java 登陆时的验证码怎么做？

Posted 2023-04-25

怎么镶嵌在那个登陆里面、、、

后台写一个生成图片随机的代码，生成图片给前台。切换图片的时候，使用ajax获取图片数据就行。
附上生成图片的代码
public class ValidateCode

private int width=180;
private int height=60;
private int codeCount = 4;
private int x = 0;
private int codeY;
private String Code;
private BufferedImage buffImg;
static char[] codeSequence = 'A', 'B', 'C', 'D', 'E', 'F', 'G', 'H', 'I', 'J',
'K', 'L', 'M', 'N', 'O', 'P', 'Q', 'R', 'S', 'T', 'U', 'V', 'W',
'X', 'Y', 'Z','a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e', 'f', 'g', 'h', 'i', 'j',
'k', 'l', 'm', 'n', 'o', 'p', 'q', 'r', 's', 't', 'u', 'v', 'w',
'x', 'y', 'z', 'o', '1', '2', '3', '4', '5', '6', '7', '8', '9' ;
private int fontHeight;

public ValidateCode()
x = width / (codeCount + 2);
fontHeight = height - 2;
codeY = height - 4;
CreateCode();


public void CreateCode()

// 定义图像buffer
BufferedImage buffImg = new BufferedImage(width, height,BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);
Graphics2D g = buffImg.createGraphics();
// 创建一个随机数生成器类
Random random = new Random();

// 将图像填充为白色
g.setColor(Color.WHITE);
g.fillRect(0, 0, width, height);

// 创建字体，字体的大小应该根据图片的高度来定。
Font font = new Font("Fixedsys", Font.PLAIN, fontHeight);
// 设置字体。
g.setFont(font);

// 画边框。
g.setColor(Color.BLACK);
g.drawRect(0, 0, width - 1, height - 1);

// randomCode用于保存随机产生的验证码，以便用户登录后进行验证。
StringBuffer randomCode = new StringBuffer();
int red = 0, green = 0, blue = 0;

// 随机产生codeCount数字的验证码。
for (int i = 0; i < codeCount; i++)
// 得到随机产生的验证码数字。
String strRand = String.valueOf(codeSequence[random.nextInt(62)]);
// 产生随机的颜色分量来构造颜色值，这样输出的每位数字的颜色值都将不同。
red = random.nextInt(255);
green = random.nextInt(255);
blue = random.nextInt(255);

// 用随机产生的颜色将验证码绘制到图像中。
g.setColor(new Color(red, green, blue));
g.drawString(strRand, (i ) * x+20, codeY);

// 将产生的四个随机数组合在一起。
randomCode.append(strRand);

this.Code=randomCode.toString().toUpperCase();
this.buffImg=buffImg;



public String getCode()
return Code;


public void setCode(String code)
Code = code;


public BufferedImage getBuffImg()
return buffImg;


public void setBuffImg(BufferedImage buffImg)
this.buffImg = buffImg;

参考技术A 服务器端随机生成验证码，然后根据一定的算法生成图片，嵌入Form中，form有验证码的输入框，提交后和后台的验证码进行比较即可 参考技术B 在后台写一个随机生成验证码的程序，然后再调用jpeg别人已经写好了的封装程序，将你的验证码打包成jpeg图片格式传到前端；验证就好说了，和之前生成的验证码比较就可知道验证是否通过了。 参考技术C 绘制成一张图片，随机生成几个数字或字母，将此图片放入你想放的位置，每点击一次，调用一次，随机生成一次 参考技术D 下面是实现验证码中，最难的一块----画图片，我这个支持中文验证码，我把代码贴上，如果要整个项目的话，我发给你。
package SMART.JRSOFT.IDENTTIFYINGCODE;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import java.util.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.image.*;
import javax.imageio.*;
import javax.servlet.http.*;

import org.apache.commons.lang.RandomStringUtils;

public class getimg extends HttpServlet

/**
*
*/
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;

/**
* Constructor of the object.
*/
public getimg()
super();


/**
* Destruction of the servlet.

*/
public void destroy()
super.destroy(); // Just puts "destroy" string in log
// Put your code here


/**
* The doGet method of the servlet.

*
* This method is called when a form has its tag value method equals to get.
*
* @param request the request send by the client to the server
* @param response the response send by the server to the client
* @throws ServletException if an error occurred
* @throws IOException if an error occurred
*/
public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws ServletException, IOException

response.setHeader("Pragma","No-cache");
response.setHeader("Cache-Control","no-cache");
response.setDateHeader("Expires", 0);
// 定义图片长度和宽度
int width=176, height=30;
// 创建内存图像
BufferedImage image = new BufferedImage(width, height, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);
Graphics g = image.getGraphics();
Random random = new Random();
// 验证码图形显示为数字和英文字母
g.setColor(getRandColor(200,250));
g.fillRect(0, 0, width, height);
g.setFont(new Font("Times New Roman",Font.BOLD,18));
g.setColor(new Color(255,255,255));
g.drawRect(0,0,width-1,height-1);
g.setColor(getRandColor(160,200));
for (int i=0;i<155;i++)


int x = random.nextInt(width);
int y = random.nextInt(height);
int xl = random.nextInt(12);
int yl = random.nextInt(12);
g.drawLine(x,y,x+xl,y+yl);

// 随机获取四位字母或数字型字符
String s = RandomStringUtils.random(4,false,true);

g.setColor(new Color(20+random.nextInt(110),20+random.nextInt(110),20+random.nextInt(110)));
// 将字符画到图片上
g.drawString(s,6,20);

/* 显示汉字验证码
// 设置备选汉字，剔除一些不雅的汉字
String base = "\u7684\u4e00\u4e86\u662f\u6211\u4e0d\u5728\u4eba\u4eec\u6709\u6765\u4ed6\u8fd9\u4e0a\u7740\u4e2a\u5730\u5230\u5927\u91cc\u8bf4\u5c31\u53bb\u5b50\u5f97\u4e5f\u548c\u90a3\u8981\u4e0b\u770b\u5929\u65f6\u8fc7\u51fa\u5c0f\u4e48\u8d77\u4f60\u90fd\u628a\u597d\u8fd8\u591a\u6ca1\u4e3a\u53c8\u53ef\u5bb6\u5b66\u53ea\u4ee5\u4e3b\u4f1a\u6837\u5e74\u60f3\u751f\u540c\u8001\u4e2d\u5341\u4ece\u81ea\u9762\u524d\u5934\u9053\u5b83\u540e\u7136\u8d70\u5f88\u50cf\u89c1\u4e24\u7528\u5979\u56fd\u52a8\u8fdb\u6210\u56de\u4ec0\u8fb9\u4f5c\u5bf9\u5f00\u800c\u5df1\u4e9b\u73b0\u5c71\u6c11\u5019\u7ecf\u53d1\u5de5\u5411\u4e8b\u547d\u7ed9\u957f\u6c34\u51e0\u4e49\u4e09\u58f0\u4e8e\u9ad8\u624b\u77e5\u7406\u773c\u5fd7\u70b9\u5fc3\u6218\u4e8c\u95ee\u4f46\u8eab\u65b9\u5b9e\u5403\u505a\u53eb\u5f53\u4f4f\u542c\u9769\u6253\u5462\u771f\u5168\u624d\u56db\u5df2\u6240\u654c\u4e4b\u6700\u5149\u4ea7\u60c5\u8def\u5206\u603b\u6761\u767d\u8bdd\u4e1c\u5e2d\u6b21\u4eb2\u5982\u88ab\u82b1\u53e3\u653e\u513f\u5e38\u6c14\u4e94\u7b2c\u4f7f\u5199\u519b\u5427\u6587\u8fd0\u518d\u679c\u600e\u5b9a\u8bb8\u5feb\u660e\u884c\u56e0\u522b\u98de\u5916\u6811\u7269\u6d3b\u90e8\u95e8\u65e0\u5f80\u8239\u671b\u65b0\u5e26\u961f\u5148\u529b\u5b8c\u5374\u7ad9\u4ee3\u5458\u673a\u66f4\u4e5d\u60a8\u6bcf\u98ce\u7ea7\u8ddf\u7b11\u554a\u5b69\u4e07\u5c11\u76f4\u610f\u591c\u6bd4\u9636\u8fde\u8f66\u91cd\u4fbf\u6597\u9a6c\u54ea\u5316\u592a\u6307\u53d8\u793e\u4f3c\u58eb\u8005\u5e72\u77f3\u6ee1\u65e5\u51b3\u767e\u539f\u62ff\u7fa4\u7a76\u5404\u516d\u672c\u601d\u89e3\u7acb\u6cb3\u6751\u516b\u96be\u65e9\u8bba\u5417\u6839\u5171\u8ba9\u76f8\u7814\u4eca\u5176\u4e66\u5750\u63a5\u5e94\u5173\u4fe1\u89c9\u6b65\u53cd\u5904\u8bb0\u5c06\u5343\u627e\u4e89\u9886\u6216\u5e08\u7ed3\u5757\u8dd1\u8c01\u8349\u8d8a\u5b57\u52a0\u811a\u7d27\u7231\u7b49\u4e60\u9635\u6015\u6708\u9752\u534a\u706b\u6cd5\u9898\u5efa\u8d76\u4f4d\u5531\u6d77\u4e03\u5973\u4efb\u4ef6\u611f\u51c6\u5f20\u56e2\u5c4b\u79bb\u8272\u8138\u7247\u79d1\u5012\u775b\u5229\u4e16\u521a\u4e14\u7531\u9001\u5207\u661f\u5bfc\u665a\u8868\u591f\u6574\u8ba4\u54cd\u96ea\u6d41\u672a\u573a\u8be5\u5e76\u5e95\u6df1\u523b\u5e73\u4f1f\u5fd9\u63d0\u786e\u8fd1\u4eae\u8f7b\u8bb2\u519c\u53e4\u9ed1\u544a\u754c\u62c9\u540d\u5440\u571f\u6e05\u9633\u7167\u529e\u53f2\u6539\u5386\u8f6c\u753b\u9020\u5634\u6b64\u6cbb\u5317\u5fc5\u670d\u96e8\u7a7f\u5185\u8bc6\u9a8c\u4f20\u4e1a\u83dc\u722c\u7761\u5174\u5f62\u91cf\u54b1\u89c2\u82e6\u4f53\u4f17\u901a\u51b2\u5408\u7834\u53cb\u5ea6\u672f\u996d\u516c\u65c1\u623f\u6781\u5357\u67aa\u8bfb\u6c99\u5c81\u7ebf\u91ce\u575a\u7a7a\u6536\u7b97\u81f3\u653f\u57ce\u52b3\u843d\u94b1\u7279\u56f4\u5f1f\u80dc\u6559\u70ed\u5c55\u5305\u6b4c\u7c7b\u6e10\u5f3a\u6570\u4e61\u547c\u6027\u97f3\u7b54\u54e5\u9645\u65e7\u795e\u5ea7\u7ae0\u5e2e\u5566\u53d7\u7cfb\u4ee4\u8df3\u975e\u4f55\u725b\u53d6\u5165\u5cb8\u6562\u6389\u5ffd\u79cd\u88c5\u9876\u6025\u6797\u505c\u606f\u53e5\u533a\u8863\u822c\u62a5\u53f6\u538b\u6162\u53d4\u80cc\u7ec6";
// 备选汉字的长度
int length = base.length();
// 设定图像背景色(因为是做背景，所以偏淡)
g.setColor(getRandColor(200, 250));
g.fillRect(0, 0, width, height);
// 备选字体
String[] fontTypes = "\u5b8b\u4f53", "\u65b0\u5b8b\u4f53", "\u9ed1\u4f53", "\u6977\u4f53", "\u96b6\u4e66";
int fontTypesLength = fontTypes.length;
// 在图片背景上增加噪点
g.setColor(getRandColor(160, 200));
g.setFont(new Font("Times New Roman", Font.PLAIN, 14));
for (int i = 0; i < 6; i++)
g.drawString("*********************************************", 0, 5 * (i + 2));


String s = "";
for (int i = 0; i < 6; i++)
int start = random.nextInt(length);
String rand = base.substring(start, start + 1);
s += rand;
//设置字体的颜色
g.setColor(getRandColor(10, 150));
//设置字体
g.setFont(new Font(fontTypes[random.nextInt(fontTypesLength)], Font.BOLD, 18 + random.nextInt(6)));
//将此汉字画到图片上
g.drawString(rand, 24 * i + 10 + random.nextInt(8), 24);


*/
HttpSession session=request.getSession();
session.setAttribute("rand",s);
g.dispose();
ImageIO.write(image, "JPEG", response.getOutputStream());

Color getRandColor(int fc,int bc)
Random random = new Random();
if(fc>255) fc=255;
if(bc>255) bc=255;
int r=fc+random.nextInt(bc-fc);
int g=fc+random.nextInt(bc-fc);
int b=fc+random.nextInt(bc-fc);
return new Color(r,g,b);

/**
* The doPost method of the servlet.

*
* This method is called when a form has its tag value method equals to post.
*
* @param request the request send by the client to the server
* @param response the response send by the server to the client
* @throws ServletException if an error occurred
* @throws IOException if an error occurred
*/
public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws ServletException, IOException

response.setContentType("text/html");
PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();
out
.println("");
out.println("");
out.println(" ");
out.println(" ");
out.print(" This is ");
out.print(this.getClass());
out.println(", using the POST method");
out.println(" ");
out.println("");
out.flush();
out.close();


/**
* Initialization of the servlet.

*
* @throws ServletException if an error occure
*/
public void init() throws ServletException
// Put your code here

Java登陆验证码问题

程序设计思路

随机产生一个6位的字符串
读取用户输入的信息，包括账号密码。
验证用户输入的验证码是不是和产生的随机字符串一样。
如果不是一样的话就提示并且回到重新输入的界面。
如果一样的话就提示登陆成功，并且刷新验证码，以方便下一个用户的使用。

程序流程图

程序源代码

import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.Component;


public static void main(String[] args) {
    // TODO 自动生成的方法存根
JFrame frame=new JFrame("登陆测试");
frame.setBounds(500, 300, 350, 200);
frame.setSize(350,200);
frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);   
Panel panel=new Panel();
frame.add(panel);
placeCompoents(panel);
panel.setBackground(Color.LIGHT_GRAY);
frame.setVisible(true);
}
private static void placeCompoents(Panel panel) {
    // TODO 自动生成的方法存根
panel.setLayout(null);
//姓名信息
JLabel userLabel=new JLabel("User");
userLabel.setBounds(10, 20, 80, 25);
panel.add(userLabel);
JTextField userText=new JTextField(20);
userText.setBounds(100, 20, 165, 25);
panel.add(userText);
//密码信息
JLabel passwordLabel=new JLabel("password");
passwordLabel.setBounds(10, 50, 80, 25);
panel.add(passwordLabel);
JPasswordField passwordText=new JPasswordField(20);
passwordText.setBounds(100, 50, 165, 25);
panel.add(passwordText);
//验证码信息
String code="";
for(int i=0;i<6;i++) {      
    int intVal=(int)(Math.random()*26+97);
    code=code+(char)intVal; 
}
String codex=code;
JLabel ident=new JLabel(code);
ident.setBounds(200, 80, 80, 25);
panel.add(ident);
// 验证码文本域
JLabel codes=new JLabel("codes");
codes.setBounds(10, 80, 80, 25);
panel.add(codes);
JTextField codeText=new JTextField(6);
codeText.setBounds(100, 80, 80, 25);
panel.add(codeText);
//按钮
JButton loginButton=new JButton("login");
loginButton.setBounds(100, 100, 80, 25);
panel.add(loginButton);
loginButton.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {    
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
    String c=codeText.getText();
    String u=userText.getText();
    char[] p1=passwordText.getPassword();
    String p="";
    p=p.valueOf(p1);
    if(c.equals(codex))
         {
         JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null,"hello "+u+",欢迎使用！祝您一天愉快");    
//           userText.setText("你妈妈喊你回家吃饭");
         passwordText.setText("");
         codeText.setText("");
         String code="";
            for(int i=0;i<6;i++) {      
                int intVal=(int)(Math.random()*26+97);
                code=code+(char)intVal; 
            }
            String codex=code;
            ident.setText(codex);
         }
     else 
        {
         JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null,"验证码错误");        
        }     
     }       
}   );
JButton exit=new JButton("exit");
exit.addActionListener(
new ActionListener() {  
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
    
 System.exit(0);  
}
}     );
exit.setBounds(200, 100, 80, 25);
panel.add(exit);

}

}

程序运行截图