Katherine Mansefield是谁？啥时候出生的？

Posted 2023-05-11

参考技术A 　　凯瑟琳曼斯菲尔德
　　三人行英语www.english3.net三人行英语www.english3.net
　　Katherine Mansfield凯瑟琳曼斯菲尔德
　　曼斯菲尔德曼斯菲尔德
　　1888-1923 1888年至1923年
　　New Zealand's most famous writer, who was closely associated with DH Lawrence and something of a rival of Virginia Woolf.新西兰最著名的作家，谁是密切劳伦斯和弗吉尼亚伍尔夫的竞争对手相关的东西。 Mansfield's creative years were burdened with loneliness, illness, jealousy, alienation - all this reflected in her work with the bitter depiction of marital and family relationships of her middle-class characters.曼斯菲尔德的创作年是背负着孤独，疾病，嫉妒，异化-这一切在她与痛苦的描写反映的工作，婚姻和家庭关系，她的中产阶级字符。 Her short stories are also notable for their use of stream of consciousness.她的短篇小说也显着他们的意识流使用。 Like the Russian writer Anton Chekhov, Mansfield depicted trivial events and subtle changes in human behavior.像俄国作家契诃夫，曼斯菲尔德描述琐碎事件和人类行为的微妙变化。
　　"Henry was a great fellow for books. He did not read many nor did he possess above half a dozen. He looked at all in the Charing Cross Road during lunch-time and at any odd time in London; the quantity with which he was on nodding terms was amazing. By his clean neat handling of them and by his nice choice of phrase when discussing them with one or another bookseller you would have thought that he had taken his pap with a tome propped before his nurse's bosom. But you would have been wrong." “亨利是一个伟大的同胞书。他并没有看过很多，他也有半打以上。他望着在查林十字道，在午餐时间，在任何时间，在伦敦多，数量与他所在点头条件是惊人的。通过他的干净整洁，他们处理和他的漂亮的短语时，讨论他们的选择与一个或一个你会以为他已经同他的前护士的怀抱支撑一托梅他爸爸书商。但是，你会都是错误的。“ (from 'Something Childish But Very Natural') （从'幼稚的东西，但很自然的'）
　　Katherine Mansfield was born in Wellington, New Zealand, into a middle-class colonial family.凯瑟琳曼斯菲尔德出生于新西兰惠灵顿，成为一个中产阶级家庭的殖民地。 Her father, Harold Beauchamp, was a banker and her mother, Annie Burnell Dyer, was of genteel origins.她的父亲，哈罗德波尚是一个银行家和她的母亲，安妮Burnell戴尔，是上流社会的起源。 She lived for six years in the rural village of Karori.她生活了六年，在卡罗里农村年。 Later on Mansfield said "I imagine I was always writing. Twaddle it was, too. But better far write twaddle or anything, anything, than nothing at all."后来曼斯菲尔德说：“我想我一直在创作。废话是也。好远，但写废话，或任何东西，没有什么比在所有。” At the age of nine she had her first text published.在9岁，她有她的第一个文本出版。 As a first step to her rebellion against her background, she withdrew to London in 1903 and studied at Queen's College, where she joined the staff of the College Magazine.作为第一步，她对她的背景叛乱，她退出伦敦，1903年和皇仁书院，学习，她加入了学院杂志的工作人员。 Back in New Zealand in 1906, she then took up music, and had affairs with both men and women.回到新西兰于1906年，她接手的音乐，并与男子和妇女事务。 Her father denied her the opportunity to become a professional cello player - she was an accomplished violoncellist.她的父亲不让她有机会成为一名职业球员大提琴-她是一个完成的大提琴家。 In 1908 she studied typing and bookkeeping at Wellington Technical College. 1908年，她在学习打字和簿记惠灵顿技术学院。 Her lifelong friend Ida Baker (LM, Leslie Moore in her diary and correspondence) persuaded Mansfield's father to allow Katherine to move back to England, with an allowance of £100 a year.她终生的朋友井田贝克在她的日记和书信（流明，莱斯利摩尔）说服曼斯菲尔德的父亲，让凯瑟琳搬回英国，用100英镑津贴一年。 There she devoted herself to writing.在那里，她卖力写作。 Mansfield never visited New Zealand again.曼斯菲尔德从未到过新西兰一次。
　　After an unhappy marriage in 1909 to George Brown, whom she left a few days after the wedding, Mansfield toured for a while as an extra in opera.在1909年后，不幸的婚姻乔治布朗，被她几天后离开了婚礼，曼斯菲尔德参观了一段时间，作为额外的歌剧。 Before the marriage she had an affair with Garnett Trowell, a musician, and became pregnant.结婚前，她曾与加内特特罗威尔，音乐家，和怀孕的事。 In Bavaria, where Mansfield spent some time, she suffered a miscarriage.在德国巴伐利亚州曼斯菲尔德花了一些时间，她遭到了流产。 During her stay in Germany she wrote satirical sketches of German characters, which were published in 1911 under the title In a German Pension.在她在德国逗留期间，她写了德语字符，其中在1911年出版的德国的退休金在标题讽刺草图。 Earlier her stories had appeared in The New Age.此前她的故事曾经出现在新的时代。 On her return to London in 1910, Mansfield became ill with an untreated sexually transmitted disease, a condition which contributed to her weak health for the rest of her life.在她1910年返回伦敦，曼斯菲尔德病倒与治疗性传播疾病，这种情况这有助于她对她的余生薄弱的卫生。 She attended literary parties without much enthusiasm: "Pretty rooms and pretty people, pretty coffee, and cigarettes out of a silver tankard... I was wretched."她没有太多的热情参加文学各方：“美丽的房间，漂亮的人，漂亮的咖啡和香烟，啤酒杯银出...我是可怜的。”
　　In 1911 Mansfield met John Middleton Murray, a Socialist and former literary critic, who was first a tenant in her flat, then her lover.曼斯菲尔德在1911年会见了约翰米德尔顿穆雷，社会主义和前文学评论家，谁是第一个在她的住宅，然后她的情人房客。 Mansfield co-edited and contributed to a series of journals.曼斯菲尔德共同编辑并促成了一系列的期刊。 Until 1914 she published stories in Rhythm and The Blue Review.直到1914年她出版的节奏和蓝审查的故事。 During the war she travelled restlessly between England and France.战争期间，她前往英国和法国之间的躁动。 In 1915 she met her brother "Chummie". 1915年，她遇到了她的兄弟“Chummie”。 When he died in World War I, Mansfield focused her writing on New Zealand and her family.当他在第一次世界大战中死亡，她的曼斯菲尔德集中在新西兰和她的家人写作。 'Prelude' (1916), one of her most famous stories, was written during this period. '前奏曲'（1916年），她最有名的故事之一，在此期间写。 In 1918 Mansfield divorced her first husband and married John Murray.曼斯菲尔德在1918年她的第一任丈夫离婚和结婚约翰默里。 In the same year she was found to have tuberculosis.同年，她被发现患有肺结核。
　　Mansfied and Murray became closely associated with DH Lawrence and his wife Frieda. Mansfied及美利了密切的联系劳伦斯和他的妻子弗丽达。 When Murray had an affair with the Princess Bibesco (née Asquith), Mansfield objected not to the affair but to her letters to Murray: "I am afraid you must stop writing these love letters to my husband while he and I live together. It is one of the things which is not done in our world."当穆雷曾与公主比贝斯科（姓阿斯奎斯）的事，不反对曼斯菲尔德的事，但她的信，默里说：“我恐怕你必须停止写这些情书，我的丈夫，而我和他生活在一起。这是的，而这并不是我们的世界所做的事情之一。“ (from a letter to Princess Bibesco, 1921) （从信公主比贝斯科，1921年）
　　In her last years Mansfield lived much of her time in southern France and in Switzerland, seeking relief from tuberculosis.在过去几年中，她住曼斯菲尔德她在法国南部和瑞士的许多时间，实事求是，结核病救济。 As a part of her treatment in 1922 at an institute, Mansfield had to spend a few hours every day on a platform suspended over a cow manger.由于她治疗的一部分，在1922年的研究所，曼斯菲尔德不得不花费超过牛马槽停牌平台每天几个小时。 She breathed odors emanating from below but the treatment did no good.她一口气从下面产生的气味，但治疗没有任何好处。 Without the company of her literary friends, family, or her husband, she wrote much about her own roots and her childhood.如果没有她的文学朋友，家人，公司或她的丈夫，她说很多关于她自己的根，她的童年。 Mansfield died of a pulmonary hemorrhage on January 9, 1923, in Gurdjieff Institute, near Fontainebleau, France.曼斯菲尔德死于肺出血于1923年1月9日，在葛吉夫学院附近的法国枫丹白露。 Her last words were: "I love the rain. I want the feeling of it on my face."她的最后一句话是：“我爱雨。我想我面对它的感觉。”
　　Mansfield's family memoirs were collected in Bliss (1920), which secured her reputation as a writer.曼斯菲尔德的家庭收集的回忆录布利斯（1920年），有担保她作为一个作家的声誉。 In the next two years she did her best work, the peak of her achievement being the Garden Party (1922), which she wrote during the final stages of her illness.在未来两年她极力的工作，这是她作为园党（1922年），这是她在她生病的最后阶段写道成就的高峰。 Only three volumes of Mansfield's stories were published during her lifetime.只有3曼斯菲尔德的故事出版了在她的一生。 'Miss Brill' was about a woman who enjoys the beginning of the Season. '丽尔小姐'是一个女人谁得到了季节的开始。 She goes to her "special" seat with her fur.她去她的“特殊”的座位与她的皮毛。 She had taken it out of its box in the afternoon, shaken off the moth-powder, and given it a brush.她采取了出来其在下午框，摆脱了蛾粉，并给它一刷。 She feels that she has a part in the play in the park, and somebody will notice if she isn't there.她认为，她在在公园玩的一部分，有人会发现，如果她不存在。 A couple sits near her.一对夫妇坐在靠近她。 The girl laughs at her fur and the man says: "Why does she come here at all - who wants her? Why doesn't she keep her silly old mug at home?"那女孩笑她的皮毛，该名男子说：“她为什么来这里的一切-谁希望她？她为何不留在国内，她傻老杯？” Miss Brill hurries back home, unclasps the neckpiece quickly, and puts it in the box.布里尔小姐赶紧回家，unclasps的neckpiece迅速，并提出在箱子里。 "But when she put the lid on she thought she heard something crying." “但是，当她把盖在她以为她听到了哭泣。” In 'The Garden Party' (1921) an extravagant garden-party is arranged on a beautiful day.在'花园党'（1921年）一个奢侈的花园式的党是安排在一个美丽的一天。 Laura, the daughter of the party's hostess, hears of the accidental death of a young local working-class man, Mr. Scott.劳拉，党的女主人的女儿，听到了一个年轻的本地工作意外死亡一流的男子，Scott先生。 The man lived in the neighborhood.该名男子住在附近。 Laura wants to cancel the party, but her mother refuses to understand.劳拉要取消党，但她的母亲拒绝理解。 She fills a basket with sandwiches, cakes, pastries and other food, goes to the widow's house, and sees the dead man in the bedroom where he is lying.她填补了三明治，糕点等食品篮子，去到寡妇家的房子，在卧室里看到了死者，他是在说谎。 "He was wonderful, beautiful. While they were laughing and while the band was playing, this marvel had come to the lane." “他是美好的，美好的。当他们笑着，而乐队演奏，这一奇迹已到了线。” Crying she tells her brother who is looking for her: "'It was simply marvellous. But, Laurie - ' She stopped, she looked at her brother. 'Isn't life,' she stammered, 'isn't life - ' But what life was she couldn't explain. No matter. He quite understood."哭泣，她告诉她的哥哥是谁她说：“'，这是了不起的只是寻找。但是，劳里- '她停下来，她在看着她的弟弟。'不是生命，'她结结巴巴地说，'是不是生命- '但我们的生活是她无法解释。不管。他很理解。“
　　Mansfield was greatly influenced by Anton Chekhov, sharing his warm humanity and attention to small details of human behavior.曼斯菲尔德是很大影响契诃夫，分享他的热情和关注人类对人类行为的小细节。 Her influence on the development of the short story as a form of literature was also notable.她对作为一种文学形式短篇小说发展的影响也是明显的。 Among her literary friends were Aldous Huxley, Virginia Woolf, who considered her overpraised, and DH Lawrence, who later turned against Murray and her.在她的文学朋友们赫胥黎，弗吉尼亚伍尔夫，谁认为她过奖，和DH劳伦斯，谁对穆雷和后来变成她。 Mansfield's journal, letters, and scrapbook were edited by her husband.曼斯菲尔德的日记，书信，签名簿的编辑和她的丈夫。
　　For further reading: The Autobiography of John Middleton Murry by JM Murry (1936); Katherine Mansfield by S. Daly (1965); The Fiction of Katherine Mansfield by M. Magalanr (1971); Life of Katherine Mansfield by RE Mantz (1974); Katherine Mansfield: A Biography by Jeffrey Meyers (1978); The Life of Katherine Mansfield by A. Alpers (1980); Katherine Mansfield by C. Hanson and A. Gurr (1981); A Bibliography of Katherine Mansfield by BJ Kirkpatrick (1990); Katherine Mansfield by Jane Phillimore (1990); Katherine Mansfield: A Study of Her Shorter Fiction by JF Kobler (1990); Critical Essays on Katherine Mansfield, ed.为进一步阅读：由JM墨瑞（1936年）;凯瑟琳曼斯菲尔德自传约翰米德尔顿墨瑞由S.戴利（1965年）;的曼斯菲尔德由M. Magalanr（1971）小说，凯瑟琳曼斯菲尔德生活，重新曼茨（1974） ;凯瑟琳曼斯菲尔德：由杰弗里迈耶斯（1978）传记的曼斯菲尔德由A.阿佩尔（1980年）;凯瑟琳曼斯菲尔德的长寿命汉森和A.古尔（1981年）;由北京帕特里克书目凯瑟琳曼斯菲尔德（1990年）;凯瑟琳由Jane菲利莫尔（1990）曼斯菲尔德，凯瑟琳曼斯菲尔德：她的短由JF凯柏勒（1990年）小说研究;在曼斯菲尔德批评文章，编。 by L Rhoda B. Nathan (1993); Katherine Mansfield's Fiction by Patrick D. Morrow (1993); Illness, Gender, and Writing by Mary Burgan (1994); Katherine Mansfield by Saralyn R. Daly (1994); Radical Mansfield : Double Discourse in Katherine Mansfield's Short Stories by Pamela Dunbar (1997); The Critical Response to Katherine Mansfield, ed.由L罗达乙弥敦道（1993年）;凯瑟琳曼斯菲尔德的由Patrick D.莫罗（1993年）小说，疾病，性别，和玛丽布尔干（1994）写作;凯瑟琳曼斯菲尔德的Saralyn河达利（1994）;自由基曼斯菲尔德：双话语凯瑟琳曼斯菲尔德短篇小说由Pamela邓巴（1997年）;的临界反应凯瑟琳曼斯菲尔德，教育署。 by Jan Pilditch (1995); Katherine Mansfield and Virginia Woolf by Angela Smith (1999); Katherine Mansfield: A Literary Life by Angela Smith (2000) - John Middleton Murry (1889-1957), writer and critic, born in London.由Jan皮尔迪奇（1995年）;凯瑟琳曼斯菲尔德和弗吉尼亚伍尔夫的安吉拉史密斯（1999年）;凯瑟琳曼斯菲尔德：由安吉拉史密斯（2000年） -约翰米德尔顿墨瑞（1889至1957年），作家和评论家，在伦敦出生的文学活动。 He studied at Oxford, and edited the Athenaeum (1919-21), Adelphi (1923-48), Peace News (1940-46).他曾在牛津大学，和编辑的雅典娜神殿（1919年至1921年），阿德菲（1923至1948年），和平新闻（1940至1946年）。 His major works include studies on Keats and Shakespeare (1925), DHLawrence (1931), William Blake (1933), and Swift (1954).他的主要作品包括莎士比亚和济慈（1925年），DHLawrence（1931年），布莱克（1933）的研究，以及斯威夫特（1954）。 Towards the end of his life he became interested in agriculture, and he established a community farm in Norfolk.对他生命的最后，他对农业产生了兴趣，他在诺福克建立了社区农场。
　　Selected bibliography:选择书目：
　　• In a German Pension, 1911 •在德国的退休金，1911
　　• Prelude, 1918 - niminovelli suomennettu valikoimassa Preludi (1953) •前奏，1918年- niminovelli suomennettu valikoimassa Preludi（1953）
　　• Bliss, and Other Stories, 1920 •极乐，及其他故事，1920
　　• Garden Party, and Other Stories, 1922 - includes the stories 'Prelude' and 'Je ne parle pas francais' - niminovelli suomennettu valikoimassa Puutarhakutsut (1963) •园游会，及其他故事，1922年-包括故事'前奏曲'和'济东北帕尔双人舞法兰西' - niminovelli suomennettu valikoimassa Puutarhakutsut（1963）
　　• Poems, 1923 •诗，1923
　　• The Dove's Nest, and Other Stories, 1923 •在鸽的巢，及其他故事，1923
　　• Something Childish, and Other Stories, 1924 •东西幼稚，及其他故事，1924
　　• The Journal of Katherine Mansfield, 1927 (ed. by JM Murry) •华尔街日报凯瑟琳曼斯菲尔德，1927年（编按JM墨瑞）
　　• The Letters of Katherine Mansfield, 2 vols., 1928-1929 (ed. by JM Murry) •对凯瑟琳曼斯菲尔德，2卷中的字母。，1928至1929年（编按JM墨瑞）
　　• The Aloe, 1930 •在芦荟，1930
　　• Stories by Katherine Mansfield, 1930 •由凯瑟琳曼斯菲尔德的故事，1930年
　　• Novels and Novelists, 1930 •小说和小说家，1930年
　　• The Scrapbook of Katherine Mansfield, 1939 •在剪贴簿凯瑟琳曼斯菲尔德，1939
　　• Collected Stories, 1945 •收集的故事，1945年
　　• Katherine Mansfield's Letters to J. Middleton Murry, 1951 •凯瑟琳曼斯菲尔德来信至J.米德尔顿墨瑞，1951
　　• Journal of Katherine Mansfield, Definitive Edition, 1954 •杂志曼斯菲尔德，通用版，1954年
　　• The Critical Writings of Katherine Mansfield, 1987 •对凯瑟琳曼斯菲尔德，1987年写作的关键
　　• The Collected Letters of Catherine Mansfield: 1918-1919, 1987 •凯瑟琳曼斯菲尔德的书信集：1918年-1919年，1987年
　　• The Collected Letters of Catherine Mansfield: 1920-1921, 1996 (vol. 4) •凯瑟琳曼斯菲尔德的书信集：1920年-1921年，1996年（第4卷）
　　• The Garden Party: The Collected Short Stories of Katherine Mansfield (vol. 2), 2000 •花园党：收集到的短篇小说凯瑟琳曼斯菲尔德（第2卷），2000
　　• The Dove's Nest: The Collected Short Stories of Katherine Mansfield (vol. 3), 2000 •在鸽子的巢：收集到的短篇小说凯瑟琳曼斯菲尔德（3卷），2000
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这两首歌分别来自美国电影《教父》和意大利电影《天堂电影院》的主题，她的演唱内敛，比电影里的纯音乐更加柔情细腻，别有风味。

下面是百度介绍她的部分内容：

17岁时，凯瑟琳·詹金斯在皇家音乐学院学习期间就获得了奖学金。在该学院学习时，凯瑟琳·詹金斯还学习了意大利语、德语、法语和俄语同时毕业后并获得荣誉学位。她完成课程和获得音乐教师文凭后，通过作为一名自由歌唱教师和发型、时装模特儿赚了些钱。参加青春模特儿大赛后，詹金斯更一度成为了2000年威尔士形象大使，然而她决定更加专注于她的歌唱事业。当环球音乐集团古典与爵士音乐队（UniversalClassics & Jazz）一听到詹金斯的演唱录像带时，就邀请她去参加面试，她演唱的是Unavoce poco fa（罗西尼）。面试之后短短一小时内环球音乐集团就与詹金斯签下了制作1 6专辑的合约。这意味着，在只有23岁的年龄，詹金斯就已经签署了在英国古典音乐历史记录上最大的一份合约，据说这份合同价值100万英镑。环球音乐集团古典音乐队的营销总监说：“她是一个非常专业的、极好的歌手并且拥有一支完全致力于其音乐事业的团队。”