六祎-Nginx反向代理和负载均衡配置实操演练

Posted 2022-08-26 wx5cd3964945843

1.在tomcat中开放端口

找到tomact安装目录，并编辑文件server.xml文件
 

用Notepad++打开server.xml文件，需要修改的地方已用 红色 字体注明！

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
 <!--
   Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
   contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
   this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
   The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
   (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
   the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at​​      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0​​
  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
   distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
   WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
   See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
   limitations under the License.
 -->
 <!-- Note:  A "Server" is not itself a "Container", so you may not
      define subcomponents such as "Valves" at this level.
      Documentation at /docs/config/server.html
  -->
<Server port="8005" shutdown="SHUTDOWN">
   <Listener className="org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener" />
   <!-- Security listener. Documentation at /docs/config/listeners.html
   <Listener className="org.apache.catalina.security.SecurityListener" />
   -->
   <!--APR library loader. Documentation at /docs/apr.html -->
   <Listener className="org.apache.catalina.core.AprLifecycleListener" SSLEngine="on" />
   <!-- Prevent memory leaks due to use of particular java/javax APIs-->
   <Listener className="org.apache.catalina.core.JreMemoryLeakPreventionListener" />
   <Listener className="org.apache.catalina.mbeans.GlobalResourcesLifecycleListener" />
   <Listener className="org.apache.catalina.core.ThreadLocalLeakPreventionListener" />  <!-- Global JNDI resources
        Documentation at /docs/jndi-resources-howto.html
   -->
   <GlobalNamingResources>
     <!-- Editable user database that can also be used by
          UserDatabaseRealm to authenticate users
     -->
     <Resource name="UserDatabase" auth="Container"
               type="org.apache.catalina.UserDatabase"
               description="User database that can be updated and saved"
               factory="org.apache.catalina.users.MemoryUserDatabaseFactory"
               pathname="conf/tomcat-users.xml" />
   </GlobalNamingResources>  <!-- A "Service" is a collection of one or more "Connectors" that share
        a single "Container" Note:  A "Service" is not itself a "Container",
        so you may not define subcomponents such as "Valves" at this level.
        Documentation at /docs/config/service.html
    -->
   <Service name="Catalina">    <!--The connectors can use a shared executor, you can define one or more named thread pools-->
     <!--
     <Executor name="tomcatThreadPool" namePrefix="catalina-exec-"
         maxThreads="150" minSpareThreads="4"/>
     -->     <!-- A "Connector" represents an endpoint by which requests are received
          and responses are returned. Documentation at :
          Java HTTP Connector: /docs/config/http.html
          Java AJP  Connector: /docs/config/ajp.html
          APR (HTTP/AJP) Connector: /docs/apr.html
          Define a non-SSL/TLS HTTP/1.1 Connector on port 8080
     -->
    <Connector port="8080" protocol="HTTP/1.1"
                connectionTimeout="20000"
                redirectPort="8443" />
     <!-- A "Connector" using the shared thread pool-->
     <!--
     <Connector executor="tomcatThreadPool"
                port="8080" protocol="HTTP/1.1"
                connectionTimeout="20000"
                redirectPort="8443" />
     -->
     <!-- Define a SSL/TLS HTTP/1.1 Connector on port 8443
          This connector uses the NIO implementation. The default
          SSLImplementation will depend on the presence of the APR/native
          library and the useOpenSSL attribute of the
          AprLifecycleListener.
          Either JSSE or OpenSSL style configuration may be used regardless of
          the SSLImplementation selected. JSSE style configuration is used below.
     -->
     <!--
     <Connector port="8443" protocol="org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11NioProtocol"
                maxThreads="150" SSLEnabled="true">
         <SSLHostConfig>
             <Certificate certificateKeystoreFile="conf/localhost-rsa.jks"
                          type="RSA" />
         </SSLHostConfig>
     </Connector>
     -->
     <!-- Define a SSL/TLS HTTP/1.1 Connector on port 8443 with HTTP/2
          This connector uses the APR/native implementation which always uses
          OpenSSL for TLS.
          Either JSSE or OpenSSL style configuration may be used. OpenSSL style
          configuration is used below.
     -->
     <!--
     <Connector port="8443" protocol="org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11AprProtocol"
                maxThreads="150" SSLEnabled="true" >
         <UpgradeProtocol className="org.apache.coyote.http2.Http2Protocol" />
         <SSLHostConfig>
             <Certificate certificateKeyFile="conf/localhost-rsa-key.pem"
                          certificateFile="conf/localhost-rsa-cert.pem"
                          certificateChainFile="conf/localhost-rsa-chain.pem"
                          type="RSA" />
         </SSLHostConfig>
     </Connector>
     -->    <!-- Define an AJP 1.3 Connector on port 8009 -->
     <Connector port="8009" protocol="AJP/1.3" redirectPort="8443" />     <!-- An Engine represents the entry point (within Catalina) that processes
          every request.  The Engine implementation for Tomcat stand alone
          analyzes the HTTP headers included with the request, and passes them
          on to the appropriate Host (virtual host).
          Documentation at /docs/config/engine.html -->    <!-- You should set jvmRoute to support load-balancing via AJP ie :
     <Engine name="Catalina" defaultHost="localhost" jvmRoute="jvm1">
     -->
     <Engine name="Catalina" defaultHost="localhost">      <!--For clustering, please take a look at documentation at:
           /docs/cluster-howto.html  (simple how to)
           /docs/config/cluster.html (reference documentation) -->
       <!--
       <Cluster className="org.apache.catalina.ha.tcp.SimpleTcpCluster"/>
       -->      <!-- Use the LockOutRealm to prevent attempts to guess user passwords
            via a brute-force attack -->
       <Realm className="org.apache.catalina.realm.LockOutRealm">
         <!-- This Realm uses the UserDatabase configured in the global JNDI
              resources under the key "UserDatabase".  Any edits
              that are performed against this UserDatabase are immediately
              available for use by the Realm.  -->
         <Realm className="org.apache.catalina.realm.UserDatabaseRealm"
                resourceName="UserDatabase"/>
       </Realm>      <Host name="localhost"  appBase="webapps"
             unpackWARs="true" autoDeploy="true">        <!-- SingleSignOn valve, share authentication between web applications
              Documentation at: /docs/config/valve.html -->
         <!--
         <Valve className="org.apache.catalina.authenticator.SingleSignOn" />
         -->        <!-- Access log processes all example.
              Documentation at: /docs/config/valve.html
              Note: The pattern used is equivalent to using pattern="common" -->
         <Valve className="org.apache.catalina.valves.AccessLogValve" directory="logs"
                prefix="localhost_access_log" suffix=".txt"
                pattern="%h %l %u %t "%r" %s %b" />      </Host>
     </Engine>
   </Service>
 </Server>

举例：
tomcat-1 8005, 8080 ,8443 ,8009
tomcat-2 8006, 8081 ,8444 ,8010
tomcat-3 8007,8082 , 8445 ,8011

 

 

2.这是在 /usr/local/nginx/conf下面的nginx.conf文件, 红色 字体为配置信息

#user  nobody;
 worker_processes  1;#error_log  logs/error.log;
 #error_log  logs/error.log  notice;
 #error_log  logs/error.log  info;#pid        logs/nginx.pid;
#-------以上信息都是全局配置
events 
     worker_connections  1024; #最大访问工作量
  http 
     include       mime.types;
     default_type  application/octet-stream;    #log_format  main  $remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" 
     #                  $status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" 
     #                  "$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for";    #access_log  logs/access.log  main;
    sendfile        on;
     #tcp_nopush     on;    #keepalive_timeout  0;
     keepalive_timeout  65;    #gzip  on;
 #这里是配置负载均衡
     #nginx 可以托管静态资源（网站）
     upstream mtproduct
         server      127.0.0.1:8080;               #代理服务器一
         #server    127.0.0.1:8081 backup; #热备 #代理服务器二
         #server    127.0.0.1:8082;               #代理服务器三
         #server    127.0.0.1:8083;               #代理服务器四
         server 
         listen       80;
         server_name  192.168.223.149; #ip地址
         root        /usr/java/mt; #网站源码目录
     
         #charset koi8-r;
         #access_log  logs/host.access.log  main;  location /mtproduct 
             proxy_set_header Host $Host; #获取用户访问的ip地址
             proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr; #远程访问地址
             proxy_pass http://mtproduct;  #代理服务器地址
         
             
                 #error_page  404              /404.html;
        # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
         #
         error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
         location = /50x.html 
             root   html;
                 # proxy the php scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80
         #
         #location ~ \\.php$ 
         #    proxy_pass   http://127.0.0.1;
         #        # pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000
         #
         #location ~ \\.php$ 
         #    root           html;
         #    fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;
         #    fastcgi_index  index.php;
         #    fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  /scripts$fastcgi_script_name;
         #    include        fastcgi_params;
         #        # deny access to .htaccess files, if Apaches document root
         # concurs with nginxs one
         #
         #location ~ /\\.ht 
         #    deny  all;
         #
          # another virtual host using mix of IP-, name-, and port-based configuration
     #
     #server 
     #    listen       8000;
     #    listen       somename:8080;
     #    server_name  somename  alias  another.alias;    #    location / 
     #        root   html;
     #        index  index.html index.htm;
     #    
     #     # HTTPS server
     #
     #server 
     #    listen       443 ssl;
     #    server_name  localhost;    #    ssl_certificate      cert.pem;
     #    ssl_certificate_key  cert.key;    #    ssl_session_cache    shared:SSL:1m;
     #    ssl_session_timeout  5m;    #    ssl_ciphers  HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5;
     #    ssl_prefer_server_ciphers  on;    #    location / 
     #        root   html;
     #        index  index.html index.htm;
     #    
     #