使用 AWS Elastic Beanstalk 部署 Django 应用程序时出现 502 Bad Gateway nginx/1.20.0 错误
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【中文标题】使用 AWS Elastic Beanstalk 部署 Django 应用程序时出现 502 Bad Gateway nginx/1.20.0 错误【英文标题】：502 Bad Gateway nginx/1.20.0 Error when Deploying Django app using AWS Elastic Beanstalk 【发布时间】：2021-10-02 19:08:25 【问题描述】：我一直在密切关注 how to deploy Django apps using Elastic Beanstalk 上的 AWS 文档，直到在打开我的应用程序时收到 502 Bad Gateway nginx/1.20.0 错误。从那里，我遵循了遇到类似问题的用户提供的几个解决方案。具体来说，我added a Procfile 并着手编辑我的django.config 文件的设置方式。但是，错误仍然存在，我想要一些有关如何解决此问题的指导。以下是相关的日志和文件：
eb-engine.log
django.config
option_settings:
aws:elasticbeanstalk:container:python:
WSGIPath: djangoproject.wsgi:application
过程文件
web: gunicorn --bind :8000 --workers 3 --threads 2 djangoproject.wsgi:application
settings.py
"""
Django settings for djangoproject project.
Generated by 'django-admin startproject' using Django 3.1.7.
For more information on this file, see
https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/3.1/topics/settings/
For the full list of settings and their values, see
https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/3.1/ref/settings/
"""
import os
from pathlib import Path
# Build paths inside the project like this: BASE_DIR / 'subdir'.
BASE_DIR = Path(__file__).resolve().parent.parent.parent
# Quick-start development settings - unsuitable for production
# See https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/3.1/howto/deployment/checklist/
# SECURITY WARNING: keep the secret key used in production secret!
SECRET_KEY = 'thesecuritykey'
# SECURITY WARNING: don't run with debug turned on in production!
DEBUG = True
ALLOWED_HOSTS = ['localhost','127.0.0.1','djangoproject.eba-fuipjhfa.us-west-2.elasticbeanstalk.com']
# Application definition
INSTALLED_APPS = [
'django.contrib.admin',
'django.contrib.auth',
'django.contrib.contenttypes',
'django.contrib.sessions',
'django.contrib.messages',
'django.contrib.staticfiles',
'store.apps.StoreConfig',
'basket.apps.BasketConfig',
'account.apps.AccountConfig',
'orders.apps.OrdersConfig',
'checkout.apps.CheckoutConfig',
'mptt',
]
MIDDLEWARE = [
'django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware',
'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware',
'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware',
'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware',
'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware',
'django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware',
'django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware',
]
ROOT_URLCONF = 'djangoproject.urls'
TEMPLATES = [
'BACKEND': 'django.template.backends.django.DjangoTemplates',
'DIRS': [BASE_DIR / 'templates'],
'APP_DIRS': True,
'OPTIONS':
'context_processors': [
'django.template.context_processors.debug',
'django.template.context_processors.request',
'django.contrib.auth.context_processors.auth',
'django.contrib.messages.context_processors.messages',
'store.context_processors.categories',
'basket.context_processor.basket'
],
,
,
]
WSGI_APPLICATION = 'djangoproject.wsgi.application'
# Database
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/3.1/ref/settings/#databases
DATABASES =
'default':
'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.sqlite3',
'NAME': BASE_DIR / 'db.sqlite3',
# Password validation
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/3.1/ref/settings/#auth-password-validators
AUTH_PASSWORD_VALIDATORS = [
'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.UserAttributeSimilarityValidator',
,
'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.MinimumLengthValidator',
,
'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.CommonPasswordValidator',
,
'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.NumericPasswordValidator',
,
]
# Internationalization
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/3.1/topics/i18n/
LANGUAGE_CODE = 'en-us'
TIME_ZONE = 'UTC'
USE_I18N = True
USE_L10N = True
USE_TZ = True
# Static files (CSS, javascript, Images)
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/3.1/howto/static-files/
STATIC_URL = '/static/'
STATICFILES_DIRS = [
os.path.join(BASE_DIR, "static")
]
MEDIA_URL = '/media/'
MEDIA_ROOT = os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'media/')
requirements.txt
nginx 错误日志
2021/07/26 03:24:55 [error] 6904#6904: *119 connect() failed (111: Connection refused) while connecting to upstream, client: 172.31.15.153, server: , request: "GET / HTTP/1.1", upstream: "http://127.0.0.1:8000/", host: "52.38.207.124"
2021/07/26 03:42:04 [error] 6904#6904: *367 connect() failed (111: Connection refused) while connecting to upstream, client: 172.31.15.153, server: , request: "GET / HTTP/1.1", upstream: "http://127.0.0.1:8000/", host: "52.38.207.124"
2021/07/26 03:51:27 [error] 6904#6904: *503 connect() failed (111: Connection refused) while connecting to upstream, client: 172.31.45.215, server: , request: "GET / HTTP/1.1", upstream: "http://127.0.0.1:8000/", host: "44.237.64.108"
2021/07/26 03:53:58 [error] 6904#6904: *537 connect() failed (111: Connection refused) while connecting to upstream, client: 172.31.45.215, server: , request: "GET / HTTP/1.1", upstream: "http://127.0.0.1:8000/", host: "44.237.64.108"
2021/07/26 04:00:42 [error] 6904#6904: *633 connect() failed (111: Connection refused) while connecting to upstream, client: 172.31.15.153, server: , request: "GET / HTTP/1.1", upstream: "http://127.0.0.1:8000/", host: "52.38.207.124"
2021/07/26 04:07:37 [error] 6904#6904: *728 connect() failed (111: Connection refused) while connecting to upstream, client: 172.31.15.153, server: , request: "GET / HTTP/1.1", upstream: "http://127.0.0.1:8000/", host: "52.38.207.124"
2021/07/26 04:08:32 [error] 6904#6904: *728 connect() failed (111: Connection refused) while connecting to upstream, client: 172.31.15.153, server: , request: "GET /.env HTTP/1.1", upstream: "http://127.0.0.1:8000/.env", host: "52.38.207.124"
2021/07/26 04:08:32 [error] 6904#6904: *728 connect() failed (111: Connection refused) while connecting to upstream, client: 172.31.15.153, server: , request: "POST / HTTP/1.1", upstream: "http://127.0.0.1:8000/", host: "52.38.207.124"
2021/07/26 04:35:42 [error] 6904#6904: *1140 connect() failed (111: Connection refused) while connecting to upstream, client: 172.31.15.153, server: , request: "GET /config/getuser?index=0 HTTP/1.1", upstream: "http://127.0.0.1:8000/config/getuser?index=0", host: "52.38.207.124"
2021/07/26 04:38:14 [error] 6904#6904: *1179 connect() failed (111: Connection refused) while connecting to upstream, client: 172.31.45.215, server: , request: "GET / HTTP/1.1", upstream: "http://127.0.0.1:8000/", host: "44.237.64.108"
2021/07/26 04:50:45 [error] 6904#6904: *1360 connect() failed (111: Connection refused) while connecting to upstream, client: 172.31.15.153, server: , request: "GET / HTTP/1.1", upstream: "http://127.0.0.1:8000/", host: "52.38.207.124"
2021/07/26 04:56:51 [error] 6904#6904: *1449 connect() failed (111: Connection refused) while connecting to upstream, client: 172.31.15.153, server: , request: "GET / HTTP/1.1", upstream: "http://127.0.0.1:8000/", host: "52.38.207.124"
2021/07/26 04:56:51 [error] 6904#6904: *1449 connect() failed (111: Connection refused) while connecting to upstream, client: 172.31.15.153, server: , request: "GET /.DS_Store HTTP/1.1", upstream: "http://127.0.0.1:8000/.DS_Store", host: "52.38.207.124"
2021/07/26 04:56:52 [error] 6904#6904: *1449 connect() failed (111: Connection refused) while connecting to upstream, client: 172.31.15.153, server: , request: "GET /nginx.conf HTTP/1.1", upstream: "http://127.0.0.1:8000/nginx.conf", host: "52.38.207.124"
2021/07/26 04:56:52 [error] 6904#6904: *1449 connect() failed (111: Connection refused) while connecting to upstream, client: 172.31.15.153, server: , request: "GET /status HTTP/1.1", upstream: "http://127.0.0.1:8000/status", host: "52.38.207.124"
2021/07/26 04:56:52 [error] 6904#6904: *1449 connect() failed (111: Connection refused) while connecting to upstream, client: 172.31.15.153, server: , request: "GET /status%3E%3Cscript%3Ealert(31337)%3C%2Fscript%3E HTTP/1.1", upstream: "http://127.0.0.1:8000/status%3E%3Cscript%3Ealert(31337)%3C%2Fscript%3E", host: "52.38.207.124"
2021/07/26 04:56:53 [error] 6904#6904: *1449 connect() failed (111: Connection refused) while connecting to upstream, client: 172.31.15.153, server: , request: "GET /v2/_catalog HTTP/1.1", upstream: "http://127.0.0.1:8000/v2/_catalog", host: "52.38.207.124"
2021/07/26 04:56:53 [error] 6904#6904: *1449 connect() failed (111: Connection refused) while connecting to upstream, client: 172.31.15.153, server: , request: "GET /server-status HTTP/1.1", upstream: "http://127.0.0.1:8000/server-status", host: "52.38.207.124"
2021/07/26 04:56:53 [error] 6904#6904: *1449 connect() failed (111: Connection refused) while connecting to upstream, client: 172.31.15.153, server: , request: "GET /.env HTTP/1.1", upstream: "http://127.0.0.1:8000/.env", host: "52.38.207.124"
2021/07/26 04:56:54 [error] 6904#6904: *1449 connect() failed (111: Connection refused) while connecting to upstream, client: 172.31.15.153, server: , request: "GET /.git/config HTTP/1.1", upstream: "http://127.0.0.1:8000/.git/config", host: "52.38.207.124"
2021/07/26 04:56:54 [error] 6904#6904: *1449 connect() failed (111: Connection refused) while connecting to upstream, client: 172.31.15.153, server: , request: "GET /idx_config/ HTTP/1.1", upstream: "http://127.0.0.1:8000/idx_config/", host: "52.38.207.124"
2021/07/26 05:00:06 [error] 6904#6904: *1508 connect() failed (111: Connection refused) while connecting to upstream, client: 172.31.45.215, server: , request: "GET / HTTP/1.1", upstream: "http://127.0.0.1:8000/", host: "44.237.64.108"
2021/07/26 05:01:21 [error] 6904#6904: *1539 connect() failed (111: Connection refused) while connecting to upstream, client: 172.31.45.215, server: , request: "GET /config/getuser?index=0 HTTP/1.1", upstream: "http://127.0.0.1:8000/config/getuser?index=0", host: "44.237.64.108"
2021/07/26 05:11:53 [error] 6904#6904: *1679 connect() failed (111: Connection refused) while connecting to upstream, client: 172.31.15.153, server: , request: "GET / HTTP/1.1", upstream: "http://127.0.0.1:8000/", host: "52.38.207.124"
2021/07/26 05:12:31 [error] 6904#6904: *1701 connect() failed (111: Connection refused) while connecting to upstream, client: 172.31.45.215, server: , request: "GET / HTTP/1.1", upstream: "http://127.0.0.1:8000/", host: "44.237.64.108"
2021/07/26 05:13:59 [error] 6904#6904: *1722 connect() failed (111: Connection refused) while connecting to upstream, client: 172.31.45.215, server: , request: "GET / HTTP/1.1", upstream: "http://127.0.0.1:8000/", host: "djangoproject.eba-fuipjhfa.us-west-2.elasticbeanstalk.com"
2021/07/26 05:14:00 [error] 6904#6904: *1722 connect() failed (111: Connection refused) while connecting to upstream, client: 172.31.45.215, server: , request: "GET /favicon.ico HTTP/1.1", upstream: "http://127.0.0.1:8000/favicon.ico", host: "djangoproject.eba-fuipjhfa.us-west-2.elasticbeanstalk.com", referrer: "http://djangoproject.eba-fuipjhfa.us-west-2.elasticbeanstalk.com/"
2021/07/26 05:18:06 [error] 6904#6904: *1792 connect() failed (111: Connection refused) while connecting to upstream, client: 172.31.45.215, server: , request: "POST /vendor/phpunit/phpunit/src/Util/PHP/eval-stdin.php HTTP/1.1", upstream: "http://127.0.0.1:8000/vendor/phpunit/phpunit/src/Util/PHP/eval-stdin.php", host: "44.237.64.108"
2021/07/26 05:18:06 [error] 6904#6904: *1792 connect() failed (111: Connection refused) while connecting to upstream, client: 172.31.45.215, server: , request: "GET /vendor/phpunit/phpunit/src/Util/PHP/eval-stdin.php HTTP/1.1", upstream: "http://127.0.0.1:8000/vendor/phpunit/phpunit/src/Util/PHP/eval-stdin.php", host: "44.237.64.108"
2021/07/26 05:18:06 [error] 6904#6904: *1802 connect() failed (111: Connection refused) while connecting to upstream, client: 172.31.45.215, server: , request: "POST /api/jsonws/invoke HTTP/1.1", upstream: "http://127.0.0.1:8000/api/jsonws/invoke", host: "44.237.64.108"
2021/07/26 05:18:07 [error] 6904#6904: *1802 connect() failed (111: Connection refused) while connecting to upstream, client: 172.31.45.215, server: , request: "GET /?a=fetch&content=<php>die(@md5(HelloThinkCMF))</php> HTTP/1.1", upstream: "http://127.0.0.1:8000/?a=fetch&content=<php>die(@md5(HelloThinkCMF))</php>", host: "44.237.64.108"
2021/07/26 05:18:07 [error] 6904#6904: *1802 connect() failed (111: Connection refused) while connecting to upstream, client: 172.31.45.215, server: , request: "GET /solr/admin/info/system?wt=json HTTP/1.1", upstream: "http://127.0.0.1:8000/solr/admin/info/system?wt=json", host: "44.237.64.108"
2021/07/26 05:18:07 [error] 6904#6904: *1802 connect() failed (111: Connection refused) while connecting to upstream, client: 172.31.45.215, server: , request: "GET /index.php?s=/Index/\think\app/invokefunction&function=call_user_func_array&vars[0]=md5&vars[1][]=HelloThinkPHP21 HTTP/1.1", upstream: "http://127.0.0.1:8000/index.php?s=/Index/\think\app/invokefunction&function=call_user_func_array&vars[0]=md5&vars[1][]=HelloThinkPHP21", host: "44.237.64.108"
2021/07/26 05:18:08 [error] 6904#6904: *1802 connect() failed (111: Connection refused) while connecting to upstream, client: 172.31.45.215, server: , request: "GET /?XDEBUG_SESSION_START=phpstorm HTTP/1.1", upstream: "http://127.0.0.1:8000/?XDEBUG_SESSION_START=phpstorm", host: "44.237.64.108"
2021/07/26 05:18:08 [error] 6904#6904: *1802 connect() failed (111: Connection refused) while connecting to upstream, client: 172.31.45.215, server: , request: "GET /wp-content/plugins/wp-file-manager/readme.txt HTTP/1.1", upstream: "http://127.0.0.1:8000/wp-content/plugins/wp-file-manager/readme.txt", host: "44.237.64.108"
2021/07/26 05:18:08 [error] 6904#6904: *1802 connect() failed (111: Connection refused) while connecting to upstream, client: 172.31.45.215, server: , request: "GET /console/ HTTP/1.1", upstream: "http://127.0.0.1:8000/console/", host: "44.237.64.108"
2021/07/26 05:18:09 [error] 6904#6904: *1802 connect() failed (111: Connection refused) while connecting to upstream, client: 172.31.45.215, server: , request: "POST /Autodiscover/Autodiscover.xml HTTP/1.1", upstream: "http://127.0.0.1:8000/Autodiscover/Autodiscover.xml", host: "44.237.64.108"
2021/07/26 05:18:09 [error] 6904#6904: *1802 connect() failed (111: Connection refused) while connecting to upstream, client: 172.31.45.215, server: , request: "GET /_ignition/execute-solution HTTP/1.1", upstream: "http://127.0.0.1:8000/_ignition/execute-solution", host: "44.237.64.108"
2021/07/26 05:18:42 [error] 6904#6904: *1802 connect() failed (111: Connection refused) while connecting to upstream, client: 172.31.45.215, server: , request: "GET /manager/html HTTP/1.1", upstream: "http://127.0.0.1:8000/manager/html", host: "44.237.64.108"
2021/07/26 05:22:50 [error] 8765#8765: *44 connect() failed (111: Connection refused) while connecting to upstream, client: 172.31.15.153, server: , request: "GET / HTTP/1.1", upstream: "http://127.0.0.1:8000/", host: "djangoproject.eba-fuipjhfa.us-west-2.elasticbeanstalk.com"
2021/07/26 05:22:51 [error] 8765#8765: *44 connect() failed (111: Connection refused) while connecting to upstream, client: 172.31.15.153, server: , request: "GET /favicon.ico HTTP/1.1", upstream: "http://127.0.0.1:8000/favicon.ico", host: "djangoproject.eba-fuipjhfa.us-west-2.elasticbeanstalk.com", referrer: "http://djangoproject.eba-fuipjhfa.us-west-2.elasticbeanstalk.com/"
2021/07/26 05:24:18 [error] 8765#8765: *68 connect() failed (111: Connection refused) while connecting to upstream, client: 172.31.15.153, server: , request: "GET / HTTP/1.1", upstream: "http://127.0.0.1:8000/", host: "djangoproject.eba-fuipjhfa.us-west-2.elasticbeanstalk.com"
2021/07/26 05:24:18 [error] 8765#8765: *68 connect() failed (111: Connection refused) while connecting to upstream, client: 172.31.15.153, server: , request: "GET /favicon.ico HTTP/1.1", upstream: "http://127.0.0.1:8000/favicon.ico", host: "djangoproject.eba-fuipjhfa.us-west-2.elasticbeanstalk.com", referrer: "http://djangoproject.eba-fuipjhfa.us-west-2.elasticbeanstalk.com/"
2021/07/26 05:37:38 [error] 9377#9377: *72 connect() failed (111: Connection refused) while connecting to upstream, client: 172.31.15.153, server: , request: "GET / HTTP/1.1", upstream: "http://127.0.0.1:8000/", host: "djangoproject.eba-fuipjhfa.us-west-2.elasticbeanstalk.com"
2021/07/26 05:37:39 [error] 9377#9377: *72 connect() failed (111: Connection refused) while connecting to upstream, client: 172.31.15.153, server: , request: "GET /favicon.ico HTTP/1.1", upstream: "http://127.0.0.1:8000/favicon.ico", host: "djangoproject.eba-fuipjhfa.us-west-2.elasticbeanstalk.com", referrer: "http://djangoproject.eba-fuipjhfa.us-west-2.elasticbeanstalk.com/"
从外观上看，部署似乎成功了。然而，根据其他一些类似的帖子，nginx 日志似乎表明让 gunicorn 作为 Web 服务器网关接口可能存在问题。有关如何解决此问题的任何建议？
【问题讨论】：
你解决了吗？我也有同样的问题 @bruvio 不。我认为 AWS 对我来说实在是太多了，因此选择使用 Opalstack，这是一个更易于管理的 Django 主机，与 AWS 相比具有更多的文档和易于操作的功能。一般来说，我不会使用 AWS，尤其是对于规模较小的项目。我建议查看djangofriendly.com/index.html，它有助于为您的 Django 项目找到合适的主机。 我刚刚成功部署了它。 @bruvio 你是如何部署的？ 【参考方案1】：我的部署仍然不适合生产，因为我仍然必须从 aws 控制台手动配置 postgres 数据库并更改数据库的 SG 入站规则。
到目前为止，这是我想出的。
这是我在 .ebextensions/ 中的 diango.config 文件：
option_settings:
aws:elasticbeanstalk:application:environment:
DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE: "projectname.settings"
PYTHONPATH: "/var/app/current:$PYTHONPATH"
AWS_STORAGE_BUCKET_NAME: "nameofbucket"
AWS_S3_REGION_NAME: "yourregion"
RDS_USERNAME: "dbusername"
RDS_PASSWORD: "dbpassword"
RDS_PORT: 5432
aws:elasticbeanstalk:container:python:
WSGIPath: "projectname.wsgi:application"
NumProcesses: 3
NumThreads: 20
aws:elasticbeanstalk:environment:process:default:
HealthCheckPath: "/about"
MatcherHTTPCode: "200-499"
aws:elasticbeanstalk:environment:proxy:staticfiles:
/static: static
/media: media
container_commands:
01_makemigrations:
command: "source /var/app/venv/*/bin/activate && python3 manage.py makemigrations --noinput"
leader_only: true
02_migrate:
command: "source /var/app/venv/*/bin/activate && python3 manage.py migrate --noinput"
leader_only: true
03_createsu:
command: "source /var/app/venv/*/bin/activate && python3 manage.py createsu"
04_collectstatic:
command: "source /var/app/venv/*/bin/activate && python3 manage.py collectstatic --noinput"
leader_only: true
这将创建一个没有数据库的环境，然后我从控制台提供一个 postgres 数据库。
然后我从终端运行一个脚本来设置弹性豆茎内的环境变量：
#!/bin/bash
eb setenv \
AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID='' \
AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY='' \
RDS_DB_NAME='' \
RDS_HOSTNAME=''
在我的 setting.py 文件中，我传递了这样的内容：
from decouple import config
DEFAULT_AUTO_FIELD = "django.db.models.BigAutoField"
STATIC_URL = "/static/"
STATIC_ROOT = BASE_DIR / "static"
MEDIA_URL = "/media/"
MEDIA_ROOT = BASE_DIR / "media"
try:
from .local_settings import *
AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID = config("AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID")
AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY = config("AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY")
AWS_STORAGE_BUCKET_NAME = config("AWS_STORAGE_BUCKET_NAME")
AWS_S3_REGION_NAME = config("AWS_S3_REGION_NAME")
except ImportError:
print("no local file found")
## Django storages - use this for production
STATICFILES_STORAGE = "storages.backends.s3boto3.S3Boto3Storage"
DEFAULT_FILE_STORAGE = "storages.backends.s3boto3.S3Boto3Storage"
print("no local file found you are in production")
# Database
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/3.2/ref/settings/#databases
DATABASES =
"default":
"ENGINE": "django.db.backends.postgresql_psycopg2",
"NAME": os.environ["RDS_DB_NAME"],
"USER": os.environ["RDS_USERNAME"],
"PASSWORD": os.environ["RDS_PASSWORD"],
"HOST": os.environ["RDS_HOSTNAME"],
"PORT": os.environ["RDS_PORT"],
AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID = config("AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID")
AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY = config("AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY")
AWS_STORAGE_BUCKET_NAME = config("AWS_STORAGE_BUCKET_NAME")
AWS_S3_REGION_NAME = config("AWS_S3_REGION_NAME")
这使我的项目在 Elastic Beanstalk 上启动并运行。正如我所说，它仍然不是全自动的，因为我在配置文件中配置数据库的部分不起作用。希望有用。
【讨论】：
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