Docker For Windows 安装配置及常用维护

Posted 2022-12-13

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1.简介

容器技术最早是从Linux 环境产生并持续发展，Windows 是在新的 CEO 上台后才开始转向开源并拥抱Linux。容器相对虚拟化更轻量，资源占用更少。

虽然Linux 环境有 Mono 组件可以实现 .net 架构的资源配置与使用，但是兼容性和复杂性也让快速搭建开发和测试环境的想法难以实现。

Windows 系统原生支撑容器是最简便的方法，可以在不更改 .net 开发和配置文件的前提下快速实现 IIS 组件的部署配置。

2.Docker安装与卸载

2.1.图形界面安装

下载Docker，一直下一步，安装好如下图： https://download.docker.com/win/stable/Docker%20for%20Windows%20Installer.exe

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配置国内镜像加速站点（需要注册一个账号）

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配置容器的网络，按实际需求来配置调整，这里用默认

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查看版本输入：docker --version

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2.2.PowerShell安装

参考微软官网
https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/virtualization/windowscontainers/quick-start/quick-start-windows-server

Install-Module -Name DockerMsftProvider -Repository PSGallery -Force

Install-Package -Name docker -ProviderName DockerMsftProvider

提示出错了

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手动下载docker-18-09-8.zip放到C:\\Users\\Administrator\\AppData\\Local\\Temp\\DockerMsftProvider，重新运行

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重启服务器

Restart-Computer -Force

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2.3.卸载Docker

Uninstall-Package -Name docker -ProviderName DockerMsftProvider Uninstall-Module -Name DockerMsftProvider

清理数据和组件

清除网络

Get-HNSNetwork \| Remove-HNSNetwork

清除数据

Remove-Item "C:\\ProgramData\\Docker" -Recurse

清除容器和Hyper-V功能

Remove-WindowsFeature Containers Remove-WindowsFeature Hyper-V

重启系统

重启系统完成卸载和清理

Restart-Computer -Force

3.Docker 命令

Usage: docker [OPTIONS] COMMAND A self-sufficient runtime for containers Options: --config string Location of client config files (default "C:\\\\Users\\\\01Administrator\\\\.docker") -c, --context string Name of the context to use to connect to the daemon (overrides DOCKER_HOST env var and default context set with "docker context use") -D, --debug Enable debug mode -H, --host list Daemon socket(s) to connect to -l, --log-level string Set the logging level ("debug"\|"info"\|"warn"\|"error"\|"fatal") (default "info") --tls Use TLS; implied by --tlsverify --tlscacert string Trust certs signed only by this CA (default "C:\\\\Users\\\\01Administrator\\\\.docker\\\\ca.pem") --tlscert string Path to TLS certificate file (default "C:\\\\Users\\\\01Administrator\\\\.docker\\\\cert.pem") --tlskey string Path to TLS key file (default "C:\\\\Users\\\\01Administrator\\\\.docker\\\\key.pem") --tlsverify Use TLS and verify the remote -v, --version Print version information and quit Management Commands: builder Manage builds config Manage Docker configs container Manage containers context Manage contexts image Manage images network Manage networks node Manage Swarm nodes plugin Manage plugins secret Manage Docker secrets service Manage services stack Manage Docker stacks swarm Manage Swarm system Manage Docker trust Manage trust on Docker images volume Manage volumes Commands: attach Attach local standard input, output, and error streams to a running container build Build an image from a Dockerfile commit Create a new image from a containers changes cp Copy files/folders between a container and the local filesystem create Create a new container diff Inspect changes to files or directories on a containers filesystem events Get real time events from the server exec Run a command in a running container export Export a containers filesystem as a tar archive history Show the history of an image images List images import Import the contents from a tarball to create a filesystem image info Display system-wide information inspect Return low-level information on Docker objects kill Kill one or more running containers load Load an image from a tar archive or STDIN login Log in to a Docker registry logout Log out from a Docker registry logs Fetch the logs of a container pause Pause all processes within one or more containers port List port mappings or a specific mapping for the container ps List containers pull Pull an image or a repository from a registry push Push an image or a repository to a registry rename Rename a container restart Restart one or more containers rm Remove one or more containers rmi Remove one or more images run Run a command in a new container save Save one or more images to a tar archive (streamed to STDOUT by default) search Search the Docker Hub for images start Start one or more stopped containers stats Display a live stream of container(s) resource usage statistics stop Stop one or more running containers tag Create a tag TARGET_IMAGE that refers to SOURCE_IMAGE top Display the running processes of a container unpause Unpause all processes within one or more containers update Update configuration of one or more containers version Show the Docker version information wait Block until one or more containers stop, then print their exit codes Run docker COMMAND --help for more information on a command.

Usage:  docker [OPTIONS] COMMAND

A self-sufficient runtime for containers

Options:
      --config string      Location of client config files (default
                           "C:\\\\Users\\\\01Administrator\\\\.docker")
  -c, --context string     Name of the context to use to connect to the
                           daemon (overrides DOCKER_HOST env var and
                           default context set with "docker context use")
  -D, --debug              Enable debug mode
  -H, --host list          Daemon socket(s) to connect to
  -l, --log-level string   Set the logging level
                           ("debug"|"info"|"warn"|"error"|"fatal")
                           (default "info")
      --tls                Use TLS; implied by --tlsverify
      --tlscacert string   Trust certs signed only by this CA (default
                           "C:\\\\Users\\\\01Administrator\\\\.docker\\\\ca.pem")
      --tlscert string     Path to TLS certificate file (default
                           "C:\\\\Users\\\\01Administrator\\\\.docker\\\\cert.pem")
      --tlskey string      Path to TLS key file (default
                           "C:\\\\Users\\\\01Administrator\\\\.docker\\\\key.pem")
      --tlsverify          Use TLS and verify the remote
  -v, --version            Print version information and quit

Management Commands:
  builder     Manage builds
  config      Manage Docker configs
  container   Manage containers
  context     Manage contexts
  image       Manage images
  network     Manage networks
  node        Manage Swarm nodes
  plugin      Manage plugins
  secret      Manage Docker secrets
  service     Manage services
  stack       Manage Docker stacks
  swarm       Manage Swarm
  system      Manage Docker
  trust       Manage trust on Docker images
  volume      Manage volumes

Commands:
  attach      Attach local standard input, output, and error streams to a running container
  build       Build an image from a Dockerfile
  commit      Create a new image from a containers changes
  cp          Copy files/folders between a container and the local filesystem
  create      Create a new container
  diff        Inspect changes to files or directories on a containers filesystem
  events      Get real time events from the server
  exec        Run a command in a running container
  export      Export a containers filesystem as a tar archive
  history     Show the history of an image
  images      List images
  import      Import the contents from a tarball to create a filesystem image
  info        Display system-wide information
  inspect     Return low-level information on Docker objects
  kill        Kill one or more running containers
  load        Load an image from a tar archive or STDIN
  login       Log in to a Docker registry
  logout      Log out from a Docker registry
  logs        Fetch the logs of a container
  pause       Pause all processes within one or more containers
  port        List port mappings or a specific mapping for the container
  ps          List containers
  pull        Pull an image or a repository from a registry
  push        Push an image or a repository to a registry
  rename      Rename a container
  restart     Restart one or more containers
  rm          Remove one or more containers
  rmi         Remove one or more images
  run         Run a command in a new container
  save        Save one or more images to a tar archive (streamed to STDOUT by default)
  search      Search the Docker Hub for images
  start       Start one or more stopped containers
  stats       Display a live stream of container(s) resource usage statistics
  stop        Stop one or more running containers
  tag         Create a tag TARGET_IMAGE that refers to SOURCE_IMAGE
  top         Display the running processes of a container
  unpause     Unpause all processes within one or more containers
  update      Update configuration of one or more containers
  version     Show the Docker version information
  wait        Block until one or more containers stop, then print their exit codes

Run docker COMMAND --help for more information on a command.

3.1.搜索镜像

docker search iis

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3.2.下载镜像

docker pull microsoft/aspnet

3.3.查看下载到镜像

docker images

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3.4.启用容器

docker run -ti -d --restart=always --name web_test_mpostools -p 58043:8832 -v E:\\Docker-IIS\\web_test_mpostools:C:\\inetpub\\wwwroot -v E:\\Docker-IIS-Logs\\web_test_mpostools:C:\\inetpub\\logs\\LogFiles microsoft/iis

docker run -ti -d --restart=always --name web_test_mpostools -p 58043:8832 -v E:\\Docker-IIS\\web_test_mpostools:C:\\inetpub\\wwwroot -v  E:\\Docker-IIS-Logs\\web_test_mpostools:C:\\inetpub\\logs\\LogFiles  microsoft/iis

注：把容器目录C:\\inetpub\\wwwroot映射到宿主机D:\\Docker-IIS\\My-IIS2\\www这两个目录的内容是同步的

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3.5.进入容器

docker exec -it cf0b277dbfde cmd

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