android --多线程下载

Posted 2020-09-30 yxysuanfa

多线程下载文件的过程是： 

  (1)首先获得下载文件的长度，然后设置本地文件的长度。

      HttpURLConnection.getContentLength();//获取下载文件的长度

     RandomAccessFile file = new RandomAccessFile("QQSetup.exe","rwd");

       file.setLength(filesize);//设置本地文件的长度

 

  (2)依据文件长度和线程数计算每条线程下载的数据长度和下载位置。

      如：文件的长度为6M，线程数为3，那么。每条线程下载的数据长度为2M，每条线程開始下载的位置例如以下图所看到的。

  

   比如10M大小，使用3个线程来下载，

        线程下载的数据长度   (10%3 == 0 ？ 10/3:10/3+1) ,第1，2个线程下载长度是4M，第三个线程下载长度为2M

         下载開始位置：线程id*每条线程下载的数据长度 = ?

        下载结束位置：（线程id+1）*每条线程下载的数据长度-1=?

 

  (3)使用Http的Range头字段指定每条线程从文件的什么位置開始下载，下载到什么位置为止，

         如：指定从文件的2M位置開始下载。下载到位置(4M-1byte)为止

           代码例如以下：HttpURLConnection.setRequestProperty("Range", "bytes=2097152-4194303");

 

  (4)保存文件，使用RandomAccessFile类指定每条线程从本地文件的什么位置開始写入数据。

RandomAccessFile threadfile = new RandomAccessFile("QQWubiSetup.exe ","rwd");

threadfile.seek(2097152);//从文件的什么位置開始写入数据

/** 
 *多线程下载，UI更新类  
 *@author young 
 * */  
public class MultiThreadDownload extends Thread{  
    private static final String TAG = "MultiThreadDownload";  
    /**每个线程须要下载的大小 */  
    private int blockSize;  
    /*** 线程数量<br> 默觉得5个线程下载*/  
    private int threadNum = 5;  
    /*** 文件大小 */  
    private int fileSize;  
    /** * 已经下载多少 */  
    private int downloadSize;  
    /**文件的url,线程编号。文件名*/  
    private String UrlStr,ThreadNo,fileName;  
    /***保存的路径*/  
    private String savePath;  
    /**下载的百分比*/  
    private int downloadPercent = 0;  
    /**下载的 平均速度*/  
    private int downloadSpeed = 0;  
    /**下载用的时间*/  
    private int usedTime = 0;  
    /**当前时间*/  
    private long curTime;  
    /**是否已经下载完毕*/  
    private boolean completed = false;  
    private Handler handler ;  
    /** 
     * 下载的构造函数   
     * @param url  请求下载的URL 
     * @param handler   UI更新使用 
     * @param savePath  保存文件的路径 
     */  
    public MultiThreadDownload(Handler handler,String url,String savePath)  
    {  
        this.handler = handler;  
        this.UrlStr = url;  
        this.savePath = savePath;  
        Log.e(TAG, toString());  
    }  
      
    @Override  
    public void run() {  
          
        FileDownloadThread[] fds = new FileDownloadThread[threadNum];//设置线程数量  
        try {  
            URL url = new URL(UrlStr);  
            URLConnection conn = url.openConnection();  
            fileSize = conn.getContentLength();  
              
            this.fileName = FileUtil.getFileName(UrlStr);  
            //仅仅创建一个文件，saveFile下载内容  
            File saveFile = new File(savePath+"/"+fileName);  
            Log.e(TAG, "文件一共："+fileSize+" savePath "+savePath+"  fileName  "+fileName);  
              
            RandomAccessFile accessFile = new RandomAccessFile(saveFile,"rwd");  
            //设置本地文件的长度和下载文件同样     
            accessFile.setLength(fileSize);    
            accessFile.close();  
            //Handler更新UI，发送消息  
            sendMsg(FileUtil.startDownloadMeg);  
            //每块线程下载数据  
            blockSize = ((fileSize%threadNum)==0)?(fileSize/threadNum):(fileSize/threadNum+1);  
            Log.e(TAG, "每个线程分别下载 ："+blockSize);  
              
            for (int i = 0; i < threadNum; i++) {  
                int curThreadEndPosition = (i+1)!=threadNum ?
 ((i+1)*blockSize-1) : fileSize;  
                FileDownloadThread fdt = new FileDownloadThread(url, saveFile, i*blockSize, curThreadEndPosition);  
                fdt.setName("thread"+i);  
                fdt.start();  
                fds[i]=fdt;  
            }  
            /** 
             * 获取数据，更新UI，直到全部下载线程都下载完毕。 
             */  
            boolean finished = false;  
            //開始时间，放在循环外，求解的usedTime就是总时间  
            long startTime = System.currentTimeMillis();  
            while(!finished)  
            {  
                downloadSize = 0;  
                finished = true;  
                for (int i = 0; i < fds.length; i++) {  
                    downloadSize+= fds[i].getDownloadSize();  
                    if(!fds[i].isFinished())  
                    {  
                        finished = false;  
                    }  
                }  
                downloadPercent = (downloadSize*100)/fileSize;  
                curTime = System.currentTimeMillis();  
                System.out.println("curTime = "+curTime+" downloadSize = "+downloadSize+" usedTime "+(int) ((curTime-startTime)/1000));  
                usedTime = (int) ((curTime-startTime)/1000);  
                  
                if(usedTime==0)usedTime = 1;    
                downloadSpeed = (downloadSize/usedTime)/1024;  
                sleep(1000);/*1秒钟刷新一次界面*/  
                sendMsg(FileUtil.updateDownloadMeg);  
            }  
            Log.e(TAG, "下载完毕");  
            completed = true;  
            sendMsg(FileUtil.endDownloadMeg);  
        } catch (Exception e) {  
            Log.e(TAG, "multi file error  Exception  "+e.getMessage());  
            e.printStackTrace();  
        }  
        super.run();  
    }  
    /** 
     * 得到文件的大小 
     * @return 
     */  
    public int getFileSize()  
    {  
        return this.fileSize;  
    }  
    /** 
     * 得到已经下载的数量 
     * @return 
     */  
    public int getDownloadSize()  
    {  
        return this.downloadSize;  
    }  
    /** 
     * 获取下载百分比 
     * @return 
     */  
    public int getDownloadPercent(){  
        return this.downloadPercent;  
    }  
   /** 
    * 获取下载速度 
    * @return 
    */  
    public int getDownloadSpeed(){  
        return this.downloadSpeed;  
    }  
    /** 
     * 改动默认线程数 
     * @param threadNum 
     */  
    public void setThreadNum(int threadNum){  
        this.threadNum = threadNum;  
    }  
    /** 
     * 分块下载完毕的标志 
     * @return 
     */  
    public boolean isCompleted(){  
        return this.completed;  
    }  
    @Override  
    public String toString() {  
        return "MultiThreadDownload [threadNum=" + threadNum + ", fileSize="  
                + fileSize + ", UrlStr=" + UrlStr + ", ThreadNo=" + ThreadNo  
                + ", savePath=" + savePath + "]";  
    }  
      
    /** 
     * 发送消息。用户提示 
     * */  
    private void sendMsg(int what)  
    {  
        Message msg = new Message();  
        msg.what = what;  
        handler.sendMessage(msg);  
    } 

public class FileDownloadThread extends Thread{  
    private static final String TAG = "FileDownloadThread";  
    /**缓冲区 */  
    private static final int BUFF_SIZE = 1024;  
    /**须要下载的URL*/  
    private URL url;  
    /**缓存的FIle*/  
    private File file;  
    /**開始位置*/  
    private int startPosition;  
    /**结束位置*/  
    private int endPosition;  
    /**当前位置*/  
    private int curPosition;  
    /**完毕*/  
    private boolean finished = false;  
    /**已经下载多少*/  
    private int downloadSize = 0;  
      
    /*** 
     * 分块文件下载，能够创建多线程模式 
     * @param url   下载的URL 
     * @param file  下载的文件 
     * @param startPosition 開始位置 
     * @param endPosition   结束位置 
     */  
    public FileDownloadThread(URL url, File file, int startPosition,  
            int endPosition) {  
        this.url = url;  
        this.file = file;  
        this.startPosition = startPosition;  
        this.curPosition = startPosition;  
        this.endPosition = endPosition;  
        Log.e(TAG, toString());  
    }  
      
    @Override  
    public void run() {  
        BufferedInputStream bis = null;  
        RandomAccessFile rAccessFile = null;  
        byte[] buf = new byte[BUFF_SIZE];  
        URLConnection conn = null;  
        try {  
            conn = url.openConnection();  
            conn.setConnectTimeout(10000);//设置超时  
            conn.setReadTimeout(10000);  
            conn.setAllowUserInteraction(true);  
                    System.out.println(this.getName()+" startPosition "+startPosition+" endPosition "+endPosition);  
                    conn.setRequestProperty("Range", "bytes="+(startPosition)+"-"+endPosition);  //取剩余未下载的  
                    rAccessFile = new RandomAccessFile(file,"rwd");//读写  
                     //设置从什么位置開始写入数据   
                    rAccessFile.seek(startPosition);  
                    bis = new BufferedInputStream(conn.getInputStream(), BUFF_SIZE);  
                    while(curPosition<endPosition)  //当前位置小于结束位置  继续下载  
                    {  
                        int len = bis.read(buf,0,BUFF_SIZE);  
                        if(len==-1)   //下载完毕    
                        {   
                            break;  
                        }  
                        rAccessFile.write(buf,0,len);  
                        curPosition = curPosition +len;  
                        if(curPosition > endPosition)  
                        {   //假设下载多了。则减去多余部分  
                            System.out.println("  curPosition > endPosition  !!!!");  
                            int extraLen = curPosition-endPosition;  
                            downloadSize += (len-extraLen+1);  
                        }else{  
                            downloadSize+=len;  
                        }  
                    }  
                    this.finished = true;  //当前阶段下载完毕  
            Log.e(TAG, "当前"+this.getName()+"下载完毕");  
        } catch (Exception e) {  
            Log.e(TAG, "download error Exception "+e.getMessage());  
            e.printStackTrace();  
        }finally{  
            //关闭流  
            FileUtil.closeInputStream(bis);  
            try {  
                rAccessFile.close();  
            } catch (IOException e) {  
                // TODO Auto-generated catch block  
                Log.e("AccessFile", "AccessFile IOException "+e.getMessage());  
            }  
        }  
        super.run();  
    }  
      
    /** 
     * 是否完毕当前段下载完毕 
     * @return 
     */  
    public boolean isFinished() {  
        return finished;  
    }  
    /** 
     * 已经下载多少 
     * @return 
     */  
    public int getDownloadSize() {  
        return downloadSize;  
    }  
  
    @Override  
    public String toString() {  
        return "FileDownloadThread [url=" + url + ", file=" + file  
                + ", startPosition=" + startPosition + ", endPosition="  
                + endPosition + ", curPosition=" + curPosition + ", finished="  
                + finished + ", downloadSize=" + downloadSize + "]";  
    }  

多线程下载是分段下载，创建保存一个文件，子线程分别通过RandomAccessFile类进行写入操作。

演示样例源代码：demo下载