ZooKeeper 常用命令

Posted 2022-11-28 Erik_ly

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文章目录

ZooKeeper 命令行
ACL 访问控制
四字命令
解析日志和快照
参考资料

本文主要介绍 ZooKeeper 的常用命令，包括常用命令行命令、ACL 访问控制、四字命令、解析日志和快照等命令。

ZooKeeper 命令行

连接

全局变量连接当前节点

当集群中的节点已安装 ZooKeeper Client，且 zookeeper-client 为全局环境变量时，可以直接在任意位置使用 zookeeper-client 命令连接当前节点的 ZooKeeper，进入命令行界面。

[root@manager ~]# zookeeper-client
Connecting to localhost:2181
…………

WATCHER::

WatchedEvent state:SyncConnected type:None path:null
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 0]

shell 脚本连接

使用 zkCli.sh 进行连接当前节点 ZooKeeper。

[root@manager bin]# pwd
/usr/hdp/3.0.1.0-187/zookeeper/bin
[root@manager bin]# ll
total 40
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 2155 Nov 23  2019 zkCleanup.sh
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 1709 Nov 23  2019 zkCli.sh
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 2840 Nov 23  2019 zkEnv.sh
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root   12 Nov 23  2019 zkServer-initialize.sh
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 6822 Nov 23  2019 zkServer.sh
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root  304 Nov 23  2019 zookeeper-client
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root  649 Nov 23  2019 zookeeper-server
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root  650 Nov 23  2019 zookeeper-server-cleanup
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root  660 Nov 23  2019 zookeeper-server-initialize
[root@manager bin]# ./zkCli.sh 
Connecting to localhost:2181
…………

WATCHER::

WatchedEvent state:SyncConnected type:None path:null
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 0]

连接某个节点的 ZooKeeper

无论是全局变量或 shell 脚本，都可以使用 -server ip:port 的方法连接到某个节点的 ZooKeeper。

[root@manager ~]# zookeeper-client -server master.bigdata:2181
Connecting to master.bigdata:2181
…………

[root@manager bin]# pwd
/usr/hdp/3.0.1.0-187/zookeeper/bin
[root@manager bin]# ll
total 40
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 2155 Nov 23  2019 zkCleanup.sh
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 1709 Nov 23  2019 zkCli.sh
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 2840 Nov 23  2019 zkEnv.sh
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root   12 Nov 23  2019 zkServer-initialize.sh
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 6822 Nov 23  2019 zkServer.sh
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root  304 Nov 23  2019 zookeeper-client
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root  649 Nov 23  2019 zookeeper-server
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root  650 Nov 23  2019 zookeeper-server-cleanup
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root  660 Nov 23  2019 zookeeper-server-initialize
[root@manager bin]# ./zkCli.sh -server master.bigdata:2181
Connecting to master.bigdata:2181
…………

退出

在 ZooKeeper Client 命令行交互窗口输入 quit，退出命令行界面。

[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 0] quit
Quitting...
2022-01-03 13:51:57,780 - INFO  [main:ZooKeeper@692] - Session: 0x17e03c37bbc0010 closed
2022-01-03 13:51:57,782 - INFO  [main-EventThread:ClientCnxn$EventThread@517] - EventThread shut down
[root@manager ~]#

Znode 基本操作

help 命令

[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 0] help
ZooKeeper -server host:port cmd args
	stat path [watch]
	set path data [version]
	ls path [watch]
	delquota [-n|-b] path
	ls2 path [watch]
	setAcl path acl
	setquota -n|-b val path
	history 
	redo cmdno
	printwatches on|off
	delete path [version]
	sync path
	listquota path
	rmr path
	get path [watch]
	create [-s] [-e] path data acl
	addauth scheme auth
	quit 
	getAcl path
	close 
	connect host:port

列出当前节点的子节点

使用 ls path 查看 znode 节点的子节点

[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 0] ls /
[cluster, controller, brokers, zookeeper, hbase-unsecure, dolphinscheduler, admin, isr_change_notification, log_dir_event_notification, hiveserver2, controller_epoch, hiveserver2-leader, kafka-manager, rmstore, atsv2-hbase-unsecure, ambari-metrics-cluster, consumers, latest_producer_id_block, config]
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 1] ls /brokers
[ids, topics, seqid]
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 2] ls /brokers/ids
[1003, 1002, 1001]
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 3]

获取节点存储内容

使用 get path 获取该节点的存储内容。

[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 3] get /brokers/ids/1001
"listener_security_protocol_map":"PLAINTEXT":"PLAINTEXT","endpoints":["PLAINTEXT://master.bigdata:6667"],"jmx_port":-1,"host":"master.bigdata","timestamp":"1640751404064","port":6667,"version":4
cZxid = 0x60000014a
ctime = Wed Dec 29 12:16:44 CST 2021
mZxid = 0x60000014a
mtime = Wed Dec 29 12:16:44 CST 2021
pZxid = 0x60000014a
cversion = 0
dataVersion = 0
aclVersion = 0
ephemeralOwner = 0x17e03c37bbc0001
dataLength = 198
numChildren = 0
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 4]

获取节点状态

使用 stat path 获取该节点的状态。

[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 4] stat /brokers/ids/1001
cZxid = 0x60000014a
ctime = Wed Dec 29 12:16:44 CST 2021
mZxid = 0x60000014a
mtime = Wed Dec 29 12:16:44 CST 2021
pZxid = 0x60000014a
cversion = 0
dataVersion = 0
aclVersion = 0
ephemeralOwner = 0x17e03c37bbc0001
dataLength = 198
numChildren = 0
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 5]

创建节点

使用 create path data 创建节点。

[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 8] create /t1 test1
Created /t1
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 9] ls /
[cluster, controller, brokers, zookeeper, hbase-unsecure, dolphinscheduler, admin, isr_change_notification, log_dir_event_notification, hiveserver2, controller_epoch, hiveserver2-leader, kafka-manager, rmstore, atsv2-hbase-unsecure, ambari-metrics-cluster, consumers, latest_producer_id_block, config, t1]
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 10] get /t1
test1
cZxid = 0x600001e24
ctime = Mon Jan 03 14:30:20 CST 2022
mZxid = 0x600001e24
mtime = Mon Jan 03 14:30:20 CST 2022
pZxid = 0x600001e24
cversion = 0
dataVersion = 0
aclVersion = 0
ephemeralOwner = 0x0
dataLength = 5
numChildren = 0
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 11]

创建临时节点

使用 create -e path data 创建临时节点。

[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 16] create -e /t1/e1 ephemeral_1
Created /t1/e1
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 17] get /t1/e1                  
ephemeral_1
cZxid = 0x600001e2b
ctime = Mon Jan 03 14:35:17 CST 2022
mZxid = 0x600001e2b
mtime = Mon Jan 03 14:35:17 CST 2022
pZxid = 0x600001e2b
cversion = 0
dataVersion = 0
aclVersion = 0
ephemeralOwner = 0x17e03c37bbc0014
dataLength = 11
numChildren = 0
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 18] quit
Quitting...
2022-01-03 14:35:45,076 - INFO  [main:ZooKeeper@692] - Session: 0x17e03c37bbc0014 closed
2022-01-03 14:35:45,077 - INFO  [main-EventThread:ClientCnxn$EventThread@517] - EventThread shut down

重新登录后 e1 节点消失。

[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 0] ls /t1
[]
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 1]

创建顺序节点

使用 create -s path data 创建顺序节点。

[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 3] create -s /t1/s1 123
Created /t1/s10000000002
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 4] create -s /t1/s1 123
Created /t1/s10000000003
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 5] ls /t1
[s10000000002, s10000000003]

修改节点

使用 set path data 进行修改节点。

[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 1] create /t2 test2
Created /t2
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 3] get /t2
test2
cZxid = 0x600001e99
ctime = Mon Jan 03 16:19:33 CST 2022
mZxid = 0x600001e99
mtime = Mon Jan 03 16:19:33 CST 2022
pZxid = 0x600001e99
cversion = 0
dataVersion = 0
aclVersion = 0
ephemeralOwner = 0x0
dataLength = 5
numChildren = 0
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 4] set /t2 test
cZxid = 0x600001e99
ctime = Mon Jan 03 16:19:33 CST 2022
mZxid = 0x600001e9d
mtime = Mon Jan 03 16:20:48 CST 2022
pZxid = 0x600001e99
cversion = 0
dataVersion = 1
aclVersion = 0
ephemeralOwner = 0x0
dataLength = 4
numChildren = 0
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 5] get /t2
test
cZxid = 0x600001e99
ctime = Mon Jan 03 16:19:33 CST 2022
mZxid = 0x600001e9d
mtime = Mon Jan 03 16:20:48 CST 2022
pZxid = 0x600001e99
cversion = 0
dataVersion = 1
aclVersion = 0
ephemeralOwner = 0x0
dataLength = 4
numChildren = 0
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 6]

删除节点

使用 delete path 删除指定路径的节点；

使用 rmr path 可循环删除路径下的节点。

[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 8] ls /t2
[]
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 9] create /t2/a1 a1
Created /t2/a1
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 10] create /t2/a2 a2
Created /t2/a2
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 11] create /t2/a3 a3
Created /t2/a3
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 12] ls /t2
[a1, a2, a3]
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 13] delete /t2/a1
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 14] ls /t2
[a2, a3]
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 15] rmr /t2
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 16] ls /
[cluster, controller, brokers, zookeeper, hbase-unsecure, dolphinscheduler, admin, isr_change_notification, log_dir_event_notification, hiveserver2, controller_epoch, hiveserver2-leader, kafka-manager, rmstore, atsv2-hbase-unsecure, ambari-metrics-cluster, consumers, latest_producer_id_block, config, t1]
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 17]

设置节点配额

使用 setquota -n|-b val path 可限制节点的值的长度或其子节点的个数。

- -n 限制节点(包含当前节点)的个数为 val

- -b 限制节点值的长度为 val

- path 要限制的节点路径

限制节点数：

[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 1] create /t3 test3
Created /t3
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 2] setquota -n 2 /t3
Comment: the parts are option -n val 2 path /t3
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 3] create /t3/a1 a1
Created /t3/a1
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 4] create /t3/a2 a2
Created /t3/a2
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 5] create /t3/a3 a3
Created /t3/a3
 [zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 6] ls /t3
[a1, a2, a3]
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 7]

超额，不会抛出异常，只是在日志中出现警告信息。

2022-01-03 16:38:33,532 - WARN  [CommitProcessor:1:DataTree@302] - Quota exceeded: /t3 count=3 limit=2
2022-01-03 16:38:40,136 - WARN  [CommitProcessor:1:DataTree@302] - Quota exceeded: /t3 count=4 limit=2

限制节点长度：

[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 9] create /t5 test5
Created /t5
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 10] setquota -b 5 /t5
Comment: the parts are option -b val 5 path /t5
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 11] create /t5/abc abc
Created /t5/abc
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 12] create /t5/abcdef abcdef
Created /t5/abcdef
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 13] ls /t5
[abcdef, abc]
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 14]

同样，超出显示也不会报错，只是在日志中出现警告信息。

2022-01-03 16:59:33,229 - WARN  [CommitProcessor:1:DataTree@348] - Quota exceeded: /t5 bytes=8 limit=5
2022-01-03 16:59:45,076 - WARN  [CommitProcessor:1:DataTree@348] - Quota exceeded: /t5 bytes=14 limit=5

查看节点配额

[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 7] listquota /t3
absolute path is /zookeeper/quota/t3/zookeeper_limits
Output quota for /t3 count=2,bytes=-1
Output stat for /t3 count=4,bytes=11
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 8] 

[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 14] listquota /t5
absolute path is /zookeeper/quota/t5/zookeeper_limits
Output quota for /t5 count=-1,bytes=5
Output stat for /t5 count=3,bytes=14
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 15]

删除节点配额

使用 delquota [-n|-b] path 删除配额信息

[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 15] delquota -n /t3
 
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 18] delquota -b /t5

列出历史操作命令

[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 22] history
12 - create /t5/abcdef abcdef
13 - ls /t5
14 - listquota /t5
15 - delquota -n /t3
16 - listquota /t3
17 - delquota -b4 /t5
18 - delquota -b /t5
19 - listquota /t5
20 - ls /t3
21 - create /t3/a4 a4
22 - history
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 23]

重新执行 history 中的命令

使用 redo cmdno 可以重新执行history中的命令

[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 23] redo 20
[a1, a2, a3, a4]
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 24]

连接其他服务器

使用 connect host:port 可以连接其他服务器。

[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 0] connect master.bigdata:2181
2022-01-03 17:15:37,507 - INFO  [main:ZooKeeper@692] - Session: 0x17e03c37bbc001a closed
2022-01-03 17:15:37,507 - INFO  [main:ZooKeeper@438] - Initiating client connection, connectString=master.bigdata:2181 sessionTimeout=30000 watcher=org.apache.zookeeper.ZooKeeperMain$MyWatcher@1c655221
…………

WATCHER::

WatchedEvent state:SyncConnected type:None path:null

[zk: master.bigdata:2181(CONNECTED) 1] ls /
[cluster, t5, controller, brokers, zookeeper, hbase-unsecure, dolphinscheduler, admin, isr_change_notification, log_dir_event_notification, hiveserver2, controller_epoch, hiveserver2-leader, kafka-manager, rmstore, atsv2-hbase-unsecure, ambari-metrics-cluster, consumers, latest_producer_id_block, config, t1, t3]
[zk: master.bigdata:2181(CONNECTED) 2] close
2022-01-03 17:16:08,866 - INFO  [main:ZooKeeper@692] - Session: 0x27e03c37a4f000c closed
[zk: master.bigdata:2181(CLOSED) 3] 2022-01-03 17:16:08,867 - INFO  [main-EventThread:ClientCnxn$EventThread@517] - EventThread shut down

[zk: master.bigdata:2181(CLOSED) 3] quit
Quitting...
[root@manager bin]#

ACL 访问控制

概述

Zookeeper类似于unix文件系统，节点类比文件，客户端可以删除节点，创建节点，修改节点。Zookeeper可以使用ACL（access control list）访问控制列表来对节点的权限进行控制。

acl 权限控制使用：scheme id permission 来标志，主要涵盖三个方面：

权限模式（scheme）：授权的策略。
权限对象（id）：授权的对象。
权限（permission）：授予的权限。

权限模式种类

模式	描述
world	这种模式方法的授权对象只有一个anyone，代表登录到服务器的所有客户端都能对该节点执行某种权限
ip	对连接的客户端使用IP地址认证方式进行认证
auth	使用以添加认证的用户进行认证
digest	使用用户:密码方式验证

权限的类型

类型	ACL简写	描述
read	r	读取节点及显示子节点列表的权限
write	w	设置节点数据的权限
create	c	创建子节点的权限
delete	d	删除子节点的权限
admin	a	设置该节点ACL权限的权限

关于授权的命令

命令	用法	描述
getAcl	getAcl path	读取节点的 ACL
setAcl	setAcl path acl	设置节点的 ACL
create	create path data acl	创建节点时设置 ACL
addAuth	addAuth scheme auth	添加认证用户，类似于登录操作

示例

[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 4] create /test/ta t1
Created /test/ta
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 5] getAcl /test/ta
'world,'anyone
: cdrwa
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 6]
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 6] setAcl /test/ta world:anyone:cdwa
cZxid = 0x800000093
ctime = Tue Mar 22 15:38:03 CST 2022
mZxid = 0x800000093
mtime = Tue Mar 22 15:38:03 CST 2022
pZxid = 0x800000093
cversion = 0
dataVersion = 0
aclVersion = 1
ephemeralOwner = 0x0
dataLength = 2
numChildren = 0
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 7] getAcl /test/ta
'world,'anyone
: cdwa
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 8] get /test/ta
Authentication is not valid : /test/ta
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 9] 
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 9] setAcl /test/ta world:anyone:cdrwa
cZxid = 0x800000093
ctime = Tue Mar 22 15:38:03 CST 2022
mZxid = 0x800000093
mtime = Tue Mar 22 15:38:03 CST 2022
pZxid = 0x800000093
cversion = 0
dataVersion = 0
aclVersion = 2
ephemeralOwner = 0x0
dataLength = 2
numChildren = 0
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 10] get /test/ta                      
t1
cZxid = 0x800000093
ctime = Tue Mar 22 15:38:03 CST 2022
mZxid = 0x800000093
mtime = Tue Mar 22 15:38:03 CST 2022
pZxid = 0x800000093
cversion = 0
dataVersion = 0
aclVersion = 2
ephemeralOwner = 0x0
dataLength = 2
numChildren = 0
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 11]

[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 16] create /test2 t2
Created /test2
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 18] 
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 18] addauth digest hdfs:123456   
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 19] setAcl /test2 auth:hdfs:cdrwa
cZxid = 0x800000099
ctime = Tue Mar 22 15:46:58 CST 2022
mZxid = 0x800000099
mtime = Tue Mar 22 15:46:58 CST 2022
pZxid = 0x800000099
cversion = 0
dataVersion = 0
aclVersion = 1
ephemeralOwner = 0x0
dataLength = 2
numChildren = 0
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 20] 
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 20] getAcl /test2
'digest,'hdfs:w071ZtmzC5+0fMHyY6QQSDnW3YY=
: cdrwa
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 21]

四字命令

启用四字命令

在配置文件 zoo.cfg 添加如下配置：

4lw.commands.whitelist=*

conf

打印服务配置详细信息。

[root@manager ~]# echo conf | nc 127.0.0.1 2181
clientPort=2181
dataDir=/hadoop/zookeeper/version-2
dataLogDir=/hadoop/zookeeper/version-2
tickTime=3000
maxClientCnxns=60
minSessionTimeout=6000
maxSessionTimeout=60000
serverId=1
initLimit=10
syncLimit=5
electionAlg=3
electionPort=3888
quorumPort=2888
peerType=0
[root@manager ~]#

cons

列出连接到此服务器的所有客户端的完整连接/会话详细信息。

[root@manager80 ~]# echo cons | nc 127.0.0.1 2181
 /127.0.0.1:56412[0](queued=0,recved=1,sent=0)
 /10.180.249.80:36610[1](queued=0,recved=11248,sent=11248,sid=0x200000487520016,lop=PING,est=1648707979813,to=60000,lcxid=0x941,lzxid=0xffffffffffffffff,lresp=180432277,llat=0,minlat=0,avglat=0,maxlat=4)
 /10.180.249.81:57640[1](queued=0,recved=8882,sent=8884,sid=0x100002b03ce0000,lop=PING,est=1648707956970,to=60000,lcxid=0x7,lzxid=0xffffffffffffffff,lresp=180429864,llat=0,minlat=0,avglat=0,maxlat=10)
 /10.180.249.81:57642[1](queued=0,recved=9023,sent=9036,sid=0x30000047001000a,lop=PING,est=1648707956983,to=60000,lcxid=0x5a0,lzxid=0xffffffffffffffff,lresp=180440871,llat=0,minlat=0,avglat=0,maxlat=18)
 /10.180.249.80:36612[1]

envi

打印有关服务环境的详细信息。

[root@manager80 ~]# echo envi |nc 127.0.0.1 2181
Environment:
zookeeper.version=3.4.14--1, built on 01/20/2021 05:51 GMT
host.name=manager80.bigdata
java.version=1.8.0_121
java.vendor=Oracle Corporation
java.home=/usr/jdk64/java/jre
java.class.path=/usr/hdp/current/zookeeper-server/bin/../build/classes:/usr/hdp/current/zookeeper-server/bin/../build/lib/*.jar:/usr/hdp/current/zookeeper-server/bin/../lib/slf4j-log4j12-1.7.25.jar:/usr/hdp/current/zookeeper-server/bin/../lib/slf4j-api-1.7.25.jar:/usr/hdp/current/zookeeper-server/bin/../lib/netty-3.10.6.Final.jar:/usr/hdp/current/zookeeper-server/bin/../lib/log4j-1.2.17.jar:/usr/hdp/current/zookeeper-server/bin/../lib/jline-0.9.94.jar:/usr/hdp/current/zookeeper-server/bin/../lib/audience-annotations-0.5.0.jar:/usr/hdp/current/zookeeper-server/bin/../zookeeper-3.4.14.jar:/usr/hdp/current/zookeeper-server/bin/../src/java/lib/*.jar:/usr/hdp/current/zookeeper-server/conf:/usr/jdk64/java/lib:/usr/share/zookeeper/*:/usr/share/zookeeper/*
java.library.path=/usr/java/packages/lib/amd64:/usr/lib64:/lib64:/lib:/usr/lib
java.io.tmpdir=/tmp
java.compiler=<NA>
os.name=Linux
os.arch=amd64
os.version=3.10.0-693.el7.x86_64
user.name=zookeeper
user.home=/home/zookeeper
user.dir=/home/zookeeper
[root@manager ~]#

srvr

列出服务器的完整详细信息。

[root@manager80 ~]# echo srvr |nc 127.0.0.1 2181
Zookeeper version: 3.4.14--1, built on 01/20/2021 05:51 GMT
Latency min/avg/max: 0/0/2558
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