源码透视SpringBoot的SPI机制

Posted 2022-12-23

tags:

篇首语：本文由小常识网(cha138.com)小编为大家整理，主要介绍了源码透视SpringBoot的SPI机制相关的知识，希望对你有一定的参考价值。

一、从java类加载机制说起

Bootstrap ClassLoader：负责加载JDK自带的rt.jar包中的类文件，是所有类加载的父类
Extension ClassLoader：负责加载java的扩展类库从jre/lib/ect目录或者java.ext.dirs系统属性指定的目录下加载类，是System ClassLoader的父类加载器
System ClassLoader：负责从classpath环境变量中加载类文件

1.1 双亲委派模型

具体：根据双亲委派模式，在加载类文件的时候，子类加载器首先将加载请求委托给它的父加载器，父加载器会检测自己是否已经加载过类，如果已经加载则加载过程结束，如果没有加载的话则请求继续向上传递，直至Bootstrap ClassLoader。如果请求向上委托过程中，如果始终没有检测到该类已经加载，则Bootstrap ClassLoader开始尝试从其对应路劲中加载该类文件，如果失败则由子类加载器继续尝试加载，直至发起加载请求的子加载器为止。

protected Class<?> loadClass(String name, boolean resolve) 
    synchronized (getClassLoadingLock(name)) 
    // 首先，检查该类是否已经被加载，如果从JVM缓存中找到该类，则直接返回
    Class<?> c = findLoadedClass(name);
    if (c == null) 
        try 
            // 遵循双亲委派的模型，首先会通过递归从父加载器开始找，
            // 直到父类加载器是BootstrapClassLoader为止
            if (parent != null) 
                c = parent.loadClass(name, false);
             else 
                c = findBootstrapClassOrNull(name);
            
         catch (ClassNotFoundException e) 
        if (c == null) 
            // 如果还找不到，尝试通过findClass方法去寻找
            // findClass是留给开发者自己实现的，也就是说
            // 自定义类加载器时，重写此方法即可
           c = findClass(name);
        
    
    if (resolve) 
        resolveClass(c);
    
    return c;

1.2 双亲委派模型缺陷

**案例：**Java 提供了很多服务提供者接口(Service Provider Interface，SPI)，允许第三方为这些接口提供实现。常见的 SPI 有 JDBC、JNDI、JAXP 等，这些SPI的接口由核心类库提供，却由第三方实现，这样就存在一个问题：SPI 的接口是 Java 核心库的一部分，是由BootstrapClassLoader加载的；SPI实现的Java类一般是由AppClassLoader来加载的。BootstrapClassLoader是无法找到 SPI 的实现类的，因为它只加载Java的核心库。它也不能代理给AppClassLoader，因为它是最顶层的类加载器。也就是说，双亲委派模型并不能解决这个问题。

1.3 使用线程上下文类加载器(ContextClassLoader)加载

如果不做任何的设置，Java应用的线程的上下文类加载器默认就是AppClassLoader。在核心类库使用SPI接口时，传递的类加载器使用线程上下文类加载器，就可以成功的加载到SPI实现的类。线程上下文类加载器在很多SPI的实现中都会用到。

通常我们可以通过Thread.currentThread().getClassLoader()和Thread.currentThread().getContextClassLoader()获取线程上下文类加载器。

1.4 使用类加载器加载资源文件，比如jar包

//获取资源的方法
public Enumeration<URL> getResources(String name) throws IOException 
    Enumeration<URL>[] tmp = (Enumeration<URL>[]) new Enumeration<?>[2];
    if (parent != null) 
        tmp[0] = parent.getResources(name);
     else 
        tmp[0] = getBootstrapResources(name);
    
    tmp[1] = findResources(name);
    return new CompoundEnumeration<>(tmp);

它的逻辑其实跟类加载的逻辑是一样的，首先判断父类加载器是否为空，不为空则委托父类加载器执行资源查找任务，直到BootstrapClassLoader，最后才轮到自己查找。而不同的类加载器负责扫描不同路径下的jar包，就如同加载class一样，最后会扫描所有的jar包，找到符合条件的资源文件。

// 使用线程上下文类加载器加载资源
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception
    // Array.class的完整路径
    String name = "java/sql/Array.class";
    Enumeration<URL> urls = Thread.currentThread().getContextClassLoader().getResources(name);
    while (urls.hasMoreElements()) 
        URL url = urls.nextElement();
        System.out.println(url.toString());

二、Spring中SPI机制实现

2.1 SPI机制

2.1.1 SPI思想

SPI的思想：系统里抽象的各个模块，往往有很多不同的实现方案，比如日志模块的方案，xml解析模块、jdbc模块的方案等。面向的对象的设计里，我们一般推荐模块之间基于接口编程，模块之间不对实现类进行硬编码。一旦代码里涉及具体的实现类，就违反了可拔插的原则，如果需要替换一种实现，就需要修改代码。为了实现在模块装配的时候能不在程序里动态指明，这就需要一种服务发现机制。

java spi就是提供这样的一个机制：为某个接口寻找服务实现的机制。

2.1.2 SPI约定

当服务的提供者，提供了服务接口的一种实现之后，在jar包的META-INF/services/目录里同时创建一个以服务接口命名的文件。该文件里就是实现该服务接口的具体实现类。而当外部程序装配这个模块的时候，就能通过该jar包META-INF/services/里的配置文件找到具体的实现类名，并装载实例化，完成模块的注入。通过这个约定，就不需要把服务放在代码中了，通过模块被装配的时候就可以发现服务类了。

2.2 SPI使用案例

common-logging apache最早提供的日志的门面接口。只有接口，没有实现。具体方案由各提供商实现，发现日志提供商是通过扫描 META-INF/services/org.apache.commons.logging.LogFactory配置文件，通过读取该文件的内容找到日志提工商实现类。只要我们的日志实现里包含了这个文件，并在文件里制定 LogFactory工厂接口的实现类即可。

2.3 Springboot中的类SPI扩展机制

public static final String FACTORIES_RESOURCE_LOCATION = "META-INF/spring.factories";
// spring.factories文件的格式为：key=value1,value2,value3
// 从所有的jar包中找到META-INF/spring.factories文件
// 然后从文件中解析出key=factoryClass类名称的所有value值
public static List<String> loadFactoryNames(Class<?> factoryClass, ClassLoader classLoader) 
    String factoryClassName = factoryClass.getName();
    // 取得资源文件的URL
    Enumeration<URL> urls = (classLoader != null ? classLoader.getResources(FACTORIES_RESOURCE_LOCATION) : ClassLoader.getSystemResources(FACTORIES_RESOURCE_LOCATION));
    List<String> result = new ArrayList<String>();
    // 遍历所有的URL
    while (urls.hasMoreElements()) 
        URL url = urls.nextElement();
        // 根据资源文件URL解析properties文件，得到对应的一组@Configuration类
        Properties properties = PropertiesLoaderUtils.loadProperties(new UrlResource(url));
        String factoryClassNames = properties.getProperty(factoryClassName);
        // 组装数据，并返回
        result.addAll(Arrays.asList(StringUtils.commaDelimitedListToStringArray(factoryClassNames)));
    
    return result;

三、源码分析

3.1 getSpringFactoriesInstances

private <T> Collection<T> getSpringFactoriesInstances(Class<T> type) 
    return getSpringFactoriesInstances(type, new Class<?>[]);


private <T> Collection<T> getSpringFactoriesInstances(Class<T> type, Class<?>[] parameterTypes, Object... args) 
    ClassLoader classLoader = getClassLoader();
    // Use names and ensure unique to protect against duplicates
    //从META-INF/spring.factories中加载对应类型的类的自动配置类
    Set<String> names = new LinkedHashSet<>(SpringFactoriesLoader.loadFactoryNames(type, classLoader));
    // 加载上来后反射实例化
    List<T> instances = createSpringFactoriesInstances(type, parameterTypes, classLoader, args, names);
    // 对实例列表进行排序
    AnnotationAwareOrderComparator.sort(instances);
    return instances;

3.2 SpringFactoriesLoader

public abstract class SpringFactoriesLoader 

    private static final Log logger = LogFactory.getLog(SpringFactoriesLoader.class);

    public static final String FACTORIES_RESOURCE_LOCATION = "META-INF/spring.factories";


    public static <T> List<T> loadFactories(Class<T> factoryClass, ClassLoader classLoader) 

    

    public static List<String> loadFactoryNames(Class<?> factoryClass, ClassLoader classLoader)

这个类我们有利于我们继续往下找线索的代码是这一行：

public static final String FACTORIES_RESOURCE_LOCATION = "META-INF/spring.factories";

有了这一行代码，我们大致就可以猜出来这个SpringFactoriesLoader类大概是干嘛的了吧？它的两个核心方法一个是用来寻找spring.factories文件中的Factory名称的，一个是用来寻找类的。

3.3 loadFactoryNames

public static List<String> loadFactoryNames(Class<?> factoryType, @Nullable ClassLoader classLoader) 
    String factoryTypeName = factoryType.getName();
    return (List)loadSpringFactories(classLoader).getOrDefault(factoryTypeName, Collections.emptyList());

可以看到，加载的配置文件在META-INF下，名称为spring.factories，该配置文件一共有两个，且配置文件中，每个段落第一行为Key，后边为value，读取时会通过key将所有的value拿出来

在配置文件中我们发现，key和value都是包名加类名的字符串，因此Springboot在读取文件后，是通过反射生成的类

3.3.1 spring-boot-2.2.2.RELEASE.jar

该配置文件内容如下：

# PropertySource Loaders
org.springframework.boot.env.PropertySourceLoader=\\
org.springframework.boot.env.PropertiesPropertySourceLoader,\\
org.springframework.boot.env.YamlPropertySourceLoader

# Run Listeners
org.springframework.boot.SpringApplicationRunListener=\\
org.springframework.boot.context.event.EventPublishingRunListener

# Error Reporters
org.springframework.boot.SpringBootExceptionReporter=\\
org.springframework.boot.diagnostics.FailureAnalyzers

# Application Context Initializers
org.springframework.context.ApplicationContextInitializer=\\
org.springframework.boot.context.ConfigurationWarningsApplicationContextInitializer,\\
org.springframework.boot.context.ContextIdApplicationContextInitializer,\\
org.springframework.boot.context.config.DelegatingApplicationContextInitializer,\\
org.springframework.boot.rsocket.context.RSocketPortInfoApplicationContextInitializer,\\
org.springframework.boot.web.context.ServerPortInfoApplicationContextInitializer

# Application Listeners
org.springframework.context.ApplicationListener=\\
org.springframework.boot.ClearCachesApplicationListener,\\
org.springframework.boot.builder.ParentContextCloserApplicationListener,\\
org.springframework.boot.cloud.CloudFoundryVcapEnvironmentPostProcessor,\\
org.springframework.boot.context.FileEncodingApplicationListener,\\
org.springframework.boot.context.config.AnsiOutputApplicationListener,\\
org.springframework.boot.context.config.ConfigFileApplicationListener,\\
org.springframework.boot.context.config.DelegatingApplicationListener,\\
org.springframework.boot.context.logging.ClasspathLoggingApplicationListener,\\
org.springframework.boot.context.logging.LoggingApplicationListener,\\
org.springframework.boot.liquibase.LiquibaseServiceLocatorApplicationListener

# Environment Post Processors
org.springframework.boot.env.EnvironmentPostProcessor=\\
org.springframework.boot.cloud.CloudFoundryVcapEnvironmentPostProcessor,\\
org.springframework.boot.env.SpringApplicationJsonEnvironmentPostProcessor,\\
org.springframework.boot.env.SystemEnvironmentPropertySourceEnvironmentPostProcessor,\\
org.springframework.boot.reactor.DebugAgentEnvironmentPostProcessor

# Failure Analyzers
org.springframework.boot.diagnostics.FailureAnalyzer=\\
org.springframework.boot.diagnostics.analyzer.BeanCurrentlyInCreationFailureAnalyzer,\\
org.springframework.boot.diagnostics.analyzer.BeanDefinitionOverrideFailureAnalyzer,\\
org.springframework.boot.diagnostics.analyzer.BeanNotOfRequiredTypeFailureAnalyzer,\\
org.springframework.boot.diagnostics.analyzer.BindFailureAnalyzer,\\
org.springframework.boot.diagnostics.analyzer.BindValidationFailureAnalyzer,\\
org.springframework.boot.diagnostics.analyzer.UnboundConfigurationPropertyFailureAnalyzer,\\
org.springframework.boot.diagnostics.analyzer.ConnectorStartFailureAnalyzer,\\
org.springframework.boot.diagnostics.analyzer.NoSuchMethodFailureAnalyzer,\\
org.springframework.boot.diagnostics.analyzer.NoUniqueBeanDefinitionFailureAnalyzer,\\
org.springframework.boot.diagnostics.analyzer.PortInUseFailureAnalyzer,\\
org.springframework.boot.diagnostics.analyzer.ValidationExceptionFailureAnalyzer,\\
org.springframework.boot.diagnostics.analyzer.InvalidConfigurationPropertyNameFailureAnalyzer,\\
org.springframework.boot.diagnostics.analyzer.InvalidConfigurationPropertyValueFailureAnalyzer

# FailureAnalysisReporters
org.springframework.boot.diagnostics.FailureAnalysisReporter=\\
org.springframework.boot.diagnostics.LoggingFailureAnalysisReporter

3.3.2 spring-boot-autoconfigure-2.2.2.RELEASE.jar

该配置文件内容如下：

# Initializers
org.springframework.context.ApplicationContextInitializer=\\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SharedMetadataReaderFactoryContextInitializer,\\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.logging.ConditionEvaluationReportLoggingListener

# Application Listeners
org.springframework.context.ApplicationListener=\\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.BackgroundPreinitializer

# Auto Configuration Import Listeners
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.AutoConfigurationImportListener=\\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.condition.ConditionEvaluationReportAutoConfigurationImportListener

# Auto Configuration Import Filters
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.AutoConfigurationImportFilter=\\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.condition.OnBeanCondition,\\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.condition.OnClassCondition,\\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.condition.OnWebApplicationCondition

# Auto Configure
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.EnableAutoConfiguration=\\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.admin.SpringApplicationAdminJmxAutoConfiguration,\\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.aop.AopAutoConfiguration,\\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.amqp.RabbitAutoConfiguration,\\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.batch.BatchAutoConfiguration,\\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.cache.CacheAutoConfiguration,\\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.cassandra.CassandraAutoConfiguration,\\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.cloud.CloudServiceConnectorsAutoConfiguration,\\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.context.ConfigurationPropertiesAutoConfiguration,\\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.context.MessageSourceAutoConfiguration,\\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.context.PropertyPlaceholderAutoConfiguration,\\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.couchbase.CouchbaseAutoConfiguration,\\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.dao.PersistenceExceptionTranslationAutoConfiguration,\\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.cassandra.CassandraDataAutoConfiguration,\\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.cassandra.CassandraReactiveDataAutoConfiguration,\\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.cassandra.CassandraReactiveRepositoriesAutoConfiguration,\\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.cassandra.CassandraRepositoriesAutoConfiguration,\\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.couchbase.CouchbaseDataAutoConfiguration,\\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.couchbase.CouchbaseReactiveDataAutoConfiguration,\\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.couchbase.CouchbaseReactiveRepositoriesAutoConfiguration,\\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.couchbase.CouchbaseRepositoriesAutoConfiguration,\\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.elasticsearch.ElasticsearchAutoConfiguration,\\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.elasticsearch.ElasticsearchDataAutoConfiguration,\\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.elasticsearch.ElasticsearchRepositoriesAutoConfiguration,\\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.elasticsearch.ReactiveElasticsearchRepositoriesAutoConfiguration,\\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.elasticsearch.ReactiveRestClientAutoConfiguration,\\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.jdbc.JdbcRepositoriesAutoConfiguration,\\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.jpa.JpaRepositoriesAutoConfiguration,\\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.ldap.LdapRepositoriesAutoConfiguration,\\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.mongo.MongoDataAutoConfiguration,\\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.mongo.MongoReactiveDataAutoConfiguration,\\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.mongo.MongoReactiveRepositoriesAutoConfiguration,\\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.mongo.MongoRepositoriesAutoConfiguration,\\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.neo4j.Neo4jDataAutoConfiguration,\\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.neo4j.Neo4jRepositoriesAutoConfiguration,\\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.solr.SolrRepositoriesAutoConfiguration,\\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.redis.RedisAutoConfiguration,\\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.redis.RedisReactiveAutoConfiguration,\\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.redis.RedisRepositoriesAutoConfiguration,\\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.rest.RepositoryRestMvcAutoConfiguration,\\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.web.SpringDataWebAutoConfiguration,\\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.elasticsearch.jest.JestAutoConfiguration,\\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.elasticsearch.rest.RestClientAutoConfiguration,\\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.flyway.FlywayAutoConfiguration,\\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.freemarker.FreeMarkerAutoConfiguration,\\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.gson.GsonAutoConfiguration,\\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.h2.H2ConsoleAutoConfiguration,\\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.hateoas.HypermediaAutoConfiguration,\\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.hazelcast.HazelcastAutoConfiguration,\\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.hazelcast.HazelcastJpaDependencyAutoConfiguration,\\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.http.HttpMessageConvertersAutoConfiguration,\\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.http.codec.CodecsAutoConfiguration,\\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.influx.InfluxDbAutoConfiguration,\\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.info.ProjectInfoAutoConfiguration,\\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.integration.IntegrationAutoConfiguration,\\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jackson.JacksonAutoConfiguration,\\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jdbc.DataSourceAutoConfiguration,\\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jdbc.JdbcTemplateAutoConfiguration,\\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jdbc.JndiDataSourceAutoConfiguration,\\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jdbc.XADataSourceAutoConfiguration,\\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jdbc.DataSourceTransactionManagerAutoConfiguration,\\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jms.JmsAutoConfiguration,\\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jmx.JmxAutoConfiguration,\\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jms.JndiConnectionFactoryAutoConfiguration,\\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jms.activemq.ActiveMQAutoConfiguration,\\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jms.artemis.ArtemisAutoConfiguration,\\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.groovy.template.GroovyTemplateAutoConfiguration,\\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jersey.JerseyAutoConfiguration,\\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jooq.JooqAutoConfiguration,\\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jsonb.JsonbAutoConfiguration,\\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.kafka.KafkaAutoConfiguration,\\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.ldap.embedded.EmbeddedLdapAutoConfiguration,\\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.ldap.LdapAutoConfiguration,\\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.liquibase.LiquibaseAutoConfiguration,\\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.mail.MailSenderAutoConfiguration,\\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.mail.MailSenderValidatorAutoConfiguration,\\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.mongo.embedded.EmbeddedMongoAutoConfiguration,\\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.mongo.MongoAutoConfiguration,\\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.mongo.MongoReactiveAutoConfiguration,\\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.mustache.MustacheAutoConfiguration,\\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.orm.jpa.HibernateJpaAutoConfiguration,\\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.quartz.QuartzAutoConfiguration,\\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.rsocket.RSocketMessagingAutoConfiguration,\\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.rsocket.RSocketRequesterAutoConfiguration,\\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.rsocket.RSocketServerAutoConfiguration,\\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.rsocket.RSocketStrategiesAutoConfiguration,\\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.security.servlet.SecurityAutoConfiguration,\\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.security.servlet.UserDetailsServiceAutoConfiguration,\\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.security.servlet.SecurityFilterAutoConfiguration,\\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.security.reactive.ReactiveSecurityAutoConfiguration,\\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.security.reactive.ReactiveUserDetailsServiceAutoConfiguration,\\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.security.rsocket.RSocketSecurityAutoConfiguration,\\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.security.saml2.Saml2RelyingPartyAutoConfiguration,\\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.sendgrid.SendGridAutoConfiguration,\\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.session.SessionAutoConfiguration,\\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.security.oauth2.client.servlet.OAuth2ClientAutoConfiguration,\\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.security.oauth2.client.reactive.ReactiveOAuth2ClientAutoConfiguration,\\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.security.oauth2.resource.servlet.OAuth2ResourceServerAutoConfiguration,\\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.security.oauth2.resource.reactive.ReactiveOAuth2ResourceServerAutoConfiguration,\\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.solr.SolrAutoConfiguration,\\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.task.TaskExecutionAutoConfiguration,\\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.task.TaskSchedulingAutoConfiguration,\\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.thymeleaf.ThymeleafAutoConfiguration,\\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.transaction.TransactionAutoConfiguration,\\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.transaction.jta.JtaAutoConfiguration,\\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.validation.ValidationAutoConfiguration,\\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.client.RestTemplateAutoConfiguration,\\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.embedded.EmbeddedWebServerFactoryCustomizerAutoConfiguration,\\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.reactive.HttpHandlerAutoConfiguration,\\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.reactive.ReactiveWebServerFactoryAutoConfiguration,\\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.reactive.WebFluxAutoConfiguration,\\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.reactive.error.ErrorWebFluxAutoConfiguration,\\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.reactive.function.client.ClientHttpConnectorAutoConfiguration,\\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.reactive.function.client.WebClientAutoConfiguration,\\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.servlet.DispatcherServletAutoConfiguration,\\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.servlet.ServletWebServerFactoryAutoConfiguration,\\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.servlet.error.ErrorMvcAutoConfiguration,\\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.servlet.HttpEncodingAutoConfiguration,\\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.servlet.MultipartAutoConfiguration,\\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.servlet.WebMvcAutoConfiguration,\\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.websocket.reactive.WebSocketReactiveAutoConfiguration,\\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.websocket.servlet.WebSocketServletAutoConfiguration,\\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.websocket.servlet.WebSocketMessagingAutoConfiguration,\\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.webservices.WebServicesAutoConfiguration,\\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.webservices.client.WebServiceTemplateAutoConfiguration

# Failure analyzers
org.springframework.boot.diagnostics.FailureAnalyzer=\\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.diagnostics.analyzer.NoSuchBeanDefinitionFailureAnalyzer,\\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.flyway.FlywayMigrationScriptMissingFailureAnalyzer,\\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jdbc.DataSourceBeanCreationFailureAnalyzer,\\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jdbc.HikariDriverConfigurationFailureAnalyzer,\\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.session.NonUniqueSessionRepositoryFailureAnalyzer

# Template availability providers
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.template.TemplateAvailabilityProvider=\\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.freemarker.FreeMarkerTemplateAvailabilityProvider,\\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.mustache.MustacheTemplateAvailabilityProvider,\\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.groovy.template.GroovyTemplateAvailabilityProvider,\\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.thymeleaf.ThymeleafTemplateAvailabilityProvider,\\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.servlet.JspTemplateAvailabilityProvider

3.4 loadSpringFactories

private static Map<String, List<String>> loadSpringFactories(@Nullable ClassLoader classLoader) 
    //到缓存中读取
    MultiValueMap<String, String> result = cache.get(classLoader);
    //如果存在则直接返回
    if (result != null) 
        return result;
    

    try 
        //获取所以jar包META-INF/spring.factories对应的URL
        Enumeration<URL> urls = (classLoader != null ?
                                 classLoader.getResources(FACTORIES_RESOURCE_LOCATION) :
                                 ClassLoader.getSystemResources(FACTORIES_RESOURCE_LOCATION));
        result = new LinkedMultiValueMap<>();
        //遍历数据
        while (urls.hasMoreElements()) 
            URL url = urls.nextElement();
            //获取到资源数据
            UrlResource resource = new UrlResource(url);
            //加载配置文件
            Properties properties = PropertiesLoaderUtils.loadProperties(resource);
            //遍历解析配置文件
            for (Map.Entry<?, ?> entry : properties.entrySet()) 
                String factoryTypeName = ((String) entry.getKey()).trim();
                for (String factoryImplementationName : StringUtils.commaDelimitedListToStringArray((String) entry.getValue())) 
                    //将spring.factories配置文件数据放进结果集
                    result.add(factoryTypeName, factoryImplementationName.trim());
                
            
        
        //加入缓存
        cache.put(classLoader, result);
        //返回结果
        return result;
    
    catch (IOException ex) 
        throw new IllegalArgumentException("Unable to load factories from location [" +
                                           FACTORIES_RESOURCE_LOCATION + "]", ex);

读取完spring.factories后，把读取到的内容(13个key)存储到枚举类中，然后遍历枚举类，将里边内容都add到一个map(result)里边去,最后把classloader以及遍历的结果都放入cache中，提高加载资源的效率。

3.5 createSpringFactoriesInstances

private <T> List<T> createSpringFactoriesInstances(Class<T> type, Class<?>[] parameterTypes,
                                                   ClassLoader classLoader, Object[] args, Set<String> names) 
    List<T> instances = new ArrayList<>(names.size());
    for (String name : names) 
        try 
            Class<?> instanceClass = ClassUtils.forName(name, classLoader);
            Assert.isAssignable(type, instanceClass);
            //获取构造方法
            Constructor<?> constructor = instanceClass.getDeclaredConstructor(parameterTypes);
            //实例化对象
            T instance = (T) BeanUtils.instantiateClass(constructor, args);
            //加入instances实例列表
            instances.add(instance);
         catch (Throwable ex) 
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Cannot instantiate " + type + " : " + name, ex);
        
    
    return instances;

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