一步一步教你Nginx平滑升级和动静分离
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一、在Centos01安装nginx服务，配置网站主页，使用www.szt.com访问Nginx
1、在Centos01上安装Nginx依赖
1）挂载光盘配置本地yum仓库
[root@centos01 ~]# mount /dev/cdrom /mnt/
mount: /dev/sr0 写保护，将以只读方式挂载
[root@centos01 ~]# rm -rf /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-*
2）安装依赖
[root@centos01 ~]# yum -y install pcre-devel zlib-devel
3）创建管理Nginx用户
[root@centos01 ~]# useradd -M -s /sbin/nologin nginx
[root@centos01 ~]# umount /mnt/
2、配置安装Nginx服务
1）切换光盘
[root@centos01 ~]# mount /dev/cdrom /mnt/
mount: /dev/sr0 写保护，将以只读方式挂载
[root@centos01 ~]# ls /mnt/
2）解压配置安装nginx
[root@centos01 ~]# tar zxf
/mnt/nginx-1.6.0.tar.gz -C /usr/src/
[root@centos01 nginx-1.6.0]# ./configure \\
> --prefix=/usr/local/nginx \\
> --user=nginx \\
> --group=nginx \\
> --with-http_stub_status_module
3）编译安装Nginx
[root@centos01 nginx-1.6.0]# make && make install
4）优化nginx命令检查配置文件
[root@centos01 ~]# ln -s
/usr/local/nginx/sbin/* /usr/local/sbin/
[root@centos01 ~]# nginx -t
nginx: the configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok
nginx: configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf test is successful
3、设置Nginx服务器网站根目录设置主页修改配置文件
1）创建网站根目录设置主页
[root@centos01 ~]# mkdir /www
[root@centos01 ~]# echo "www.stz.com" > /www/index.html
2）修改Nginx主配置文件
[root@centos01 ~]# cp /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf.bak
[root@centos01 ~]# vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
user
nobody;
worker_processes 1;
events
worker_connections 1024;
http
include mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream;
worker_connections 1024;
default_type application/octet-stream;
sendfile on;
keepalive_timeout 65;
server
listen 80;
server_name www.stz.com;
charset utf-8;
access_log www.stz.com.access.log;
location /
root /www;
index index.html index.htm;
3）启动Nginx服务监听端口号
[root@centos01 ~]# nginx
[root@centos01 ~]# netstat -anptu | grep nginx
tcp
0 0 0.0.0.0:80 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 3740/nginx: master
二、在Centos02配置DNS服务器使用，创建stz.com域和Benet.com域分别添加主机指向Nginx主机IP地址和lamp主机IP地址
1、安装DNS服务设置开机自动启动
1）挂载系统光盘安装DNS服务
[root@centos02 ~]# mount /dev/cdrom /mnt/
mount: /dev/sr0 写保护，将以只读方式挂载
[root@centos02 ~]# ls /mnt/
CentOS_BuildTag images repodata
EFI isolinux RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7
EULA LiveOS RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-Testing-7
GPL Packages TRANS.TBL
2）安装DNS服务
[root@centos02 ~]# rpm -ivh /mnt/Packages/bind-9.9.4-50.el7.x86_64.rpm
[root@centos02 ~]# rpm -ivh /mnt/Packages/bind-chroot-9.9.4-50.el7.x86_64.rpm
3）设置服务开机自动启动
[root@centos02 ~]# systemctl start named
[root@centos02 ~]# systemctl enable named
2、修改主配置文件和区域配置文件
1）修改DNS主配置文件
[root@centos02 ~]# vim /etc/named.conf
options
listen-on port 53 any; ;
directory "/var/named";
;
zone "stz.com" IN
type master;
file "/var/named/stz.com.zone";
;
zone "benet.com" IN
type master;
file "/var/named/benet.com.zone";
;
2）检查主配置文件是否错误
[root@centos02 ~]# named-checkconf /etc/named.conf
3）修改区域配置文件
[root@centos02 ~]# vim
/var/named/stz.com.zone
$TTL 86400
@ SOA stz.com. root.stz.com. (
2022021609
1H
15M
1W
1D
)
@ NS centos02.stz.com.
centos02 A 192.168.100.20
www A 192.168.100.10
[root@centos02 ~]# vim
/var/named/benet.com.zone
$TTL 86400
@ SOA benet.com. root.benet.com. (
2022021609
1H
15M
1W
1D
)
@ NS centos02.benet.com.
centos02 A 192.168.100.20
www A 192.168.100.30
4）检查区域配置文件是否错误
[root@centos02 ~]# named-checkzone stz.com /var/named/stz.com.zone
zone stz.com/IN: loaded serial 2022021609
OK
[root@centos02 ~]# named-checkzone benet.com /var/named/benet.com.zone
zone benet.com/IN: loaded serial 2022021609
OK
3、启动DNS服务查看服务运行状态
1）启动DNS服务
[root@centos02 ~]# systemctl start named
[root@centos02 ~]# systemctl enable named
2）查看服务运行状态
[root@centos02 ~]# netstat -anptu | grep named
tcp
0 0 127.0.0.1:53 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1449/named
tcp
0 0 127.0.0.1:953 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1449/named
tcp6
0 0 ::1:53 :::* LISTEN 1449/named
tcp6
0 0 ::1:953 :::* LISTEN
1449/named
udp
0 0 127.0.0.1:53 0.0.0.0:* 1449/named
udp6
0 0 ::1:53 :::* 1449/named
3）测试域名解析
[root@centos02 ~]# nslookup www.stz.com
Server: 127.0.0.1
Address: 127.0.0.1#53
Name: www.stz.com
Address: 192.168.100.10
[root@centos02 ~]# nslookup www.benet.com
Server: 127.0.0.1
Address: 127.0.0.1#53
Name: www.benet.com
Address: 192.168.100.30
三、在Centos03使用yum安装LAMP服务配置，使用域名wwwbenet.Com访问lamp，在Nginx配置动静分离，静态Nginx处理动态LAMP处理
1、配置yum安装LAMP平台
1）挂载系统光盘配置yum仓库
[root@centos03 ~]# mount /dev/cdrom /mnt/
mount: /dev/sr0 写保护，将以只读方式挂载
[root@centos03 ~]# rm -rf /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-*
[root@centos03 ~]# cat /etc/yum.repos.d/local.repo
[local]
name=centos
baseurl=file:///mnt
enabled=1
gpgcheck=0
2）使用yum安装LAMP平台
[root@centos03 ~]# yum -y install httpd php php-mysql mariadb-server
3）启动服务设置开机自动启动
[root@centos03 ~]# systemctl start httpd
[root@centos03 ~]# systemctl enable httpd
[root@centos03 ~]# systemctl start mariadb
[root@centos03 ~]# systemctl enable mariadb
4）设置网站主页
[root@centos03 ~]# vim /var/www/html/index.html
www.benet.com
5）设置php测试页
[root@centos03 ~]# vim /var/www/html/index.php
<?php
phpinfo();
?>
2、访问Nginx和LAPM平台测试
1）给客户端配置ip
2）访问Nginx
3）访问LAMP平台
3）访问LAMP的php
3、在Nginx服务器配置动静分离，静态数据图片访问Nginx动态php访问跳转到LAMP
1）修改Nginx主配置文件支持动静分离
[root@centos01 ~]# vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
user nobody;
worker_processes 1;
events
worker_connections 1024;
http
include mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream;
sendfile on;
keepalive_timeout 65;
server
listen 80;
server_name www.stz.com;
charset utf-8;
access_log www.stz.com.access.log;
location ~ .*\\.(gif|jpg|bmp|swf)$
root /www;
index index.html index.htm;
location ~ \\.php$
proxy_pass http://www.benet.com;
2）检查配置出错没有
[root@centos01 ~]# nginx -t
nginx: the configuration file
/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok
nginx: configuration file
/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf test is successful
3）重新启动nginx
[root@centos01 ~]# killall -I -QUIT nginx
[root@centos01 ~]# nginx
4）客户端访问php动态数据查看抓包信息
四、在Centos01上安装nginx实现平滑升级
1、安装老版本nginx
1）安装依赖程序创建管理nginx用户
[root@centos01 ~]# yum -y install pcre-devel zlib-devel
[root@centos01 ~]# useradd -M -s /sbin/nologin nginx
2）解压配置老版本nginx
[root@centos01 ~]# tar zxf ./nginx-1.12.0.tar.gz -C /usr/src/
[root@centos01 ~]# cd /usr/src/nginx-1.12.0/
[root@centos01 nginx-1.12.0]# ./configure \\
> --prefix=/usr/local/nginx/ \\
> --user=nginx \\
> --group=nginx \\
> --with-http_stub_status_module
3）编译安装
[root@centos01 nginx-1.12.0]# make && make install
4）优化Nginx命令
[root@centos01 nginx-1.12.0]# ln -s /usr/local/nginx/sbin/* /usr/local/sbin/
2、配置老版本nginx网站服务器
1）创建网站根目录设置主页
[root@centos01 ~]# mkdir /www
[root@centos01 ~]# echo "www.stz.com" > /www/index.html
2）修改Nginx配置文件
[root@centos01 ~]# vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
user nobody;
worker_processes 1;
events
worker_connections 1024;
http
include mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream;
worker_connections 1024;
default_type application/octet-stream;
sendfile on;
keepalive_timeout 65;
server
listen 80;
server_name www.stz.com;
charset utf-8;
access_log www.stz.com.access.log;
location /
root /www;
index index.html index.htm;
3）启动nginx服务
[root@centos01 ~]# nginx
[root@centos01 ~]# netstat -anptu | grep nginx
tcp
0 0 0.0.0.0:80 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 47091/nginx: master
4）客户端访问
3、安装新版nginx服务器平滑升级，配置nginx监控访问监控进程基本身份验证
1）解压配置nginx
[root@centos01 ~]# ls
anaconda-ks.cfg nginx-1.16.1.tar.gz 视频 下载
initial-setup-ks.cfg 公共 图片 音乐
nginx-1.12.0.tar.gz 模板 文档 桌面
[root@centos01 ~]# tar -zxf ./nginx-1.16.1.tar.gz -C /usr/src/
[root@centos01 ~]# cd /usr/src/nginx-1.6.0/
[root@centos01 nginx-1.6.0]# ./configure \\
> --user=nginx \\
> --group=nginx \\
> --with-http_stub_status_module
2）编译安装
[root@centos01 nginx-1.6.0]# make
3）关闭老版本服务
[root@centos01 nginx-1.6.0]# killall -I -QUIT nginx
4）生成管理服务文件
[root@centos01 nginx-1.6.0]# cp objs/nginx /usr/local/sbin
5）查看nginx运行版本
[root@centos01 ~]# nginx -V
nginx version: nginx/1.6.0
built by gcc 4.8.5 20150623 (Red Hat
4.8.5-16) (GCC)
configure arguments: --user=nginx
--group=nginx --with-http_stub_status_module
6）启动新版
[root@centos01 ~]# nginx
[root@centos01 ~]# netstat -anptu | grep nginx
tcp
0 0 0.0.0.0:80 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 49485/nginx: master
7）查看升级后的版本
4、配置nginx监控访问监控进行基本身份验证
1）安装基本验证加密数据库
[root@centos01 ~]# rpm -ivh /mnt/Packages/httpd-tools-2.4.6-67.el7.centos.x86_64.rpm
2）生成验证数据库
[root@centos01 ~]# htpasswd -c /usr/local/nginx/password bob
New password:
Re-type new password:
Adding password for user bob
3）修改Nginx主配置文件加载验证和采集监控数据
[root@centos01 ~]# vim
/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
user nobody;
worker_processes 1;
events
worker_connections 1024;
include mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream;
sendfile on;
keepalive_timeout 65;
server
listen 80;
server_name www.stz.com;
charset utf-8;
access_log www.stz.com.access.log;
location /
root /www;
index index.html index.htm;
location /status
stub_status on;
access_log off;
auth_basic "welcom tomauth";
auth_basic_user_file /usr/local/nginx/password;
4）重新启动nginx
[root@centos01 ~]# killall -I -QUIT nginx
[root@centos01 ~]# nginx
5）客户端访问验证
6）查看监控
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