docker：环境变量配置不生效/ect/profile

Posted 2022-12-31

问题描述

docker启动的centos，每次进入终端，配置在/ect/profile 的环境变量没有生效

#  运行centos 获取systemctl权限
docker run \\
--privileged \\
-itd \\
--name centos7 \\
-p 8082:8080 \\
-v /sys/fs/cgroup:/sys/fs/cgroup:ro \\
centos:centos7 /usr/sbin/init

# 进入终端
docker exec -it centos7 /bin/bash

问题分析

通过查看几个用户环境变量文件，发现有如下调用链

~/.bash_profile
~/.bashrc
/etc/bashrc
/etc/profile.d/*.sh

唯独漏了配置文件 /etc/profile

# 查看 ~/.bash_profile
$ more ~/.bash_profile

# .bash_profile
# Get the aliases and functions
if [ -f ~/.bashrc ]; then
    . ~/.bashrc
fi


# 查看 ~/.bashrc
$ more ~/.bashrc

# .bashrc
# Source global definitions
if [ -f /etc/bashrc ]; then
    . /etc/bashrc
fi


# 查看 /etc/bashrc
$ more /etc/bashrc

# /etc/bashrc
for i in /etc/profile.d/*.sh; do
    if [ -r "$i" ]; then
        if [ "$PS1" ]; then
            . "$i"
        else
            . "$i" >/dev/null
        fi
    fi
done


# 查看 /etc/profile
$ more /etc/profile

# /etc/profile
for i in /etc/profile.d/*.sh /etc/profile.d/sh.local ; do
    if [ -r "$i" ]; then
        if [ "$-#*i" != "$-" ]; then
            . "$i"
        else
            . "$i" >/dev/null
        fi
    fi
done

问题解决

所以，我们可以将环境放到文件夹/etc/profile.d 中

无论哪种方式都会执行该文件夹中的shell脚本

添加环境变量

# 新建环境变量文件
vim /etc/profile.d/env.sh

# /etc/profile.d/env.sh

# jdk
JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/jdk1.8.0_351
PATH=$JAVA_HOME/bin:$PATH

再次启动，就可以生效了

其实，几个配置文件也都有提示

# Its NOT a good idea to change this file unless you know what you
# are doing. Its much better to create a custom.sh shell script in
# /etc/profile.d/ to make custom changes to your environment, as this
# will prevent the need for merging in future updates.

大致意思就说，用户环境变量放在文件夹/etc/profile.d/ 中是比较好的方式