Prometheus监控之Blackbox_exporter

Posted 2022-12-13

一、简介

Blackbox_exporter是Prometheus官方提供的一个exporter，可以监控HTTP，HTTPS，DNS，TCP，ICMP和gRPC等目标实例，从而实现对被监控节点进行监控和数据采集。

下载地址：
https://github.com/prometheus/blackbox_exporter

tar -xvf blackbox_exporter-0.22.0.linux-amd64.tar.gz
mv blackbox_exporter-0.22.0.linux-amd64 blackbox_exporter
/usr/local/blackbox_exporter/blackbox_exporter \\
    --config.file="/usr/local/blackbox_exporter/blackbox.yml" \\
    --web.listen-address="10.10.10.10:9115" &>blackbox_exporter.log &

启动参数有
--web.config.file="" #就可以配置TLS
--web.listen-address="10.10.10.10:9115" #指定ip和端口

设置开机自启
vi /usr/lib/systemd/system/blackbox_exporter.service
[Unit]
Description=Prometheus blackbox exporter
After=network.target

[Service]
Type=simple
User=root
Group=root
Restart=on-failure
ExecStart=/usr/local/blackbox_exporter/blackbox_exporter \\
    --config.file="/usr/local/blackbox_exporter/blackbox.yml" \\
    --web.listen-address="10.10.10.10:9115"

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl restart blackbox_exporter.service

二、搭建

blackbox_exporter的监控，包括URL，ICMP，TCP等。都是先在prometheus设置监控内容，再转发到blackbox_exporter的地址，最后得出监控结果。

1、URL监控

在prometheus服务器添加url监控工作，末尾指定blackbox_exporter地址：
scrape_configs:
  - job_name: blackbox
    metrics_path: /probe
    params:
      module: [http_2xx]  # Look for a HTTP 200 response.
    static_configs:
      - targets:
        - http://baidu.com    # Target to probe with http.
        - https://baidu.com   # Target to probe with https.
        - http://example.com:8080 # Target to probe with http on port 8080.
    relabel_configs:
      - source_labels: [__address__]
        target_label: __param_target
      - source_labels: [__param_target]
        target_label: instance
      - target_label: __address__
        replacement: 10.10.10.10:9115  # The blackbox exporters real hostname:port.
        
在blackbox_exporter服务器查看最近URL探测：

2、ICPM监控

ICMP就是Ping使用的协议，可以探测IP是否在线：
scrape_configs:
  - job_name: ping_status
    metrics_path: /probe
    params:
      module: [icmp] 
    static_configs:
      - targets:
        - 192.168.10.131
        - 192.168.10.132
        - 192.168.10.133
        labels: 
          instance: ping_status
          group: icmp
    relabel_configs:
      - source_labels: [__address__]
        target_label: __param_target
      - source_labels: [__param_target]
        target_label: ip
      - target_label: __address__
        replacement: 10.10.10.10:9115
        
在blackbox_exporter服务器查看最近ICMP探测：

3、PORT监控

Port端口用于检测服务器端口是否开启，服务是否可用：
scrape_configs:
  - job_name: port_status
    metrics_path: /probe
    params:
      module: [tcp_connect] 
    static_configs:
      - targets: [192.168.10.131:22,192.168.10.132:3306,192.168.10.133:8080]
        labels: 
          instance: port_status
          group: port
    relabel_configs:
      - source_labels: [__address__]
        target_label: __param_target
      - source_labels: [__param_target]
        target_label: ip
      - target_label: __address__
        replacement: 10.10.10.10:9115

在blackbox_exporter服务器查看最近Port探测：