无法加载驱动程序类:在 Spring Boot 应用程序中的 org.h2.Driver
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【中文标题】无法加载驱动程序类:在 Spring Boot 应用程序中的 org.h2.Driver【英文标题】:Cannot load driver class: org.h2.Driver in spring boot application 【发布时间】:2019-06-11 07:28:27 【问题描述】:我正在尝试通过创建一个虚拟项目来学习微服务。 我在 git 中有一个配置存储库和一个在端口 8888 上运行的配置服务器。它工作正常,因为我可以看到我的设置如下:
现在我有两个微服务项目 1) 客户服务和 2) 客户帐户服务。客户微服务正常运行,而客户账户微服务无法启动并抛出以下异常:
*Caused by: org.springframework.beans.BeanInstantiationException: Failed to instantiate [com.zaxxer.hikari.HikariDataSource]: Factory method 'dataSource' threw exception; nested exception is java.lang.IllegalStateException: Cannot load driver class: org.h2.Driver
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.SimpleInstantiationStrategy.instantiate(SimpleInstantiationStrategy.java:185) ~[spring-beans-5.0.11.RELEASE.jar:5.0.11.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.ConstructorResolver.instantiateUsingFactoryMethod(ConstructorResolver.java:583) ~[spring-beans-5.0.11.RELEASE.jar:5.0.11.RELEASE]
... 66 common frames omitted
Caused by: java.lang.IllegalStateException: Cannot load driver class: org.h2.Driver
at org.springframework.util.Assert.state(Assert.java:94) ~[spring-core-5.0.11.RELEASE.jar:5.0.11.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jdbc.DataSourceProperties.determineDriverClassName(DataSourceProperties.java:224) ~[spring-boot-autoconfigure-2.0.7.RELEASE.jar:2.0.7.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jdbc.DataSourceProperties.initializeDataSourceBuilder(DataSourceProperties.java:176) ~[spring-boot-autoconfigure-2.0.7.RELEASE.jar:2.0.7.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jdbc.DataSourceConfiguration.createDataSource(DataSourceConfiguration.java:43) ~[spring-boot-autoconfigure-2.0.7.RELEASE.jar:2.0.7.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jdbc.DataSourceConfiguration$Hikari.dataSource(DataSourceConfiguration.java:83) ~[spring-boot-autoconfigure-2.0.7.RELEASE.jar:2.0.7.RELEASE]
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method) ~[na:1.8.0_144]
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62) ~[na:1.8.0_144]
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43) ~[na:1.8.0_144]
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498) ~[na:1.8.0_144]
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.SimpleInstantiationStrategy.instantiate(SimpleInstantiationStrategy.java:154) ~[spring-beans-5.0.11.RELEASE.jar:5.0.11.RELEASE]
... 67 common frames omitted*
customer-account-microservice 的 bootstrap.properties 配置如下:
customer-account-microservice 的 pom.xml 配置如下:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<parent>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
<version>2.0.7.RELEASE</version>
<relativePath /> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
</parent>
<groupId>com.microservice</groupId>
<artifactId>customer-account-microservice</artifactId>
<version>1</version>
<name>customer-account-microservice</name>
<description>Spring starter project for demonstrating spring feign client and circuit breaker</description>
<properties>
<java.version>1.8</java.version>
<spring-cloud-services.version>2.0.3.RELEASE</spring-cloud-services.version>
<spring-cloud.version>Finchley.SR2</spring-cloud.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-hystrix</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-hystrix-dashboard</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jpa</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>io.springfox</groupId>
<artifactId>springfox-swagger2</artifactId>
<version>2.7.0</version>
<scope>compile</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>io.springfox</groupId>
<artifactId>springfox-swagger-ui</artifactId>
<version>2.7.0</version>
<scope>compile</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>io.pivotal.spring.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-services-starter-circuit-breaker</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-config</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-openfeign</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
<scope>runtime</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
<artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
<optional>true</optional>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<dependencyManagement>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
<version>$spring-cloud.version</version>
<type>pom</type>
<scope>import</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.h2database</groupId>
<artifactId>h2</artifactId>
<scope>runtime</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>io.pivotal.spring.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-services-dependencies</artifactId>
<version>$spring-cloud-services.version</version>
<type>pom</type>
<scope>import</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</dependencyManagement>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>
请帮助我解决上述异常。
【问题讨论】:
请问为什么 h2 依赖是dependencyManagement
块的一部分而不是依赖块?
@sn42 复制粘贴错误,在将 h2 依赖项移动到依赖项块下后,代码工作。非常感谢您指出此错误。
【参考方案1】:
看来你的依赖
<dependency>
<groupId>com.h2database</groupId>
<artifactId>h2</artifactId>
<scope>runtime</scope>
</dependency>
必须在dependencies
元素中,而不是在dependencyManagement
中。看看this。或者你有一个子工件,在这种情况下你必须共享另一个 pom xml。
【讨论】:
【参考方案2】:我将其更改为“编译”,它解决了我的问题。
<dependency>
<groupId>com.h2database</groupId>
<artifactId>h2</artifactId>
<version>1.4.200</version>
<scope>compile</scope>
</dependency>
【讨论】:
【参考方案3】:我希望你已经添加了依赖,现在在你的 application.properties 中添加 spring.datasource.platform=h2
对我有用
【讨论】:
【参考方案4】:即使在 pom.xml
中使用了正确的依赖项后,我在 IDEA IntellJ 中也遇到了同样的问题。它归结为无法下载 h2
依赖项的 IDE 特定问题。重启IDE后就可以了。
【讨论】:
谢谢Ashish,重启解决了问题 很遗憾,但事实是,ItelliJ 正变得越来越成为 Eclipse-next-gen。右键项目->maven->重新加载项目似乎也有帮助【参考方案5】:我评论了 spring.datasource.driverClassName=org.h2.Driver,这对我来说就像一个魅力
【讨论】:
【参考方案6】:在我的情况下,问题是由 application.properties 中驱动程序类名后面的一些尾随空白字符引起的
这会失败(下面的代码 sn-p 中的点应该被读取为空白字符):
spring.datasource.driverClassName=org.h2.Driver...
这成功了:
spring.datasource.driverClassName=org.h2.Driver
【讨论】:
【参考方案7】:在我的情况下,我在“驱动程序”之后有一个空格
spring.datasource.driverClassName=org.h2.Driver...
我删除了它,它工作得很好
【讨论】:
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