
# check for a no split
if not left or not right:
node['left'] = node['right'] = to_terminal(left + right)
return
# check for max depth
if depth >= max_depth:
node['left'], node['right'] = to_terminal(left), to_terminal(right)
return
# process left child
if len(left) <= min_size:
node['left'] = to_terminal(left)
else:
node['left'] = get_split(left)
split(node['left'], max_depth, min_size, depth+1)
# process right child
if len(right) <= min_size:
node['right'] = to_terminal(right)
else:
node['right'] = get_split(right)
split(node['right'], max_depth, min_size, depth+1)
# Build a decision tree
def build_tree(train, max_depth, min_size):
root = get_split(train)
split(root, max_depth, min_size, 1)
return root
# Print a decision tree
def print_tree(node, depth=0):
if isinstance(node, dict):
print('%s[X%d < %.3f]' % ((depth*' ', (node['index']+1), node['value'])))
print_tree(node['left'], depth+1)
print_tree(node['right'], depth+1)
else:
print('%s[%s]' % ((depth*' ', node)))
# load and prepare data
filename = 'spine.csv'
dataset = load_csv(filename)
tree = build_tree(dataset, 1, 1)
print_tree(tree)
数据集共包含13个与脊柱相关的属性,通过数据挖掘算法来判断一个人的脊柱是正常还是异常
对于下面给出的数据集spine.csv链接:
https://drive.google.com/file/d/1wubSDVMD2uhJXYJNNbCBHW5Gerp-YDlx/view?usp=sharing
它显示以下错误:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "spine.py", line 101, in <module>
print_tree(tree)
File "spine.py", line 90, in print_tree
print('%s[X%d < %.3f]' % ((depth*' ', (node['index']+1), node['value'])))
TypeError: float argument required, not str
【问题讨论】:
【参考方案1】:node['value']
是一个刺,而不是一个浮点数。
尝试在格式字符串中使用%s
。
【讨论】:
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